The Experts below are selected from a list of 309 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
William E. Grant - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dynamics of a Predator Prey Interaction with seasonal reproduction and continuous predation
Ecological Modelling, 2013Co-Authors: Can Zhou, Masami Fujiwara, William E. GrantAbstract:Abstract Dynamics of Predator–Prey systems are affected by life history attributes of both Predator and Prey. We compare performance of several different models of one specific type of Predator–Prey Interaction in which both Predator and Prey exhibit seasonal reproduction and predation is continuous. We show that use of a discrete-time model that preserves seasonal reproduction, whether stage-structured or non-stage-structured, always produces equilibria that are locally stable, whereas use of a continuous-time Predator–Prey model with an instantaneous approximation of seasonal reproduction can produce a limit cycle (self-sustained population fluctuations). This difference in dynamics results from the mismatch of life history properties between the mathematical model and the biological system under the continuous time model. We conclude that seasonal reproduction may be an important stabilizing factor in Predator–Prey Interactions. Finally, with stage-structured Predator–Prey models, we show how life history parameters affect asymptotic dynamics of the system. Discrete-time models provide a more natural match to the biology of these systems. Our results suggest that discrete-time models have the potential for reducing the gap between theoretical models and empirical observations for these systems.
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Dynamics of a Predator–Prey Interaction with seasonal reproduction and continuous predation
Ecological Modelling, 2013Co-Authors: Can Zhou, Masami Fujiwara, William E. GrantAbstract:Abstract Dynamics of Predator–Prey systems are affected by life history attributes of both Predator and Prey. We compare performance of several different models of one specific type of Predator–Prey Interaction in which both Predator and Prey exhibit seasonal reproduction and predation is continuous. We show that use of a discrete-time model that preserves seasonal reproduction, whether stage-structured or non-stage-structured, always produces equilibria that are locally stable, whereas use of a continuous-time Predator–Prey model with an instantaneous approximation of seasonal reproduction can produce a limit cycle (self-sustained population fluctuations). This difference in dynamics results from the mismatch of life history properties between the mathematical model and the biological system under the continuous time model. We conclude that seasonal reproduction may be an important stabilizing factor in Predator–Prey Interactions. Finally, with stage-structured Predator–Prey models, we show how life history parameters affect asymptotic dynamics of the system. Discrete-time models provide a more natural match to the biology of these systems. Our results suggest that discrete-time models have the potential for reducing the gap between theoretical models and empirical observations for these systems.
M R Alavi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Predator Prey Interaction between pfiesteria piscicida and rhodomonas mediated by a marine alpha proteobacterium
Microbial Ecology, 2004Co-Authors: M R AlaviAbstract:The dinoflagellate Pfiesteria piscicida coexists with bacteria in aquatic environments and as such, may interact with them at the physiological level. This study was designed to investigate the influence of bacteria, present in a clonal culture of Pfiesteria piscicida, on the Predator/Prey relationship of this dinoflagellate with the alga Rhodomonas. A series of replenishment experiments with bacteria isolated from P. piscicida clonal culture and the bacteria-free P. piscicida derived from the same culture were carried out. In the presence of bacteria, the number of P. piscicida increased significantly when incubated with alga Rhodomonas. This enhanced growth was almost entirely due to the increased consumption rate of Rhodomonas by P. piscicida since in bacteria-free (axenic) cultures Rhodomonas were consumed at significantly reduced rates relative to cultures with bacteria. Subsequent replenishment experiments with individual bacterial isolates showed that a single isolate was responsible for the increased predation rate of P. piscicida. The presence or absence of this specific bacterium determined the outcome of the Interaction between P. piscicida and Rhodomonas. Partial sequence analysis of the 16S rDNA of this isolate indicated that it was a novel marine alpha proteobacterium with sequence similarities to a Roseobacter sp. and a bacterium recently isolated from a toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium sp.
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Predator/Prey Interaction between Pfiesteria piscicida and Rhodomonas Mediated by a Marine Alpha Proteobacterium
Microbial Ecology, 2003Co-Authors: M R AlaviAbstract:The dinoflagellate Pfiesteria piscicida coexists with bacteria in aquatic environments and as such, may interact with them at the physiological level. This study was designed to investigate the influence of bacteria, present in a clonal culture of Pfiesteria piscicida, on the Predator/Prey relationship of this dinoflagellate with the alga Rhodomonas. A series of replenishment experiments with bacteria isolated from P. piscicida clonal culture and the bacteria-free P. piscicida derived from the same culture were carried out. In the presence of bacteria, the number of P. piscicida increased significantly when incubated with alga Rhodomonas. This enhanced growth was almost entirely due to the increased consumption rate of Rhodomonas by P. piscicida since in bacteria-free (axenic) cultures Rhodomonas were consumed at significantly reduced rates relative to cultures with bacteria. Subsequent replenishment experiments with individual bacterial isolates showed that a single isolate was responsible for the increased predation rate of P. piscicida. The presence or absence of this specific bacterium determined the outcome of the Interaction between P. piscicida and Rhodomonas. Partial sequence analysis of the 16S rDNA of this isolate indicated that it was a novel marine alpha proteobacterium with sequence similarities to a Roseobacter sp. and a bacterium recently isolated from a toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium sp.
Can Zhou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dynamics of a Predator Prey Interaction with seasonal reproduction and continuous predation
Ecological Modelling, 2013Co-Authors: Can Zhou, Masami Fujiwara, William E. GrantAbstract:Abstract Dynamics of Predator–Prey systems are affected by life history attributes of both Predator and Prey. We compare performance of several different models of one specific type of Predator–Prey Interaction in which both Predator and Prey exhibit seasonal reproduction and predation is continuous. We show that use of a discrete-time model that preserves seasonal reproduction, whether stage-structured or non-stage-structured, always produces equilibria that are locally stable, whereas use of a continuous-time Predator–Prey model with an instantaneous approximation of seasonal reproduction can produce a limit cycle (self-sustained population fluctuations). This difference in dynamics results from the mismatch of life history properties between the mathematical model and the biological system under the continuous time model. We conclude that seasonal reproduction may be an important stabilizing factor in Predator–Prey Interactions. Finally, with stage-structured Predator–Prey models, we show how life history parameters affect asymptotic dynamics of the system. Discrete-time models provide a more natural match to the biology of these systems. Our results suggest that discrete-time models have the potential for reducing the gap between theoretical models and empirical observations for these systems.
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Dynamics of a Predator–Prey Interaction with seasonal reproduction and continuous predation
Ecological Modelling, 2013Co-Authors: Can Zhou, Masami Fujiwara, William E. GrantAbstract:Abstract Dynamics of Predator–Prey systems are affected by life history attributes of both Predator and Prey. We compare performance of several different models of one specific type of Predator–Prey Interaction in which both Predator and Prey exhibit seasonal reproduction and predation is continuous. We show that use of a discrete-time model that preserves seasonal reproduction, whether stage-structured or non-stage-structured, always produces equilibria that are locally stable, whereas use of a continuous-time Predator–Prey model with an instantaneous approximation of seasonal reproduction can produce a limit cycle (self-sustained population fluctuations). This difference in dynamics results from the mismatch of life history properties between the mathematical model and the biological system under the continuous time model. We conclude that seasonal reproduction may be an important stabilizing factor in Predator–Prey Interactions. Finally, with stage-structured Predator–Prey models, we show how life history parameters affect asymptotic dynamics of the system. Discrete-time models provide a more natural match to the biology of these systems. Our results suggest that discrete-time models have the potential for reducing the gap between theoretical models and empirical observations for these systems.
Tatiana T Marquezlago - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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role reversal in a Predator Prey Interaction
Royal Society Open Science, 2014Co-Authors: Faustino Sanchezgarduno, Pedro Miramontes, Tatiana T MarquezlagoAbstract:Predator–Prey relationships are one of the most studied Interactions in population ecology. However, little attention has been paid to the possibility of role exchange between species, despite firm field evidence of such phenomena in nature. In this paper, we build a mathematical model capable of reproducing the main phenomenological features of role reversal in a classical system and present results for both the temporal and spatio-temporal cases. We show that, depending on the choice of parameters, our role-reversal dynamical system exhibits excitable-like behaviour, generating waves of species' concentrations that propagate through space. Our findings fill a long-standing gap in modelling ecological Interactions and can be applicable to better understanding ecological niche shifts and planning of sustainable ecosystems.
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role reversal in a Predator Prey Interaction
arXiv: Populations and Evolution, 2014Co-Authors: Faustino Sanchezgarduno, Pedro Miramontes, Tatiana T MarquezlagoAbstract:Predator-Prey relationships are one of the most studied Interactions in population ecology. However, little attention has been paid to the possibility of role exchange between species once determined as Predators and Preys, despite firm field evidence of such phenomena in the nature. In this paper, we build a model capable of reproducing the main phenomenological features of one reported Predator-Prey role-reversal system, and present results for both the homogeneous and the space explicit cases. We find that, depending on the choice of parameters, our role-reversal dynamical system exhibits excitable-like behaviour, generating waves of species' concentrations that propagate through space.
Gary F. Mccracken - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Predator–Prey Interaction reveals local effects of high-altitude insect migration
Oecologia, 2018Co-Authors: Jennifer J. Krauel, Veronica A. Brown, John K. Westbrook, Gary F. MccrackenAbstract:High-altitude nocturnal insect migrations are ubiquitous and represent significant pulses of biomass, which impact large areas and multiple trophic levels, yet are difficult to study and poorly understood. Predation on migratory insects by high-flying bats provides potential for investigating flows of migratory insects across a landscape. Brazilian free-tailed bats, Tadarida brasiliensis , provide valuable ecosystem services by consuming migratory pests, and research suggests migratory insects are an important resource to bats in autumn. We sequenced insect DNA from bat feces collected during the 2010–2012 autumn migrations of insects over southern Texas, and tested the utility of Predator–Prey Interactions for monitoring migratory insect populations by asking: 1) how extensively do bats consume migratory insects during autumn? (2) does the Prey community reflect known drivers of insect migrations, e.g. cold fronts? and (3) are migratory insects increasingly important to bats when local food resources decline in autumn? Bats consumed at least 21 species of migratory insects and 44 species of agricultural pests. Prey community richness increased with cold front passage. Bats consumed migratory moths over the entire autumn season, and the proportion of migratory moths in the bat diet increased over the course of the autumn season in all 3 years. This study confirms extensive consumption of migratory insects by bats, links patterns in Prey communities to mechanisms driving insect migration, and documents a novel approach to tracking patterns of migratory insect movement. As an important resource for T. brasiliensis in autumn, migratory insects provide stabilizing effects to the local animal community.
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Predator Prey Interaction reveals local effects of high altitude insect migration
Oecologia, 2018Co-Authors: Jennifer J. Krauel, Veronica A. Brown, John K. Westbrook, Gary F. MccrackenAbstract:High-altitude nocturnal insect migrations are ubiquitous and represent significant pulses of biomass, which impact large areas and multiple trophic levels, yet are difficult to study and poorly understood. Predation on migratory insects by high-flying bats provides potential for investigating flows of migratory insects across a landscape. Brazilian free-tailed bats, Tadarida brasiliensis, provide valuable ecosystem services by consuming migratory pests, and research suggests migratory insects are an important resource to bats in autumn. We sequenced insect DNA from bat feces collected during the 2010–2012 autumn migrations of insects over southern Texas, and tested the utility of Predator–Prey Interactions for monitoring migratory insect populations by asking: 1) how extensively do bats consume migratory insects during autumn? (2) does the Prey community reflect known drivers of insect migrations, e.g. cold fronts? and (3) are migratory insects increasingly important to bats when local food resources decline in autumn? Bats consumed at least 21 species of migratory insects and 44 species of agricultural pests. Prey community richness increased with cold front passage. Bats consumed migratory moths over the entire autumn season, and the proportion of migratory moths in the bat diet increased over the course of the autumn season in all 3 years. This study confirms extensive consumption of migratory insects by bats, links patterns in Prey communities to mechanisms driving insect migration, and documents a novel approach to tracking patterns of migratory insect movement. As an important resource for T. brasiliensis in autumn, migratory insects provide stabilizing effects to the local animal community.