The Experts below are selected from a list of 3399 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Peter Demeyer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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continuous measurements of ammonia nitrous oxide and methane from air scrubbers at pig Housing facilities
Journal of Environmental Management, 2016Co-Authors: C Van Der Heyden, Eva Brusselman, Eveline Volcke, Peter DemeyerAbstract:Ammonia, largely emitted by agriculture, involves a great risk for eutrophication and acidification leading to biodiversity loss. Air scrubbers are widely applied to reduce ammonia emission from pig and Poultry Housing facilities, but it is not always clear whether their performance meets the requirements. Besides, there is a growing international concern for the livestock related greenhouse gases methane and nitrous oxide but hardly any data concerning their fate in air scrubbers are available. This contribution presents the results from measurement campaigns conducted at a chemical, a biological and a two-stage biological air scrubber installed at pig Housing facilities in Flanders. Ammonia, nitrous oxide and methane at the inlet and outlet of the air scrubbers were monitored on-line during one week using a photoacoustic gas monitor, which allowed to investigate diurnal fluctuations in the removal performance of air scrubbers. Additionally, the homogeneity of the air scrubbers, normally checked by gas detection tubes, was investigated in more detail using the continuous data. The biological air scrubber with extra nitrification tank performed well in terms of ammonia removal (86 ± 6%), while the two-stage air scrubber suffered from nitrifying bacteria inhibition. In the chemical air scrubber the pH was not kept constant, lowering the ammonia removal efficiency. A lower ammonia removal efficiency was found during the day, when the ventilation rate was the highest. Nitrous oxide was produced inside the biological and two-stage scrubber, resulting in an increased outlet concentration of more than 200%. Methane could not be removed in the different air scrubbers because of its low water solubility.
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mitigating emissions from pig and Poultry Housing facilities through air scrubbers and biofilters state of the art and perspectives
Biosystems Engineering, 2015Co-Authors: Caroline Van Der Heyden, Peter Demeyer, Eveline VolckeAbstract:The global intensification of livestock production resulted in potentially higher emissions of ammonia, odour, particulate matter (PM) and greenhouse gases (nitrous oxide and methane). Air scrubbers and biofilters were introduced as a low ammonia emission Housing technique. However, regulations with regard to the use of air scrubbers changed, including also removal efficiencies for odour and PM besides ammonia. In practice however, the required removal efficiencies for these pollutants are not always obtained, indicating the need of process optimisation in terms of process design and/or operation. When optimising air scrubbers, it is argued and recommended to anticipate the growing attention towards greenhouse gases, such as methane and nitrous oxide, which are present in exhaust air from animal Housing facilities. However up till now, very little is known about the behaviour of greenhouse gases in air scrubbers and biofilters. Moreover, the formation of nitrous oxide in (biological) air scrubbing systems cannot be excluded. This contribution summarises the state-of-the-art of air scrubbers and biofilters for the reduction of emissions of ammonia, odour, nitrous oxide, methane and fine dust and points out perspectives for process optimisation in terms of design and control. The air and liquid flow configuration, packing dimensions and packing material should be carefully considered. Control options for water flow rate, water discharge and acid dosage need to be optimised. Dosage of apolar solvents and inoculation of the packing material can be innovative control options to achieve a better removal of less water-soluble components.
Vonk J. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Emissies naar lucht uit de landbouw in 2017 : Berekeningen met het model NEMA
'Wageningen University and Research', 2019Co-Authors: Bruggen, Van C., Bannink A., Groenestein C.m., Huijsmans J.f.m., Luesink H.h., Velthof G.l., Lagerwerf L.a., Sluis Van Der, S.m., Vonk J.Abstract:Agricultural activities are in the Netherlands a major source of gaseous emission as ammonia (NH3), nitrogen oxide (NO),nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4) and non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) and particulate matter (PM10 andPM2.5). The emissions in 2017 were calculated using the National Emission Model for Agriculture (NEMA). The method calculatesthe NH3 emission from livestock manure based on the total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) content in manure. In 2017 NH3 emissionsfrom livestock manure, fertilizer and other sources in agriculture, from hobby farms, private parties and manure application onnature areas amounted to 120.5 million kg NH3, 3.9 million kg more than in 2016. Nitrogen excretion increased due to a largerfeed requirement for dairy cows and higher nitrogen levels in roughage. N2O emissions in 2017 were 21.3 million kg, slightlyabove the level of 2016 (20.7 million kg). The NO emission in 2017 amounted to 23.1 million kg compared to 22.5 million kg in2016. The CH4 emission decreased due to the shrinking of the dairy herd from 508 to 503 million kg. NMVOC emissionsamounted to 98 million kg in 2017 compared to 99 million kg in 2016. Emissions of particulate matter PM10 and PM2.5, 6.2 and0.6 million kg respectively, hardly changed compared to 2016. Some figures in the time series 1990-2016 were revised onbasis of new insights. NH3 emissions from livestock manure in the Netherlands dropped by two thirds since 1990, mainly as aresult of lower nitrogen excretion rates by livestock and low emission manure application. Emissions of N2O and NO alsodecreased over the same period, but less strongly (38% and 31% respectively), due to higher emissions from manure injectioninto the soil and the shift from Poultry Housing systems with slurry manure towards solid manure systems. CH4 emissions reducedby 14% between 1990 and 2017, caused by a decrease in livestock numbers and increased feed efficiency of dairy cattle
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Emissies naar lucht uit de landbouw in 2016 : Berekeningen met het model NEMA
'Wageningen University and Research', 2018Co-Authors: Bruggen, C. Van, Bannink A., Groenestein C.m., Huijsmans J.f.m., Luesink H.h., Sluis, S.m. Van Der, Velthof G.l., Vonk J.Abstract:Agricultural activities are in the Netherlands a major source of ammonia (NH3), nitrogen oxide (NO), nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4) and particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5). The emissions in 2016 were calculated using the National Emission Model for Agriculture (NEMA). Some figures in the time series 1990-2015 were revised. The method calculates the NH3 emission from livestock manure based on the total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) content in manure. In 2016 NH3 emissions from livestock manure, fertilizer and other sources in agriculture, from hobby farms, private parties and manure disposal in nature areas amounted to 116.8 million kg NH3, 1.3 million kg more than in 2015. Nitrogen excretion increased due to expansion of the dairy herd, but because of a larger share of low emission Housing and more manure exports outside agriculture, the increase in NH3 emission remained limited. N2O emissions in 2016 were 21.1 million kg at virtually the same level as in 2015(21.2). NO emissions in 2016 totaled 22.8 million kg compared to 22.6 million kg in 2015. CH4 emissions increased from 496 to512 million kg due to the expansion of the dairy herd. Emissions of particulate matter PM10 and PM2.5, 6.5 and 0.6 million kg respectively, did not change compared to 2015. NH3 emissions from livestock manure in the Netherlands dropped by almost two thirds since 1990, mainly as a result of lower nitrogen excretion rates by livestock and low emission manure application. Emissions of N2O and NO also decreased over the same period, but less strongly (38% and 31% respectively), due to higher emissions from manure injection into the soil and the shift from Poultry Housing systems with liquid manure towards solid manure systems. CH4 emissions reduced by 13% between 1990 and 2016 caused by a decrease in livestock numbers and increased feed efficiency of dairy cattle
C Van Der Heyden - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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continuous measurements of ammonia nitrous oxide and methane from air scrubbers at pig Housing facilities
Journal of Environmental Management, 2016Co-Authors: C Van Der Heyden, Eva Brusselman, Eveline Volcke, Peter DemeyerAbstract:Ammonia, largely emitted by agriculture, involves a great risk for eutrophication and acidification leading to biodiversity loss. Air scrubbers are widely applied to reduce ammonia emission from pig and Poultry Housing facilities, but it is not always clear whether their performance meets the requirements. Besides, there is a growing international concern for the livestock related greenhouse gases methane and nitrous oxide but hardly any data concerning their fate in air scrubbers are available. This contribution presents the results from measurement campaigns conducted at a chemical, a biological and a two-stage biological air scrubber installed at pig Housing facilities in Flanders. Ammonia, nitrous oxide and methane at the inlet and outlet of the air scrubbers were monitored on-line during one week using a photoacoustic gas monitor, which allowed to investigate diurnal fluctuations in the removal performance of air scrubbers. Additionally, the homogeneity of the air scrubbers, normally checked by gas detection tubes, was investigated in more detail using the continuous data. The biological air scrubber with extra nitrification tank performed well in terms of ammonia removal (86 ± 6%), while the two-stage air scrubber suffered from nitrifying bacteria inhibition. In the chemical air scrubber the pH was not kept constant, lowering the ammonia removal efficiency. A lower ammonia removal efficiency was found during the day, when the ventilation rate was the highest. Nitrous oxide was produced inside the biological and two-stage scrubber, resulting in an increased outlet concentration of more than 200%. Methane could not be removed in the different air scrubbers because of its low water solubility.
Eveline Volcke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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continuous measurements of ammonia nitrous oxide and methane from air scrubbers at pig Housing facilities
Journal of Environmental Management, 2016Co-Authors: C Van Der Heyden, Eva Brusselman, Eveline Volcke, Peter DemeyerAbstract:Ammonia, largely emitted by agriculture, involves a great risk for eutrophication and acidification leading to biodiversity loss. Air scrubbers are widely applied to reduce ammonia emission from pig and Poultry Housing facilities, but it is not always clear whether their performance meets the requirements. Besides, there is a growing international concern for the livestock related greenhouse gases methane and nitrous oxide but hardly any data concerning their fate in air scrubbers are available. This contribution presents the results from measurement campaigns conducted at a chemical, a biological and a two-stage biological air scrubber installed at pig Housing facilities in Flanders. Ammonia, nitrous oxide and methane at the inlet and outlet of the air scrubbers were monitored on-line during one week using a photoacoustic gas monitor, which allowed to investigate diurnal fluctuations in the removal performance of air scrubbers. Additionally, the homogeneity of the air scrubbers, normally checked by gas detection tubes, was investigated in more detail using the continuous data. The biological air scrubber with extra nitrification tank performed well in terms of ammonia removal (86 ± 6%), while the two-stage air scrubber suffered from nitrifying bacteria inhibition. In the chemical air scrubber the pH was not kept constant, lowering the ammonia removal efficiency. A lower ammonia removal efficiency was found during the day, when the ventilation rate was the highest. Nitrous oxide was produced inside the biological and two-stage scrubber, resulting in an increased outlet concentration of more than 200%. Methane could not be removed in the different air scrubbers because of its low water solubility.
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mitigating emissions from pig and Poultry Housing facilities through air scrubbers and biofilters state of the art and perspectives
Biosystems Engineering, 2015Co-Authors: Caroline Van Der Heyden, Peter Demeyer, Eveline VolckeAbstract:The global intensification of livestock production resulted in potentially higher emissions of ammonia, odour, particulate matter (PM) and greenhouse gases (nitrous oxide and methane). Air scrubbers and biofilters were introduced as a low ammonia emission Housing technique. However, regulations with regard to the use of air scrubbers changed, including also removal efficiencies for odour and PM besides ammonia. In practice however, the required removal efficiencies for these pollutants are not always obtained, indicating the need of process optimisation in terms of process design and/or operation. When optimising air scrubbers, it is argued and recommended to anticipate the growing attention towards greenhouse gases, such as methane and nitrous oxide, which are present in exhaust air from animal Housing facilities. However up till now, very little is known about the behaviour of greenhouse gases in air scrubbers and biofilters. Moreover, the formation of nitrous oxide in (biological) air scrubbing systems cannot be excluded. This contribution summarises the state-of-the-art of air scrubbers and biofilters for the reduction of emissions of ammonia, odour, nitrous oxide, methane and fine dust and points out perspectives for process optimisation in terms of design and control. The air and liquid flow configuration, packing dimensions and packing material should be carefully considered. Control options for water flow rate, water discharge and acid dosage need to be optimised. Dosage of apolar solvents and inoculation of the packing material can be innovative control options to achieve a better removal of less water-soluble components.
Eva Brusselman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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continuous measurements of ammonia nitrous oxide and methane from air scrubbers at pig Housing facilities
Journal of Environmental Management, 2016Co-Authors: C Van Der Heyden, Eva Brusselman, Eveline Volcke, Peter DemeyerAbstract:Ammonia, largely emitted by agriculture, involves a great risk for eutrophication and acidification leading to biodiversity loss. Air scrubbers are widely applied to reduce ammonia emission from pig and Poultry Housing facilities, but it is not always clear whether their performance meets the requirements. Besides, there is a growing international concern for the livestock related greenhouse gases methane and nitrous oxide but hardly any data concerning their fate in air scrubbers are available. This contribution presents the results from measurement campaigns conducted at a chemical, a biological and a two-stage biological air scrubber installed at pig Housing facilities in Flanders. Ammonia, nitrous oxide and methane at the inlet and outlet of the air scrubbers were monitored on-line during one week using a photoacoustic gas monitor, which allowed to investigate diurnal fluctuations in the removal performance of air scrubbers. Additionally, the homogeneity of the air scrubbers, normally checked by gas detection tubes, was investigated in more detail using the continuous data. The biological air scrubber with extra nitrification tank performed well in terms of ammonia removal (86 ± 6%), while the two-stage air scrubber suffered from nitrifying bacteria inhibition. In the chemical air scrubber the pH was not kept constant, lowering the ammonia removal efficiency. A lower ammonia removal efficiency was found during the day, when the ventilation rate was the highest. Nitrous oxide was produced inside the biological and two-stage scrubber, resulting in an increased outlet concentration of more than 200%. Methane could not be removed in the different air scrubbers because of its low water solubility.