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Gioia Capelli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • efficacy of moxidectin injectable and pour on Formulations in a pilot control program against bovine hypodermosis in southern italy
    Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2005
    Co-Authors: Domenico Otranto, Alessandro Agostini, Donato Traversa, Piermarino Milillo, Gioia Capelli
    Abstract:

    Bovine hypodermosis is a myiasis caused by Hypoderma bovis and Hypoderma lineatum (Diptera, Oestridae) larvae, which has a severe economic impact on the livestock industry. Though myiasis is widespread throughout Italy, no nationwide eradication program has ever been planned, unlike in other European Countries. With a view to setting up a national control program, a pilot study was carried out in Southern Italy on 9939 cattle bred in an area with a high prevalence of cattle hypodermosis, using moxidectin 0.5% Pour-on (Cydectin®, Fort Dodge) and 1% injectable (Cydectin®, Fort Dodge) Formulations. At the recommended dosage, moxidectin displayed efficacy levels of 99.9% in the Pour-on and 100% in the injectable formulation, whereas the microdose (1 mg per head regardless of body weight) was less effective (65.7%). This trial contributed to a significant reduction in infestation rates in the study area and represented the first step through which a national program for eradicating warble fly infestation in Italy.

  • short communication efficacy of moxidectin injectable and pour on Formulations in a pilot control program against bovine hypodermosis in southern italy
    2005
    Co-Authors: Domenico Otranto, Alessandro Agostini, Donato Traversa, Piermarino Milillo, Gioia Capelli
    Abstract:

    Bovine hypodermosis is a myiasis caused by Hypoderma bovis and Hypoderma lineatum (Diptera, Oestridae) larvae, which has a severe economic impact on the livestock industry. Though myiasis is widespread throughout Italy, no nationwide eradication program has ever been planned, unlike in other European Countries. With a view to setting up a national control program, a pilot study was carried out in Southern Italy on 9939 cattle bred in an area with a high prevalence of cattle hypodermosis, using moxidectin 0.5% Pour-on (Cydectin 1 , Fort Dodge) and 1% injectable (Cydectin 1 , Fort Dodge) Formulations. At the recommended dosage, moxidectin displayed efficacy levels of 99.9% in the Pour-on and 100% in the injectable formulation, whereas the microdose (1 mg per head regardless of body weight) was less effective (65.7%). This trial contributed to a significant reduction in infestation rates in the study area and represented the first step through which a national program for eradicating warble fly infestation in Italy. # 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Pierre-louis Toutain - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Licking behaviour and environmental contamination arising from Pour-on ivermectin for cattle.
    International Journal for Parasitology, 2001
    Co-Authors: Céline M Laffont, Michel Alvinerie, Alain Bousquet-mélou, Pierre-louis Toutain
    Abstract:

    Pour-on Formulations of endectocides are extensively used to treat and control systemic parasitic diseases in cattle, worldwide. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of the natural licking behaviour of cattle on the plasma and faecal disposition of topically administered ivermectin. Twelve Holstein cattle were given one single intravenous (i.v.) (200 microg/kg) and topical (500 microg/kg) administration of ivermectin at a 5-month interval. For the Pour-on administration, the animals were allocated into two groups (n=6): one control group (lickers) and one group where licking was prevented (non-lickers). Ivermectin plasma (total) clearance (270+/-57.4 ml/kg/day) was very homogeneous among the 12 cattle. In contrast, major differences between lickers and non-lickers were observed following Pour-on administration. Prevention of licking resulted in an extended terminal plasma half-life (363+/-16.2 vs. 154+/-7.4 h in lickers) and in a lower and less variable systemic availability of ivermectin (19+/-4.9 vs. 33+/-18.5% in lickers). More importantly, nearly 70% of the Pour-on dose was recovered as parent drug in the faeces of lickers vs. only 6.6% in non-lickers. Altogether, these results are consistent with an oral rather than percutaneous absorption of topical ivermectin in control animals, the non-systemically available fraction of ingested ivermectin providing a major contribution (80%) to the drug faecal output. The consequences of licking on the disposition of Pour-on ivermectin are discussed in terms of environment, given the known ecotoxicity of this drug, and of cross-contamination. Animals licking themselves and each other could result in unexpected residues in edible tissues of untreated animals and in possible subtherapeutic drug concentrations, a factor in drug resistance. According to the Precautionary Principle, these considerations elicit concern over the use of topical drug Formulations in cattle.

  • comparison of pharmacokinetic profiles of doramectin and ivermectin pour on Formulations in cattle
    Veterinary Parasitology, 1999
    Co-Authors: Véronique Gayrard, Michel Alvinerie, Pierre-louis Toutain
    Abstract:

    Abstract The plasma pharmacokinetics of doramectin and invermectin after topical administration (500 μg kg −1 ) were compared over a 50-day period in 24 young beef cattle. Observed maximum concentration ( C max ) and time to maximum concentration ( T max ) were determined directly from plasma concentrations for each animal. The area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) and mean residence time (MRT) were calculated as indices of drug exposure and persistence. The C max of doramectin (12.2 ± 4.8 ng ml −1 ) and ivermectin (12.2 ± 6.0 ng m1 −1 ) and T max of doramectin (4.3 ± 1.6 days) and ivermectin (3.4 ± 0.8 days) were not significantly different ( p  > 0.05). In contrast, the AUC of doramectin (168.0 ± 41.7 ng day ml −1 ) was significantly greater than that of ivermectin (115.5 ± 43.0 ng day ml −1 ). Furthermore, the range of AUC values calculated for ivermectin was wider than that obtained for doramectin, extending from 51.3 to 182.3 ng day ml −1 for ivermectin versus 104.3–228.7 ng day ml −1 for doramectin. The MRT was significantly greater for doramectin (12.8 ± 1.9 days) than for ivermectin (8.4 ± 1.5 days). It was concluded that a 500 μg kg −1 Pour-on administration of doramectin and ivermectin led to an overall exposure as reflected by the mean AUC, that was 45% higher for doramectin compared to ivermectin and that the relative inter-individual variability was less for doramectin than for ivermectin. Possible therapeutic consequences of these differences between doramectin and ivermectin Pour-on Formulations are discussed.

Domenico Otranto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • efficacy of moxidectin injectable and pour on Formulations in a pilot control program against bovine hypodermosis in southern italy
    Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2005
    Co-Authors: Domenico Otranto, Alessandro Agostini, Donato Traversa, Piermarino Milillo, Gioia Capelli
    Abstract:

    Bovine hypodermosis is a myiasis caused by Hypoderma bovis and Hypoderma lineatum (Diptera, Oestridae) larvae, which has a severe economic impact on the livestock industry. Though myiasis is widespread throughout Italy, no nationwide eradication program has ever been planned, unlike in other European Countries. With a view to setting up a national control program, a pilot study was carried out in Southern Italy on 9939 cattle bred in an area with a high prevalence of cattle hypodermosis, using moxidectin 0.5% Pour-on (Cydectin®, Fort Dodge) and 1% injectable (Cydectin®, Fort Dodge) Formulations. At the recommended dosage, moxidectin displayed efficacy levels of 99.9% in the Pour-on and 100% in the injectable formulation, whereas the microdose (1 mg per head regardless of body weight) was less effective (65.7%). This trial contributed to a significant reduction in infestation rates in the study area and represented the first step through which a national program for eradicating warble fly infestation in Italy.

  • short communication efficacy of moxidectin injectable and pour on Formulations in a pilot control program against bovine hypodermosis in southern italy
    2005
    Co-Authors: Domenico Otranto, Alessandro Agostini, Donato Traversa, Piermarino Milillo, Gioia Capelli
    Abstract:

    Bovine hypodermosis is a myiasis caused by Hypoderma bovis and Hypoderma lineatum (Diptera, Oestridae) larvae, which has a severe economic impact on the livestock industry. Though myiasis is widespread throughout Italy, no nationwide eradication program has ever been planned, unlike in other European Countries. With a view to setting up a national control program, a pilot study was carried out in Southern Italy on 9939 cattle bred in an area with a high prevalence of cattle hypodermosis, using moxidectin 0.5% Pour-on (Cydectin 1 , Fort Dodge) and 1% injectable (Cydectin 1 , Fort Dodge) Formulations. At the recommended dosage, moxidectin displayed efficacy levels of 99.9% in the Pour-on and 100% in the injectable formulation, whereas the microdose (1 mg per head regardless of body weight) was less effective (65.7%). This trial contributed to a significant reduction in infestation rates in the study area and represented the first step through which a national program for eradicating warble fly infestation in Italy. # 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

D Maccoll - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • therapeutic and protective efficacy of doramectin injectable against gastrointestinal nematodes in cattle in new zealand a comparison with moxidectin and invermectin pour on Formulations
    Veterinary Parasitology, 1997
    Co-Authors: F.g. Hooke, P Clement, D Dellosa, R M Porter, D Maccoll
    Abstract:

    Abstract Two similar studies were conducted in New Zealand to compare the therapeutic and persistent activity of doramectin injectable, moxidectin Pour-on, ivermectin Pour-on and oxfendazole oral drench when administered to nematode-infected cattle which were then grazed on common pastures. On day 0 (treatment day), 40 cattle were weighed, faecal sampled and allocated on the basis of day −3 faecal egg counts (FEC) to four treatment groups. Cattle were then treated with either doramectin by subcutaneous (SC) injection, moxidectin and ivermectin by topical application, or oxfendazole orally using label-recommended dosages. Oxfendazole treatment served primarily as a control to monitor reinfection without persistent activity. Faecal samples for nematode egg counts and coprocultures for larval differentiation were collected six times between day 0 and day 56 and all cattle were reweighed on day 56. Doramectin reduced pretreatment FEC by 99.1% in the first study and by 100% in the second study when assessed at 14 days posttreatment. Corresponding reductions for moxidectin were 80.8% and 85.2%, for ivermectin 86.0% and 80% and oxfendazole 78.3% and 100%, respectively. Posttreatment rise in FEC indicated that reinfection of moxidectin-treated animals occurred at the same time as oxfendazole controls in both trials. Posttreatment rise in FEC with ivermectin Pour-on was similar to moxidectin and oxfendazole in one study, but in the other study ivermectin Pour-on delayed the rise by 14–21 days. The rise in FEC for doramectin was delayed for 14–21 days in one study and at least 21 days in the other. The better parasite control provided by doramectin resulted in greater weight gains for cattle over the 56-day period as compared to moxidectin Pour-on, ivermectin Pour-on and oxfendazole in both trials. Gains of doramectin treated cattle were significantly (p

  • Therapeutic and protective efficacy of doramectin injectable against gastrointestinal nematodes in cattle in New Zealand: A comparison with moxidectin and invermectin Pour-on Formulations
    Veterinary Parasitology, 1997
    Co-Authors: F.g. Hooke, P Clement, R M Porter, D Maccoll, D. Dell'osa, R.s. Rew
    Abstract:

    Two similar studies were conducted in New Zealand to compare the therapeutic and persistent activity of doramectin injectable, moxidectin Pour-on, ivermectin Pour-on and oxfendazole oral drench when administered to nematode-infected cattle which were then grazed on common pastures. On day 0 (treatment day), 40 cattle were weighed, faecal sampled and allocated on the basis of day −3 faecal egg counts (FEC) to four treatment groups. Cattle were then treated with either doramectin by subcutaneous (SC) injection, moxidectin and ivermectin by topical application, or oxfendazole orally using label-recommended dosages. Oxfendazole treatment served primarily as a control to monitor reinfection without persistent activity. Faecal samples for nematode egg counts and coprocultures for larval differentiation were collected six times between day 0 and day 56 and all cattle were reweighed on day 56. Doramectin reduced pretreatment FEC by 99.1% in the first study and by 100% in the second study when assessed at 14 days posttreatment. Corresponding reductions for moxidectin were 80.8% and 85.2%, for ivermectin 86.0% and 80% and oxfendazole 78.3% and 100%, respectively. Posttreatment rise in FEC indicated that reinfection of moxidectin-treated animals occurred at the same time as oxfendazole controls in both trials. Posttreatment rise in FEC with ivermectin Pour-on was similar to moxidectin and oxfendazole in one study, but in the other study ivermectin Pour-on delayed the rise by 14–21 days. The rise in FEC for doramectin was delayed for 14–21 days in one study and at least 21 days in the other. The better parasite control provided by doramectin resulted in greater weight gains for cattle over the 56-day period as compared to moxidectin Pour-on, ivermectin Pour-on and oxfendazole in both trials. Gains of doramectin treated cattle were significantly (p < 0.05) greater than those of ivermectin and moxidectin groups in one trial and the oxfendazole group only in the other.

Piermarino Milillo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • efficacy of moxidectin injectable and pour on Formulations in a pilot control program against bovine hypodermosis in southern italy
    Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2005
    Co-Authors: Domenico Otranto, Alessandro Agostini, Donato Traversa, Piermarino Milillo, Gioia Capelli
    Abstract:

    Bovine hypodermosis is a myiasis caused by Hypoderma bovis and Hypoderma lineatum (Diptera, Oestridae) larvae, which has a severe economic impact on the livestock industry. Though myiasis is widespread throughout Italy, no nationwide eradication program has ever been planned, unlike in other European Countries. With a view to setting up a national control program, a pilot study was carried out in Southern Italy on 9939 cattle bred in an area with a high prevalence of cattle hypodermosis, using moxidectin 0.5% Pour-on (Cydectin®, Fort Dodge) and 1% injectable (Cydectin®, Fort Dodge) Formulations. At the recommended dosage, moxidectin displayed efficacy levels of 99.9% in the Pour-on and 100% in the injectable formulation, whereas the microdose (1 mg per head regardless of body weight) was less effective (65.7%). This trial contributed to a significant reduction in infestation rates in the study area and represented the first step through which a national program for eradicating warble fly infestation in Italy.

  • short communication efficacy of moxidectin injectable and pour on Formulations in a pilot control program against bovine hypodermosis in southern italy
    2005
    Co-Authors: Domenico Otranto, Alessandro Agostini, Donato Traversa, Piermarino Milillo, Gioia Capelli
    Abstract:

    Bovine hypodermosis is a myiasis caused by Hypoderma bovis and Hypoderma lineatum (Diptera, Oestridae) larvae, which has a severe economic impact on the livestock industry. Though myiasis is widespread throughout Italy, no nationwide eradication program has ever been planned, unlike in other European Countries. With a view to setting up a national control program, a pilot study was carried out in Southern Italy on 9939 cattle bred in an area with a high prevalence of cattle hypodermosis, using moxidectin 0.5% Pour-on (Cydectin 1 , Fort Dodge) and 1% injectable (Cydectin 1 , Fort Dodge) Formulations. At the recommended dosage, moxidectin displayed efficacy levels of 99.9% in the Pour-on and 100% in the injectable formulation, whereas the microdose (1 mg per head regardless of body weight) was less effective (65.7%). This trial contributed to a significant reduction in infestation rates in the study area and represented the first step through which a national program for eradicating warble fly infestation in Italy. # 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.