The Experts below are selected from a list of 198 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Nabil G. Seidah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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COMPLETE SEQUENCE OF THE GLYCOSYLATED AMINO TERMINAL SEGMENT OF PORCINE Pro‐Opiomelanocortin
International Journal of Peptide and Protein Research, 2009Co-Authors: N. Larivière, Nabil G. Seidah, Michel ChrétienAbstract:: The complete sequence of an anterior pituitary glycopeptide corresponding to the first 80 amino acid residues of the amino terminal of Pro-Opiomelanocortin (POMC) after excision of the signal peptide is reported. This peptide isolated from pig pituitaries shows considerable sequence conservation with its predicted homologues from bovine, murine and human species.
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Pro Opiomelanocortin related peptides Prohormone convertases 1 and 2 and the regulatory peptide 7b2 are present in melanosomes of human melanocytes
Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 2000Co-Authors: Eva M J Peters, Desmond J Tobin, Karin U Schallreuter, Nabil G. SeidahAbstract:Recently, it has been shown that α-melanocyte stimulating hormone can directly activate tyrosinase by removing the allosteric regulator 6(R)-L-erythro 5,6,7,8 tetrahydrobiopterin resulting in a stable α-melanocyte stimulating hormone/6(R)-L-erythro 5,6,7,8 tetrahydrobiopterin complex. As melanin Production occurs in the melanosome, a specific organelle of the melanocyte, it seemed important to investigate whether these organelles themselves actually Produce Pro-Opiomelanocortin-related peptides in their acidic environment. The presence of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone and adrenocorticotropin in the epidermis and melanocytes has been shown by several investigators. In order to follow possible Pro-Opiomelanocortin Processing in the melanosome, human melanocytes were established in MCDB 153 medium and utilized for immunohistochemistry, immunogold electron micro- scopy, and western blotting. For this purpose antibodies against α-melanocyte stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropin, Prohormone convertases 1 and 2 (PC1 and PC2) and the PC2 regulatory Protein 7B2 were used. Our results demonstrated the presence of the entire system for Pro-Opiomelanocortin Processing in the melanosome. Considering the pH optima of these convertases, the results are in agreement with an autocrine intramelanosomal Production of Pro- Opiomelanocortin-related peptides and an autocrine Production and recycling of the cofactor 6(R)-L- erythro 5,6,7,8 tetrahydrobiopterin in melanocytes. Based on these novel observations, we would like to Propose that the pigmentation Process may not necessarily involve a melanocortin-1 receptor-mediated mechanism.
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Tissue-specific and substrate-specific endoProteolytic cleavage of monkey Pro-Opiomelanocortin in heterologous endocrine cells: Processing at Lys-Lys dibasic pairs.
Neuroendocrinology, 1993Co-Authors: Yasuko Ueda, Nabil G. Seidah, Donald K. Martin, Jack E. Dixon, Huda AkilAbstract:This study compares the Processing of Pro-Opiomelanocortin (POMC) at two Lys-Lys cleavage sites, located in the carboxy-terminal domain of the precursor; one site marking the amino terminus of β-melan
Kevin W Williams - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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functional heterogeneity of arcuate nucleus Pro Opiomelanocortin neurons implications for diverging melanocortin pathways
Molecular Neurobiology, 2012Co-Authors: Jong Woo Sohn, Kevin W WilliamsAbstract:Arcuate nucleus (ARC) Pro-Opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons are essential regulators of food intake, energy expenditure, and glucose homeostasis. POMC neurons integrate several key metabolic signals that include neurotransmitters and hormones. The change in activity of POMC neurons is relayed to melanocortin receptors in distinct regions of the central nervous system. This review will summarize the role of leptin and serotonin receptors in regulating the activity of POMC neurons and Provide a model in which different melanocortin pathways regulate energy and glucose homeostasis.
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5 ht2crs expressed by Pro Opiomelanocortin neurons regulate insulin sensitivity in liver
Nature Neuroscience, 2010Co-Authors: Yong Xu, Eric D Berglund, Jong Woo Sohn, William L Holland, Jen Chieh Chuang, Makoto Fukuda, Jari Rossi, Kevin W Williams, Juli E JonesAbstract:5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptors (5-HT2CRs) in the brain have been shown to regulate glucose homeostasis. Xu and colleagues find that 5-HT2CRs expressed specifically by hypothalamic Pro-Opiomelanocortin neurons are involved in the regulation of insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in liver.
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5 ht2crs expressed by Pro Opiomelanocortin neurons regulate energy homeostasis
Neuron, 2008Co-Authors: Yong Xu, Kevin W Williams, Juli E Jones, Daisuke Kohno, Michelle J Choi, Jason G Anderson, Lora K Heisler, Jeffrey M Zigman, Bradford B Lowell, Joel K ElmquistAbstract:Drugs activating 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptors (5-HT2CRs) potently suppress appetite, but the underlying mechanisms for these effects are not fully understood. To tackle this issue, we generated mice with global 5-HT2CR deficiency (2C null) and mice with 5-HT2CRs re-expression only in Pro-Opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons (2C/POMC mice). We show that 2C null mice predictably developed hyperphagia, hyperactivity, and obesity and showed attenuated responses to anorexigenic 5-HT drugs. Remarkably, all these deficiencies were normalized in 2C/POMC mice. These results demonstrate that 5-HT2CR expression solely in POMC neurons is sufficient to mediate effects of serotoninergic compounds on food intake. The findings also highlight the physiological relevance of the 5-HT2CR-melanocortin circuitry in the long-term regulation of energy balance.
Yong Xu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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5 ht2crs expressed by Pro Opiomelanocortin neurons regulate insulin sensitivity in liver
Nature Neuroscience, 2010Co-Authors: Yong Xu, Eric D Berglund, Jong Woo Sohn, William L Holland, Jen Chieh Chuang, Makoto Fukuda, Jari Rossi, Kevin W Williams, Juli E JonesAbstract:5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptors (5-HT2CRs) in the brain have been shown to regulate glucose homeostasis. Xu and colleagues find that 5-HT2CRs expressed specifically by hypothalamic Pro-Opiomelanocortin neurons are involved in the regulation of insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in liver.
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5 ht2crs expressed by Pro Opiomelanocortin neurons regulate energy homeostasis
Neuron, 2008Co-Authors: Yong Xu, Kevin W Williams, Juli E Jones, Daisuke Kohno, Michelle J Choi, Jason G Anderson, Lora K Heisler, Jeffrey M Zigman, Bradford B Lowell, Joel K ElmquistAbstract:Drugs activating 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptors (5-HT2CRs) potently suppress appetite, but the underlying mechanisms for these effects are not fully understood. To tackle this issue, we generated mice with global 5-HT2CR deficiency (2C null) and mice with 5-HT2CRs re-expression only in Pro-Opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons (2C/POMC mice). We show that 2C null mice predictably developed hyperphagia, hyperactivity, and obesity and showed attenuated responses to anorexigenic 5-HT drugs. Remarkably, all these deficiencies were normalized in 2C/POMC mice. These results demonstrate that 5-HT2CR expression solely in POMC neurons is sufficient to mediate effects of serotoninergic compounds on food intake. The findings also highlight the physiological relevance of the 5-HT2CR-melanocortin circuitry in the long-term regulation of energy balance.
Juli E Jones - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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5 ht2crs expressed by Pro Opiomelanocortin neurons regulate insulin sensitivity in liver
Nature Neuroscience, 2010Co-Authors: Yong Xu, Eric D Berglund, Jong Woo Sohn, William L Holland, Jen Chieh Chuang, Makoto Fukuda, Jari Rossi, Kevin W Williams, Juli E JonesAbstract:5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptors (5-HT2CRs) in the brain have been shown to regulate glucose homeostasis. Xu and colleagues find that 5-HT2CRs expressed specifically by hypothalamic Pro-Opiomelanocortin neurons are involved in the regulation of insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in liver.
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5 ht2crs expressed by Pro Opiomelanocortin neurons regulate energy homeostasis
Neuron, 2008Co-Authors: Yong Xu, Kevin W Williams, Juli E Jones, Daisuke Kohno, Michelle J Choi, Jason G Anderson, Lora K Heisler, Jeffrey M Zigman, Bradford B Lowell, Joel K ElmquistAbstract:Drugs activating 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptors (5-HT2CRs) potently suppress appetite, but the underlying mechanisms for these effects are not fully understood. To tackle this issue, we generated mice with global 5-HT2CR deficiency (2C null) and mice with 5-HT2CRs re-expression only in Pro-Opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons (2C/POMC mice). We show that 2C null mice predictably developed hyperphagia, hyperactivity, and obesity and showed attenuated responses to anorexigenic 5-HT drugs. Remarkably, all these deficiencies were normalized in 2C/POMC mice. These results demonstrate that 5-HT2CR expression solely in POMC neurons is sufficient to mediate effects of serotoninergic compounds on food intake. The findings also highlight the physiological relevance of the 5-HT2CR-melanocortin circuitry in the long-term regulation of energy balance.
Anthony P Coll - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of Pro Opiomelanocortin pomc on food intake and body weight mechanisms and therapeutic potential
Clinical Science, 2007Co-Authors: Anthony P CollAbstract:POMC (Pro-Opiomelanocortin) is a complex polypeptide precursor which is cleaved into smaller biologically active peptides such as the melanocortins, α-, β- and γ-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Data from human genetic and murine studies convincingly show that an intact central melanocortin signalling pathway is critical for normal energy homoeostasis. Not only does a loss of normal melanocortin signalling lead to obesity, but there are also data implicating increased melanocortin activity in the pathogenesis of cachexia. The study of POMC biology has lead to some fundamental insights into the mechanisms controlling food intake and body weight. This increased understanding of the physiological roles of the melanocortin system has opened up the potential for the design and development of rational therapies to treat perturbations in energy homoeostasis.
