The Experts below are selected from a list of 63 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Yoshio Yamamoto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sympathetic and sensory innervation of small intensely fluorescent (SIF) cells in rat superior cervical ganglion
Cell and Tissue Research, 2015Co-Authors: Fumiya Takaki, Nobuaki Nakamuta, Tatsumi Kusakabe, Yoshio YamamotoAbstract:The sympathetic ganglion contains small intensely fluorescent (SIF) cells derived from the neural crest. We morphologically characterize SIF cells and focus on their relationship with ganglionic cells, Preganglionic Nerve Fibers and sensory Nerve endings. SIF cells stained intensely for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), with a few cells also being immunoreactive for dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH). Vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT)-immunoreactive puncta were distributed around some clusters of SIF cells, whereas some SIF cells closely abutted DBH-immunoreactive ganglionic cells. SIF cells contained bassoon-immunoreactive products beneath the cell membrane at the attachments and on opposite sites to the ganglionic cells. Ganglion neurons and SIF cells were immunoreactive to dopamine D2 receptors. Immunohistochemistry for P2X3 revealed ramified Nerve endings with P2X3 immunoreactivity around SIF cells. Triple-labeling for P2X3, TH and VAChT allowed the classification of SIF cells into three types based on their innervation: (1) with only VAChT-immunoreactive puncta, (2) with only P2X3-immunoreactive Nerve endings, (3) with both P2X3-immunoreactive Nerve endings and VAChT-immunoreactive puncta. The results of retrograde tracing with fast blue dye indicated that most of these Nerve endings originated from the petrosal ganglion. Thus, SIF cells in the superior cervical ganglion are innervated by Preganglionic Fibers and glossopharyngeal sensory Nerve endings and can be classified into three types. SIF cells might modulate sympathetic activity in the superior cervical ganglion.
Frank Sundler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effects of axotomy and Preganglionic denervation on the expression of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP), galanin and PACAP type 1 receptors in the rat superior cervical ganglion
Brain Research, 1997Co-Authors: K. Moller, Martina Kvist Reimer, Eva Ekblad, Jens Hannibal, Jan Fahrenkrug, Martin Kanje, Frank SundlerAbstract:The effects of axotomy, chemical sympathectomy and Preganglionic denervation on the expression of the neuropeptides, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP), galanin (GAL), and the PACAP type 1 receptor in the rat superior cervical ganglion (SCG) were investigated by immunocytochemistry, in situ hybridization and receptor autoradiography. An antibody recognizing the rat vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) was used for the detection of Preganglionic cholinergic Fibers. In the normal SCG, PACAP-immunoreactivity (-IR) was present in numerous, basket-forming, Preganglionic Nerve Fibers, while very few SCG neurons expressed PACAP. GAL-IR was restricted to occasional neurons, and a few Nerve Fibers, most of which were, in addition, PACAP-IR. PACAP type 1 receptors were expressed in all Nerve cell bodies. Axotomy resulted in a rapid and prominent upregulation of PACAP in a large number of Nerve cell bodies. There was a large increase also in GAL expression in many Nerve cell bodies. In contrast, there was a marked decline in PACAP type 1 receptor expression. Chemical sympathectomy by administration of the catcholaminergic neurotoxin, 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), gave rise to similar changes. Preganglionic denervation led to the disappearance of PACAP- and VAChT-IR baskets and to the upregulation of PACAP and GAL expression in neurons located close to the entrance of the sympathetic chain, whereas PACAP type 1 receptor expression was not affected. PACAP and GAL were coexpressed in most neurons after axotomy and chemical sympathectomy. Taken together, these results indicate that disruption of target contact and/or the infliction of an injury to the axons of the sympathetic neurons, rather than the Preganglionic output, regulates the expression of PACAP, GAL and the PACAP type 1 receptor.
Arun R. Wakade - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide-immunoreactive sensory neurons innervate rat adrenal medulla
Brain Research, 1996Co-Authors: N.j. Dun, H. Tang, S.l. Dun, R. Huang, E.c. Dun, Arun R. WakadeAbstract:Rat adrenal chromaffin cells were invested by a dense network of Nerve Fibers immunoreactive to pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide-38 (PACAP-IR). Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated the presence of PACAP-IR in nodose and dorsal root ganglion cells, but not in neurons of the intermediolateral cell column and other autonomic nuclei of the thoracic and upper lumbar spinal cord. Somata of the T7 to T12 paravertebral ganglia were PACAP-negative. A few lightly labeled neurons were occasionally noted in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus. Injection of the retrograde tracer Fluorogold into the left adrenal medulla 3 days prior to sacrifice resulted in the labeling of a population of neurons in the ipsilateral spinal cord intermediolateral cell column (T1 to L1), ipsilateral and contralateral nodose ganglia and ipsilateral dorsal root ganglia from T7 to T10 inclusive. A small number of lightly labeled somata was occasionally noted in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus. Combined retrograde tracing and PACAP immunohistochemistry showed that a population of Fluorogold-containing nodose and dorsal root ganglion cells were also PACAP-positive. Pre-treatment of the rats with capsaicin caused a marked reduction of the PACAP-IR in the adrenal gland as well as in the superficial layers of the dorsal horn and caudal spinal trigeminal nucleus. These findings, in conjunction with the apparent absence of PACAP-IR in spinal sympathetic Preganglionic neurons, sympathetic postganglionic neurons, and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, raise the possibility that PACAP-IR Fibers observed in the adrenal medulla are primarily sensory in origin. As a corollary, catecholamine secretion from chromaffin cells may be modulated by the peptidergic sensory afferents in addition to the cholinergic sympathetic Preganglionic Nerve Fibers.
Fumiya Takaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sympathetic and sensory innervation of small intensely fluorescent (SIF) cells in rat superior cervical ganglion
Cell and Tissue Research, 2015Co-Authors: Fumiya Takaki, Nobuaki Nakamuta, Tatsumi Kusakabe, Yoshio YamamotoAbstract:The sympathetic ganglion contains small intensely fluorescent (SIF) cells derived from the neural crest. We morphologically characterize SIF cells and focus on their relationship with ganglionic cells, Preganglionic Nerve Fibers and sensory Nerve endings. SIF cells stained intensely for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), with a few cells also being immunoreactive for dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH). Vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT)-immunoreactive puncta were distributed around some clusters of SIF cells, whereas some SIF cells closely abutted DBH-immunoreactive ganglionic cells. SIF cells contained bassoon-immunoreactive products beneath the cell membrane at the attachments and on opposite sites to the ganglionic cells. Ganglion neurons and SIF cells were immunoreactive to dopamine D2 receptors. Immunohistochemistry for P2X3 revealed ramified Nerve endings with P2X3 immunoreactivity around SIF cells. Triple-labeling for P2X3, TH and VAChT allowed the classification of SIF cells into three types based on their innervation: (1) with only VAChT-immunoreactive puncta, (2) with only P2X3-immunoreactive Nerve endings, (3) with both P2X3-immunoreactive Nerve endings and VAChT-immunoreactive puncta. The results of retrograde tracing with fast blue dye indicated that most of these Nerve endings originated from the petrosal ganglion. Thus, SIF cells in the superior cervical ganglion are innervated by Preganglionic Fibers and glossopharyngeal sensory Nerve endings and can be classified into three types. SIF cells might modulate sympathetic activity in the superior cervical ganglion.
K. Moller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effects of axotomy and Preganglionic denervation on the expression of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP), galanin and PACAP type 1 receptors in the rat superior cervical ganglion
Brain Research, 1997Co-Authors: K. Moller, Martina Kvist Reimer, Eva Ekblad, Jens Hannibal, Jan Fahrenkrug, Martin Kanje, Frank SundlerAbstract:The effects of axotomy, chemical sympathectomy and Preganglionic denervation on the expression of the neuropeptides, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP), galanin (GAL), and the PACAP type 1 receptor in the rat superior cervical ganglion (SCG) were investigated by immunocytochemistry, in situ hybridization and receptor autoradiography. An antibody recognizing the rat vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) was used for the detection of Preganglionic cholinergic Fibers. In the normal SCG, PACAP-immunoreactivity (-IR) was present in numerous, basket-forming, Preganglionic Nerve Fibers, while very few SCG neurons expressed PACAP. GAL-IR was restricted to occasional neurons, and a few Nerve Fibers, most of which were, in addition, PACAP-IR. PACAP type 1 receptors were expressed in all Nerve cell bodies. Axotomy resulted in a rapid and prominent upregulation of PACAP in a large number of Nerve cell bodies. There was a large increase also in GAL expression in many Nerve cell bodies. In contrast, there was a marked decline in PACAP type 1 receptor expression. Chemical sympathectomy by administration of the catcholaminergic neurotoxin, 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), gave rise to similar changes. Preganglionic denervation led to the disappearance of PACAP- and VAChT-IR baskets and to the upregulation of PACAP and GAL expression in neurons located close to the entrance of the sympathetic chain, whereas PACAP type 1 receptor expression was not affected. PACAP and GAL were coexpressed in most neurons after axotomy and chemical sympathectomy. Taken together, these results indicate that disruption of target contact and/or the infliction of an injury to the axons of the sympathetic neurons, rather than the Preganglionic output, regulates the expression of PACAP, GAL and the PACAP type 1 receptor.