The Experts below are selected from a list of 46953 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Joseph Ladou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • printed circuit board industry
    International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2006
    Co-Authors: Joseph Ladou
    Abstract:

    The printed circuit board is the platform upon which microelectronic components such as semiconductor chips and capacitors are mounted. It provides the electrical interconnections between components and is found in virtually all electronics products. Once considered low technology, the printed circuit board is evolving into a high-technology product. printed circuit board manufacturing is highly complicated, requiring large equipment investments and over 50 process steps. Many of the high-speed, miniaturized printed circuit boards are now manufactured in cleanrooms with the same health and safety problems posed by other microelectronics manufacturing. Asia produces three-fourths of the world's printed circuit boards. In Asian countries, glycol ethers are the major solvents used in the printed circuit board industry. Large quantities of hazardous chemicals such as formaldehyde, dimethylformamide, and lead are used by the printed circuit board industry. For decades, chemically intensive and often sloppy manufacturing processes exposed tens of thousands of workers to a large number of chemicals that are now known to be reproductive toxicants and carcinogens. The printed circuit board industry has exposed workers to high doses of toxic metals, solvents, acids, and photolithographic chemicals. Only recently has there been any serious effort to diminish the quantity of lead distributed worldwide by the printed circuit board industry. Billions of electronics products have been discarded in every region of the world. This paper summarizes recent regulatory and enforcement efforts.

  • printed circuit board industry
    International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2006
    Co-Authors: Joseph Ladou
    Abstract:

    The printed circuit board is the platform upon which microelectronic components such as semiconductor chips and capacitors are mounted. It provides the electrical interconnections between components and is found in virtually all electronics products. Once considered low technology, the printed circuit board is evolving into a high-technology product. printed circuit board manufacturing is highly complicated, requiring large equipment investments and over 50 process steps. Many of the high-speed, miniaturized printed circuit boards are now manufactured in cleanrooms with the same health and safety problems posed by other microelectronics manufacturing. Asia produces three-fourths of the world's printed circuit boards. In Asian countries, glycol ethers are the major solvents used in the printed circuit board industry. Large quantities of hazardous chemicals such as formaldehyde, dimethylformamide, and lead are used by the printed circuit board industry. For decades, chemically intensive and often sloppy manufacturing processes exposed tens of thousands of workers to a large number of chemicals that are now known to be reproductive toxicants and carcinogens. The printed circuit board industry has exposed workers to high doses of toxic metals, solvents, acids, and photolithographic chemicals. Only recently has there been any serious effort to diminish the quantity of lead distributed worldwide by the printed circuit board industry. Billions of electronics products have been discarded in every region of the world. This paper summarizes recent regulatory and enforcement efforts. ?? 2006 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Martin A M Gijs - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • printed circuit board integrated fluxgate sensor
    Sensors and Actuators A-physical, 2000
    Co-Authors: O. Dezuari, E. Belloy, S E Gilbert, Martin A M Gijs
    Abstract:

    We have developed a cheap and simple trilayer printed circuit board (PCB)-based technology, adapted for the fabrication of fluxgate magnetic sensors. The two outer layers of the PCB stack comprise the electrical windings of the fluxgate, while the inner layer is made of patterned amorphous magnetic core with extremely high relative magnetic permeability (µr100,000). The output voltage and the sensitivity of the fluxgate devices have been studied as a function of the external field and of the geometry of the magnetic core. We have found a relatively high sensitivity of 18 V/T at an excitation current frequency of 10 kHz. The results obtained clearly show the potential of this miniaturised fluxgate device for application as a magnetic field sensor. Keywords: Fluxgate sensor; Sensitivity; High permeability; Compass; Vitrovac®; printed circuit board (PCB)

S.c. Tang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

O. Dezuari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • printed circuit board integrated fluxgate sensor
    Sensors and Actuators A-physical, 2000
    Co-Authors: O. Dezuari, E. Belloy, S E Gilbert, Martin A M Gijs
    Abstract:

    We have developed a cheap and simple trilayer printed circuit board (PCB)-based technology, adapted for the fabrication of fluxgate magnetic sensors. The two outer layers of the PCB stack comprise the electrical windings of the fluxgate, while the inner layer is made of patterned amorphous magnetic core with extremely high relative magnetic permeability (µr100,000). The output voltage and the sensitivity of the fluxgate devices have been studied as a function of the external field and of the geometry of the magnetic core. We have found a relatively high sensitivity of 18 V/T at an excitation current frequency of 10 kHz. The results obtained clearly show the potential of this miniaturised fluxgate device for application as a magnetic field sensor. Keywords: Fluxgate sensor; Sensitivity; High permeability; Compass; Vitrovac®; printed circuit board (PCB)

H.s.h. Chung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • characterization of coreless printed circuit board pcb transformers
    IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2000
    Co-Authors: S.c. Tang, S. Y. Hui, H.s.h. Chung
    Abstract:

    In this paper, coreless printed-circuit-board transformers are characterized. A range of coreless printed circuit board (PCB) transformers with different geometric parameters have been fabricated and tested. Based on a recently reported analytic method, the self inductance of these transformers is calculated. This analytical method is also extended to cover the prediction of the transformers' mutual inductance. All calculated parameters have been confirmed with measurements for the frequency range from 100 kHz to 30 MHz. These results provide useful information for the optimal design of coreless PCB transformers.