The Experts below are selected from a list of 3558 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Corrine Almeida - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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light pollution affects nesting behavior of loggerhead turtles and predation risk of nests and hatchlings
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B-biology, 2017Co-Authors: Elton Silva, Adolfo Marco, Jesemine Da Graca, Hector Perez, Elena Abella, Juan Patinomartinez, Samir Martins, Corrine AlmeidaAbstract:The introduction of artificial light into wildlife habitats is a rapidly expanding aspect of global change, which has many negative impacts on a wide range of taxa. In this experimental study, which took place on a beach located on the island of Boa Vista (Cabo Verde), three types of artificial light were tested on nesting loggerhead sea turtles as well as on ghost crabs, which intensively predate on nests and hatchlings, to determine the effects they would produce on the behavior of both species. Over the course of 36days, female loggerheads and ghost crabs were studied under yellow, orange and red lights, with observations also being made on dark nights that served as a control treatment. During this period, the frequencies of nesting attempts, the time taken by turtles to complete each phase of the nesting process, and ghost crab abundance and behaviors were carefully recorded. 1146 loggerhead nesting attempts were observed and recorded during the experiments, and results showed a decrease in nesting attempts of at least 20% when artificial lighting was present. A significant decline in successful attempts was also observed within the central sections of the beach, which corresponded to those that received more light. This artificial lighting significantly increased the time that turtles spent on the nesting process and forced them to do more extensive beach crawls. Despite this, the presence of light had no apparent effect on the final selection of the nesting site. Yellow and orange lights significantly disrupted the sea finding behavior and turtles were often unable to orient themselves seaward under these color lights. Disoriented turtles were observed crawling in circuitous paths in front of the light source for several minutes. In addition, artificial lights had the potential to increase the number of ghost crabs present within the illuminated stretches of the beach. However, only yellow lighting produced a significant change on aggressive and Prey Searching behaviors. These changes in abundance and behavior could cause a greater predation on loggerhead turtle nests. Red light had no significant impact on the behavior of either species. It should be a priority to enforce preventive measures and light mitigation strategies to ensure the conservation of important loggerhead rookeries.
Patricio H Manriquez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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artificial light pollution influences behavioral and physiological traits in a keystone predator species concholepas concholepas
Science of The Total Environment, 2019Co-Authors: Patricio H Manriquez, Maria Elisa Jara, Maria Isabel Diaz, Pedro A Quijon, Stephen Widdicombe, Jose Pulgar, Karen Manriquez, Diego Quintanillaahumada, Cristian DuarteAbstract:Abstract Artificial Light At Night (ALAN) is an increasing global problem that, despite being widely recognized in terrestrial systems, has been studied much less in marine habitats. In this study we investigated the effect of ALAN on behavioral and physiological traits of Concholepas concholepas, an important keystone species of the south-eastern Pacific coast. We used juveniles collected in intertidal habitats that had not previously been exposed to ALAN. In the laboratory we exposed them to two treatments: darkness and white LED (Lighting Emitting Diodes) to test for the impacts of ALAN on Prey-Searching behavior, self-righting time and metabolism. In the field, the distribution of juveniles was observed during daylight-hours to determine whether C. concholepas preferred shaded or illuminated microhabitats. Moreover, we compared the abundance of juveniles collected during day- and night-time hours. The laboratory experiments demonstrated that juveniles of C. concholepas seek out and choose their Prey more efficiently in darkened areas. White LED illuminated conditions increased righting times and metabolism. Field surveys indicated that, during daylight hours, juveniles were more abundant in shaded micro-habitats than in illuminated ones. However, during darkness hours, individuals were not seen to aggregate in any particular microhabitats. We conclude that the exposure to ALAN might disrupt important behavioral and physiological traits of small juveniles in this species which, as a mechanism to avoid visual predators, are mainly active at night. It follows that ALAN in coastal areas might modify the entire community structure of intertidal habitats by altering the behavior of this keystone species.
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effects of elevated carbon dioxide and temperature on locomotion and the repeatability of lateralization in a keystone marine mollusc
The Journal of Experimental Biology, 2017Co-Authors: Paolo Domenici, Rodrigo Torres, Patricio H ManriquezAbstract:ABSTRACT Recent work has shown that the behaviour of marine organisms can be affected by elevated P CO 2 , although little is known about the effect of multiple stressors. We therefore investigated the effect of elevated P CO 2 and temperature on locomotion and behaviour during Prey Searching in the marine gastropod Concholepas concholepas , a predator characteristic of the southeastern Pacific coast. Movement duration, decision time, route finding and lateralization were measured using a T-maze tank with a Prey positioned behind a barrier. Four treatments, representing present day and near-future scenarios of ocean acidification and warming were used in rearing the individuals for 6 months. Regardless of the treatment, no significant differences were found in relative and absolute lateralization before and after exposure for 6 months. However, relative lateralization was not repeatable for animals tested after 6 months at elevated P CO 2 at both experimental temperatures, whereas it was repeatable in individuals kept at the present day level of P CO 2 . We suggest that these effects may be related to a behavioural malfunction caused by elevated P CO 2 . Movement duration, decision time and route finding were not repeatable. However, movement duration and decision time increased and route finding decreased in elevated P CO 2 (at 15°C), suggesting that elevated P CO 2 has negative effects on the locomotor and sensory performance of C. concholepas in the presence of a Prey odour, thereby decreasing their ability to forage efficiently.
Cristian Duarte - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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artificial light pollution influences behavioral and physiological traits in a keystone predator species concholepas concholepas
Science of The Total Environment, 2019Co-Authors: Patricio H Manriquez, Maria Elisa Jara, Maria Isabel Diaz, Pedro A Quijon, Stephen Widdicombe, Jose Pulgar, Karen Manriquez, Diego Quintanillaahumada, Cristian DuarteAbstract:Abstract Artificial Light At Night (ALAN) is an increasing global problem that, despite being widely recognized in terrestrial systems, has been studied much less in marine habitats. In this study we investigated the effect of ALAN on behavioral and physiological traits of Concholepas concholepas, an important keystone species of the south-eastern Pacific coast. We used juveniles collected in intertidal habitats that had not previously been exposed to ALAN. In the laboratory we exposed them to two treatments: darkness and white LED (Lighting Emitting Diodes) to test for the impacts of ALAN on Prey-Searching behavior, self-righting time and metabolism. In the field, the distribution of juveniles was observed during daylight-hours to determine whether C. concholepas preferred shaded or illuminated microhabitats. Moreover, we compared the abundance of juveniles collected during day- and night-time hours. The laboratory experiments demonstrated that juveniles of C. concholepas seek out and choose their Prey more efficiently in darkened areas. White LED illuminated conditions increased righting times and metabolism. Field surveys indicated that, during daylight hours, juveniles were more abundant in shaded micro-habitats than in illuminated ones. However, during darkness hours, individuals were not seen to aggregate in any particular microhabitats. We conclude that the exposure to ALAN might disrupt important behavioral and physiological traits of small juveniles in this species which, as a mechanism to avoid visual predators, are mainly active at night. It follows that ALAN in coastal areas might modify the entire community structure of intertidal habitats by altering the behavior of this keystone species.
Robert S Batty - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of turbidity on the spontaneous and Prey Searching activity of juvenile atlantic cod gadus morhua
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 2007Co-Authors: Justin J Meager, Robert S BattyAbstract:attenuation m K1 ) had little effect on the foraging rate of juvenile cod. Although this was attributed to cod using chemoreception in conjunction with vision to locate Prey, foraging rates may also be maintained by increased activity. Higher activity, however, is energetically costly and may offset benefits from increased foraging return. We examined the effects of turbidity on Prey Searching and spontaneous activity of juvenile cod in the laboratory, by measuring activity with and without Prey cues. Activity of juvenile cod was nonlinearly affected by turbidity and was lower at intermediate turbidity, regardless of the presence of Prey odour. Activity increased over time when Prey odour was present and decreased when absent, but the effects of Prey odour were similar across all turbidity levels. Position in the tank was unaffected by turbidity or Prey odour. Reduced activity at intermediate turbidities is likely to offset longer Preysearch times. At high turbidity (greater than 17 m K1 ), both longer Prey-search times and higher
Elton Silva - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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light pollution affects nesting behavior of loggerhead turtles and predation risk of nests and hatchlings
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B-biology, 2017Co-Authors: Elton Silva, Adolfo Marco, Jesemine Da Graca, Hector Perez, Elena Abella, Juan Patinomartinez, Samir Martins, Corrine AlmeidaAbstract:The introduction of artificial light into wildlife habitats is a rapidly expanding aspect of global change, which has many negative impacts on a wide range of taxa. In this experimental study, which took place on a beach located on the island of Boa Vista (Cabo Verde), three types of artificial light were tested on nesting loggerhead sea turtles as well as on ghost crabs, which intensively predate on nests and hatchlings, to determine the effects they would produce on the behavior of both species. Over the course of 36days, female loggerheads and ghost crabs were studied under yellow, orange and red lights, with observations also being made on dark nights that served as a control treatment. During this period, the frequencies of nesting attempts, the time taken by turtles to complete each phase of the nesting process, and ghost crab abundance and behaviors were carefully recorded. 1146 loggerhead nesting attempts were observed and recorded during the experiments, and results showed a decrease in nesting attempts of at least 20% when artificial lighting was present. A significant decline in successful attempts was also observed within the central sections of the beach, which corresponded to those that received more light. This artificial lighting significantly increased the time that turtles spent on the nesting process and forced them to do more extensive beach crawls. Despite this, the presence of light had no apparent effect on the final selection of the nesting site. Yellow and orange lights significantly disrupted the sea finding behavior and turtles were often unable to orient themselves seaward under these color lights. Disoriented turtles were observed crawling in circuitous paths in front of the light source for several minutes. In addition, artificial lights had the potential to increase the number of ghost crabs present within the illuminated stretches of the beach. However, only yellow lighting produced a significant change on aggressive and Prey Searching behaviors. These changes in abundance and behavior could cause a greater predation on loggerhead turtle nests. Red light had no significant impact on the behavior of either species. It should be a priority to enforce preventive measures and light mitigation strategies to ensure the conservation of important loggerhead rookeries.