The Experts below are selected from a list of 303 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Don Towsley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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quantum noise limited optical communication with low Probability of Detection
International Symposium on Information Theory, 2013Co-Authors: Boulat A Bash, Saikat Guha, Dennis Goeckel, Don TowsleyAbstract:We demonstrate the achievability of a square root limit on the amount of information transmitted reliably and with low Probability of Detection (LPD) over the single-mode lossy bosonic channel if either the eavesdropper's measurements or the channel itself is subject to the slightest amount of excess noise. Specifically, Alice can transmit O(√n) bits to Bob over n channel uses such that Bob's average codeword error Probability is upper-bounded by an arbitrarily small δ > 0 while a passive eavesdropper, Warden Willie, who is assumed to be able to collect all the transmitted photons that do not reach Bob, has an average Probability of Detection error that is lower-bounded by 1/2 - e for an arbitrarily small e > 0. We analyze the thermal noise and pure loss channels. The square root law holds for the thermal noise channel even if Willie employs a quantum-optimal measurement, while Bob is equipped with a standard coherent Detection receiver. We also show that LPD communication is not possible with coherent state transmission on the pure loss channel. However, this result assumes Willie to possess an ideal receiver that is not subject to excess noise. If Willie is restricted to a practical receiver with a non-zero dark current, the square root law is achievable on the pure loss channel.
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square root law for communication with low Probability of Detection on awgn channels
International Symposium on Information Theory, 2012Co-Authors: Boulat A Bash, Dennis Goeckel, Don TowsleyAbstract:We present a square root limit on low Probability of Detection (LPD) communication over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels. Specifically, if a warden has an AWGN channel to the transmitter with non-zero noise power, we prove that o(√n) bits can be sent from the transmitter to the receiver in n AWGN channel uses with Probability of Detection by the warden less than e for any ∊ > 0, and, if a lower bound on the noise power on the warden's channel is known, then O(√n) bits can be covertly sent in n channel uses. Conversely, trying to transmit more than O(√n) bits either results in Detection by the warden with Probability one or a non-zero Probability of decoding error as n → ∞. Further, we show that LPD communication on the AWGN channel allows one to send a nonzero symbol on every channel use, in contrast to what might be expected from the square root law found recently in image-based steganography.
Boulat A Bash - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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quantum noise limited optical communication with low Probability of Detection
International Symposium on Information Theory, 2013Co-Authors: Boulat A Bash, Saikat Guha, Dennis Goeckel, Don TowsleyAbstract:We demonstrate the achievability of a square root limit on the amount of information transmitted reliably and with low Probability of Detection (LPD) over the single-mode lossy bosonic channel if either the eavesdropper's measurements or the channel itself is subject to the slightest amount of excess noise. Specifically, Alice can transmit O(√n) bits to Bob over n channel uses such that Bob's average codeword error Probability is upper-bounded by an arbitrarily small δ > 0 while a passive eavesdropper, Warden Willie, who is assumed to be able to collect all the transmitted photons that do not reach Bob, has an average Probability of Detection error that is lower-bounded by 1/2 - e for an arbitrarily small e > 0. We analyze the thermal noise and pure loss channels. The square root law holds for the thermal noise channel even if Willie employs a quantum-optimal measurement, while Bob is equipped with a standard coherent Detection receiver. We also show that LPD communication is not possible with coherent state transmission on the pure loss channel. However, this result assumes Willie to possess an ideal receiver that is not subject to excess noise. If Willie is restricted to a practical receiver with a non-zero dark current, the square root law is achievable on the pure loss channel.
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square root law for communication with low Probability of Detection on awgn channels
International Symposium on Information Theory, 2012Co-Authors: Boulat A Bash, Dennis Goeckel, Don TowsleyAbstract:We present a square root limit on low Probability of Detection (LPD) communication over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels. Specifically, if a warden has an AWGN channel to the transmitter with non-zero noise power, we prove that o(√n) bits can be sent from the transmitter to the receiver in n AWGN channel uses with Probability of Detection by the warden less than e for any ∊ > 0, and, if a lower bound on the noise power on the warden's channel is known, then O(√n) bits can be covertly sent in n channel uses. Conversely, trying to transmit more than O(√n) bits either results in Detection by the warden with Probability one or a non-zero Probability of decoding error as n → ∞. Further, we show that LPD communication on the AWGN channel allows one to send a nonzero symbol on every channel use, in contrast to what might be expected from the square root law found recently in image-based steganography.
Dennis Goeckel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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quantum noise limited optical communication with low Probability of Detection
International Symposium on Information Theory, 2013Co-Authors: Boulat A Bash, Saikat Guha, Dennis Goeckel, Don TowsleyAbstract:We demonstrate the achievability of a square root limit on the amount of information transmitted reliably and with low Probability of Detection (LPD) over the single-mode lossy bosonic channel if either the eavesdropper's measurements or the channel itself is subject to the slightest amount of excess noise. Specifically, Alice can transmit O(√n) bits to Bob over n channel uses such that Bob's average codeword error Probability is upper-bounded by an arbitrarily small δ > 0 while a passive eavesdropper, Warden Willie, who is assumed to be able to collect all the transmitted photons that do not reach Bob, has an average Probability of Detection error that is lower-bounded by 1/2 - e for an arbitrarily small e > 0. We analyze the thermal noise and pure loss channels. The square root law holds for the thermal noise channel even if Willie employs a quantum-optimal measurement, while Bob is equipped with a standard coherent Detection receiver. We also show that LPD communication is not possible with coherent state transmission on the pure loss channel. However, this result assumes Willie to possess an ideal receiver that is not subject to excess noise. If Willie is restricted to a practical receiver with a non-zero dark current, the square root law is achievable on the pure loss channel.
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square root law for communication with low Probability of Detection on awgn channels
International Symposium on Information Theory, 2012Co-Authors: Boulat A Bash, Dennis Goeckel, Don TowsleyAbstract:We present a square root limit on low Probability of Detection (LPD) communication over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels. Specifically, if a warden has an AWGN channel to the transmitter with non-zero noise power, we prove that o(√n) bits can be sent from the transmitter to the receiver in n AWGN channel uses with Probability of Detection by the warden less than e for any ∊ > 0, and, if a lower bound on the noise power on the warden's channel is known, then O(√n) bits can be covertly sent in n channel uses. Conversely, trying to transmit more than O(√n) bits either results in Detection by the warden with Probability one or a non-zero Probability of decoding error as n → ∞. Further, we show that LPD communication on the AWGN channel allows one to send a nonzero symbol on every channel use, in contrast to what might be expected from the square root law found recently in image-based steganography.
Edward R. Generazio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Binomial Test Method for Determining Probability of Detection Capability for Fracture Critical Applications
2013Co-Authors: Edward R. GenerazioAbstract:The capability of an inspection system is established by applications of various methodologies to determine the Probability of Detection (POD). One accepted metric of an adequate inspection system is that for a minimum flaw size and all greater flaw sizes, there is 0.90 Probability of Detection with 95% confidence (90/95 POD). Directed design of experiments for Probability of Detection (DOEPOD) has been developed to provide an efficient and accurate methodology that yields estimates of POD and confidence bounds for both Hit-Miss or signal amplitude testing, where signal amplitudes are reduced to Hit-Miss by using a signal threshold Directed DOEPOD uses a nonparametric approach for the analysis or inspection data that does require any assumptions about the particular functional form of a POD function. The DOEPOD procedure identifies, for a given sample set whether or not the minimum requirement of 0.90 Probability of Detection with 95% confidence is demonstrated for a minimum flaw size and for all greater flaw sizes (90/95 POD). The DOEPOD procedures are sequentially executed in order to minimize the number of samples needed to demonstrate that there is a 90/95 POD lower confidence bound at a given flaw size and that the POD is monotonic for flaw sizes exceeding that 90/95 POD flaw size. The conservativeness of the DOEPOD methodology results is discussed. Validated guidelines for binomial estimation of POD for fracture critical inspection are established.
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Design of Experiments for Validating Probability of Detection Capability of NDT Systems and for Qualification of Inspectors
Materials evaluation, 2009Co-Authors: Edward R. GenerazioAbstract:The capability of a testing system is established by application of various methodologies to determine the Probability of Detection (POD). One accepted metric of an adequate testing system is that there is 95% confidence that the POD is greater than 90% (90/95 POD). Design of experiments for validating Probability of Detection (DOEPOD) capability of nondestructive testing systems is a diagnostic tool providing detailed analysis of POD test data, guidance on establishing data distribution requirements and resolving test issues. DOEPOD demands utilization of observation of occurrences. The DOEPOD capability has been developed to provide an efficient and accurate methodology that yields observed POD and confidence limits for both hit/miss or signal amplitude testing. DOEPOD does not assume prescribed POD logarithmic or similar functions with assumed adequacy over a wide range of discontinuity sizes and testing system technologies, so multiparameter curve fitting or model optimization approaches to generate a POD curve are not required. DOEPOD applications for supporting inspector qualifications are discussed. KEYWORDS: Probability of Detection, design of experiments, fracture critical, nondestructive testing, quality assurance.
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Directed Design of Experiments for Validating Probability of Detection Capability of NDE Systems (DOEPOD)
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2008Co-Authors: Edward R. GenerazioAbstract:The capability of an inspection system is established by applications of various methodologies to determine the Probability of Detection (POD). One accepted metric of an adequate inspection system is that there is 95% confidence that the POD is greater than 90% (90/95 POD). Directed design of experiments for Probability of Detection (DOEPOD) has been developed to provide an efficient and accurate methodology that yields observed POD and confidence bounds for both Hit‐Miss or signal amplitude testing. Specifically, DOEPOD demands utilization of observance of occurrences. Directed DOEPOD does not assume prescribed POD logarithmic or similar functions with assumed adequacy over a wide range of flaw sizes and inspection system technologies, so that multi‐parameter curve fitting or model optimization approaches to generate a POD curve are not required.
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Directed Design of Experiments (DOE) for Determining Probability of Detection (POD) Capability of NDE Systems (DOEPOD)
2007Co-Authors: Edward R. GenerazioAbstract:This viewgraph presentation reviews some of the issues that people who specialize in Non destructive evaluation (NDE) have with determining the statistics of the Probability of Detection. There is discussion of the use of the binominal distribution, and the Probability of hit. The presentation then reviews the concepts of Directed Design of Experiments for Validating Probability of Detection of Inspection Systems (DOEPOD). Several cases are reviewed, and discussed. The concept of false calls is also reviewed.
Lutz Grohmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Validation of qualitative PCR methods on the basis of mathematical–statistical modelling of the Probability of Detection
Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 2015Co-Authors: Steffen Uhlig, Kirstin Frost, Bertrand Colson, Kirsten Simon, Dietrich Mäde, Ralf Reiting, Petra Gowik, Lutz GrohmannAbstract:A new model for the Probability of Detection ( POD curve) for qualitative PCR methods examined in a method validation collaborative study is presented. The model allows the calculation of the POD curve and the limit of Detection ( LOD _95%), i.e. the number of copies of the target DNA sequence required to ensure 95 % Probability of Detection. The between-laboratory variability of the limit of Detection is used to derive the between-laboratory reproducibility of the PCR method. The model is closely related to the approach for quantitative methods described in ISO 5725.2: 2002 , and the relative limit of Detection approach described in the new standard ISO 16140-2: 2014 .
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validation of qualitative pcr methods on the basis of mathematical statistical modelling of the Probability of Detection
Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 2015Co-Authors: Steffen Uhlig, Kirstin Frost, Bertrand Colson, Kirsten Simon, Dietrich Mäde, Ralf Reiting, Petra Gowik, Lutz GrohmannAbstract:A new model for the Probability of Detection (POD curve) for qualitative PCR methods examined in a method validation collaborative study is presented. The model allows the calculation of the POD curve and the limit of Detection (LOD95%), i.e. the number of copies of the target DNA sequence required to ensure 95 % Probability of Detection. The between-laboratory variability of the limit of Detection is used to derive the between-laboratory reproducibility of the PCR method. The model is closely related to the approach for quantitative methods described in ISO 5725.2:2002, and the relative limit of Detection approach described in the new standard ISO 16140-2:2014.
