The Experts below are selected from a list of 321 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Simin Davoudi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the legacy of Positivism and the emergence of interpretive tradition in spatial planning
Regional Studies, 2012Co-Authors: Simin DavoudiAbstract:Davoudi S. The legacy of Positivism and the emergence of interpretive tradition in spatial planning, Regional Studies. This paper draws on the positivist and interpretive conceptualizations of space, place and time to present a framework for exploring how spatiality and temporality are articulated and represented in spatial planning. It focuses on five aspects of planning: the conception of spatiality; spatial and scalar structuring; the treatment of time and future; the use of evidence in plan-making; and representation and visualization. How the two traditions have influenced planning, particularly in the United Kingdom, is discussed and illustrated by historical and contemporary examples. The paper concludes that while an interpretive approach is emerging in some areas of planning, Positivism has retained its dominating influence. Davoudi S. 空间规划领域中的实证主义及诠释主义，区域研究。本文在实证与诠释主义对于空间、场域以及时间三个概念的不同的分析基础上提出了一个框架来探讨空间规划领域如何认识空间性与时间性。研究集中于规划领域所涉及的五个方面：空间性概念；空间与尺度建构；对时间与未来的理解；相关证据在规划中的运用以及概念的展示与视觉化。基于历史以及当前的相关证据...
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The legacy of Positivism and the emergence of interpretive tradition in spatial planning
Regional Studies, 2011Co-Authors: Simin DavoudiAbstract:This paper draws on the positivist and the interpretive traditions of conceptualising space, place and time to present a framework for exploring how spatiality and temporality is articulated and represented in spatial planning. The paper focuses on five key aspects of planning: conception of spatiality, spatial and scalar structuring, treatment of time and future, the use of evidence in plan making processes, and representation and visualisation. The ways in which the two traditions have influenced planning, particularly in the UK, are discussed and illustrated by historical and contemporary examples. The paper concludes that while the interpretive approach has influenced some aspects of contemporary planning practices, Positivism has remained resilient and influential in planning.
Anthony R Artino - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Positivism paradigm of research
Academic Medicine, 2020Co-Authors: Yoon Soo Park, Lars Konge, Anthony R ArtinoAbstract:Research paradigms guide scientific discoveries through their assumptions and principles. Understanding paradigm-specific assumptions helps illuminate the quality of findings that support scientific studies and identify gaps in generating sound evidence. This article focuses on the research paradigm of Positivism, examining its definition, history, and assumptions (ontology, epistemology, axiology, methodology, and rigor). Positivism is aligned with the hypothetico-deductive model of science that builds on verifying a priori hypotheses and experimentation by operationalizing variables and measures; results from hypothesis testing are used to inform and advance science. Studies aligned with Positivism generally focus on identifying explanatory associations or causal relationships through quantitative approaches, where empirically based findings from large sample sizes are favored-in this regard, generalizable inferences, replication of findings, and controlled experimentation have been principles guiding positivist science. Criteria for evaluating the quality of positivist research are discussed. An example from health professions education is provided to guide positivist thinking in study design and implementation.
J. D' Aspremont - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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International Legal Positivism in a Post-Modern World - International Legal Positivism in a Post-Modern World
2014Co-Authors: Joerg Kammerhofer, J. D' AspremontAbstract:International Legal Positivism in a Post-Modern World provides fresh perspectives on one of the most important and most controversial families of theoretical approaches to the study and practice of international law. The contributors include leading experts on international legal theory who analyse and criticise Positivism as a conceptual framework for international law, explore its relationships with other approaches and apply it to current problems of international law. Is legal Positivism relevant to the theory and practice of international law today? Have other answers to the problems of international law and the critique of Positivism undermined the positivist project and its narratives? Do modern forms of Positivism, inspired largely by the theoretically sophisticated jurisprudential concepts associated with Hans Kelsen and H.L.A. Hart, remain of any relevance for the international lawyer in this 'post-modern' age? The authors provide a wide variety of views and a stimulating debate about this family of approaches.
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international legal Positivism in a post modern world
Cambridge University Press; 2014., 2014Co-Authors: Joerg Kammerhofer, J. D' AspremontAbstract:International Legal Positivism in a Post-Modern World provides fresh perspectives on one of the most important and most controversial families of theoretical approaches to the study and practice of international law. The contributors include leading experts on international legal theory who analyse and criticise Positivism as a conceptual framework for international law, explore its relationships with other approaches and apply it to current problems of international law. Is legal Positivism relevant to the theory and practice of international law today? Have other answers to the problems of international law and the critique of Positivism undermined the positivist project and its narratives? Do modern forms of Positivism, inspired largely by the theoretically sophisticated jurisprudential concepts associated with Hans Kelsen and H.L.A. Hart, remain of any relevance for the international lawyer in this 'post-modern' age? The authors provide a wide variety of views and a stimulating debate about this family of approaches.
Yoon Soo Park - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Positivism paradigm of research
Academic Medicine, 2020Co-Authors: Yoon Soo Park, Lars Konge, Anthony R ArtinoAbstract:Research paradigms guide scientific discoveries through their assumptions and principles. Understanding paradigm-specific assumptions helps illuminate the quality of findings that support scientific studies and identify gaps in generating sound evidence. This article focuses on the research paradigm of Positivism, examining its definition, history, and assumptions (ontology, epistemology, axiology, methodology, and rigor). Positivism is aligned with the hypothetico-deductive model of science that builds on verifying a priori hypotheses and experimentation by operationalizing variables and measures; results from hypothesis testing are used to inform and advance science. Studies aligned with Positivism generally focus on identifying explanatory associations or causal relationships through quantitative approaches, where empirically based findings from large sample sizes are favored-in this regard, generalizable inferences, replication of findings, and controlled experimentation have been principles guiding positivist science. Criteria for evaluating the quality of positivist research are discussed. An example from health professions education is provided to guide positivist thinking in study design and implementation.
Joerg Kammerhofer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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international legal Positivism in a post modern world
Cambridge University Press; 2014., 2014Co-Authors: Joerg Kammerhofer, J. D' AspremontAbstract:International Legal Positivism in a Post-Modern World provides fresh perspectives on one of the most important and most controversial families of theoretical approaches to the study and practice of international law. The contributors include leading experts on international legal theory who analyse and criticise Positivism as a conceptual framework for international law, explore its relationships with other approaches and apply it to current problems of international law. Is legal Positivism relevant to the theory and practice of international law today? Have other answers to the problems of international law and the critique of Positivism undermined the positivist project and its narratives? Do modern forms of Positivism, inspired largely by the theoretically sophisticated jurisprudential concepts associated with Hans Kelsen and H.L.A. Hart, remain of any relevance for the international lawyer in this 'post-modern' age? The authors provide a wide variety of views and a stimulating debate about this family of approaches.
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International Legal Positivism in a Post-Modern World - International Legal Positivism in a Post-Modern World
2014Co-Authors: Joerg Kammerhofer, J. D' AspremontAbstract:International Legal Positivism in a Post-Modern World provides fresh perspectives on one of the most important and most controversial families of theoretical approaches to the study and practice of international law. The contributors include leading experts on international legal theory who analyse and criticise Positivism as a conceptual framework for international law, explore its relationships with other approaches and apply it to current problems of international law. Is legal Positivism relevant to the theory and practice of international law today? Have other answers to the problems of international law and the critique of Positivism undermined the positivist project and its narratives? Do modern forms of Positivism, inspired largely by the theoretically sophisticated jurisprudential concepts associated with Hans Kelsen and H.L.A. Hart, remain of any relevance for the international lawyer in this 'post-modern' age? The authors provide a wide variety of views and a stimulating debate about this family of approaches.
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International Legal Positivism
The Oxford Handbook of the Theory of International Law, 2014Co-Authors: Joerg KammerhoferAbstract:This chapter for the Oxford Handbook of International Legal Theory describes aspects of today’s international legal Positivism. (International) legal Positivism is dead just as much as it is all-pervading; most theorists use the term ‘Positivism’ as a pejorative, yet it is utilised constantly by international lawyers, both scholars and practitioners. In Section 2, Positivism is distinguished from today’s portmanteau ‘formalism’; it is shown that in most, but not all respects, Positivism is not wedded to a formalist stance. Section 3 distinguishes modern, jurisprudentially informed Positivisms (foremost those based on Hart and Kelsen) from the straw man we have erected of a classical, 19th century international legal Positivism. This straw man is historical humbug just as it remains today a very potent force of critique or unquestioning acceptance by certain orthodox ‘positivists’. Section 4 attempts to draw out one specific aspect of one modern positivist approach to international law: Jean d’Aspremont’s international legal Positivism, as a socio-realistic variant of Hartianism is, so it is argued, surprisingly close to Alf Ross’ Scandinavian Legal Realism. So close does his modification of Hart’s theory come to Ross that Hart would very likely have objected to this move - and for good reasons. Neglecting the normative aspect of rules strengthens the predictable critique, levelled in 1913 by Kelsen against Ehrlich: either the Ought is neglected by legal sociology or such an enterprise relies on the normative aspect in a subconscious manner. The chapter concludes on a pessimistic note: there is no one international legal Positivism. Hart and Kelsen only appear close on the surface, but are worlds apart in terms of their philosophical foundation.
