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B D Roddie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • potential impact of production Chemicals on the toxicity of produced water discharges from north sea oil platforms
    Marine Pollution Bulletin, 1999
    Co-Authors: S B Henderson, S J W Grigson, P Johnson, B D Roddie
    Abstract:

    Abstract Production Chemicals are used on offshore oil production platforms to prevent corrosion and scale formation, and to assist oil–water separation. A proportion of these Chemicals may enter the marine environment via the produced water discharge. This study investigated the potential impact of 11 oilfield production Chemicals on the toxicity of the produced water discharge. The Microtox® system was used for toxicity assessment of the Chemicals, both directly in aqueous preparations and following their partitioning between oil (crude and low toxicity mineral base oil) and North Sea brine. For the majority of the Chemicals tested, the toxicity of the aqueous phase to the test organism following partitioning against crude oil, was not significantly altered by the presence of Process Chemicals when used in their normal field dosage concentrations. However, there was evidence that certain Chemicals could increase the partitioning of oil components into the aqueous phase by an order of magnitude, when applied at high dosage concentrations.

S B Henderson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • potential impact of production Chemicals on the toxicity of produced water discharges from north sea oil platforms
    Marine Pollution Bulletin, 1999
    Co-Authors: S B Henderson, S J W Grigson, P Johnson, B D Roddie
    Abstract:

    Abstract Production Chemicals are used on offshore oil production platforms to prevent corrosion and scale formation, and to assist oil–water separation. A proportion of these Chemicals may enter the marine environment via the produced water discharge. This study investigated the potential impact of 11 oilfield production Chemicals on the toxicity of the produced water discharge. The Microtox® system was used for toxicity assessment of the Chemicals, both directly in aqueous preparations and following their partitioning between oil (crude and low toxicity mineral base oil) and North Sea brine. For the majority of the Chemicals tested, the toxicity of the aqueous phase to the test organism following partitioning against crude oil, was not significantly altered by the presence of Process Chemicals when used in their normal field dosage concentrations. However, there was evidence that certain Chemicals could increase the partitioning of oil components into the aqueous phase by an order of magnitude, when applied at high dosage concentrations.

Brenda J Little - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • microbiologically influenced corrosion
    Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Brenda J Little
    Abstract:

    The term microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is used to designate corrosion due to the presence and activities of microorganisms, ie, those organisms that cannot be seen individually with the unaided human eye, including microalgae, archaea, bacteria, and fungi. Microorganisms can accelerate rates of partial reactions in corrosion Processes or shift the mechanism for corrosion. Microorganisms can influence pitting, dealloying, enhanced erosion corrosion, enhanced galvanic corrosion, stress corrosion cracking, and hydrogen embrittlement. Microbiologically influenced corrosion has been reported for all engineering metals and alloys with the exception of predominantly titanium and high chromium–nickel alloys. It has been documented for metals and nonmetals exposed to seawater, freshwater, distilled/demineralized water, crude and distillate hydrocarbon fuels, Process Chemicals, foodstuffs, soils, human plasma, saliva, and sewage. The following sections describe the estimated costs of MIC, mechanisms, and causative microorganisms contributing to MIC; techniques for diagnosing, measuring, and monitoring; engineering practices that influence MIC and strategies to prevent or mitigate MIC. Keywords: corrosion; MIC; microbiologically influenced corrosion; alloys

  • microbiologically influenced corrosion
    2007
    Co-Authors: Brenda J Little
    Abstract:

    Abstract : The term microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is used to designate corrosion due to the presence and activities of microorganisms, i.e., those organisms that cannot be seen individually with the unaided human eye, including microalgae, archaea, bacteria, and fungi. Microorganisms can accelerate rates or partial reactions in corrosion Processes or shift the mechanism for corrosion. Microorganisms can influence pitting, dealloying, enhanced erosion corrosion, enhanced galvanic corrosion, stress corrosion cracking, and hydrogen embrittlement. Microbiologically influenced corrosion has been reported for all engineering metal and alloys with the exception of predominantly titanium and high chromium -nickel alloys. It has been documented for metals and nonmetals exposed to seawater, freshwater, distilled/demineralized water, crude and distillate hydrocarbon fuels, Process Chemicals, foodstuffs, soils, human plasma, saliva, and sewage. The following sections describe the estimated costs of MIC, mechanisms, and causative microorganisms contributing to MIC; techniques for diagnosing, measuring, and monitoring; engineering practices that influence MIC and strategies to prevent or mitigate MIC.

P Johnson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • potential impact of production Chemicals on the toxicity of produced water discharges from north sea oil platforms
    Marine Pollution Bulletin, 1999
    Co-Authors: S B Henderson, S J W Grigson, P Johnson, B D Roddie
    Abstract:

    Abstract Production Chemicals are used on offshore oil production platforms to prevent corrosion and scale formation, and to assist oil–water separation. A proportion of these Chemicals may enter the marine environment via the produced water discharge. This study investigated the potential impact of 11 oilfield production Chemicals on the toxicity of the produced water discharge. The Microtox® system was used for toxicity assessment of the Chemicals, both directly in aqueous preparations and following their partitioning between oil (crude and low toxicity mineral base oil) and North Sea brine. For the majority of the Chemicals tested, the toxicity of the aqueous phase to the test organism following partitioning against crude oil, was not significantly altered by the presence of Process Chemicals when used in their normal field dosage concentrations. However, there was evidence that certain Chemicals could increase the partitioning of oil components into the aqueous phase by an order of magnitude, when applied at high dosage concentrations.

S J W Grigson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • potential impact of production Chemicals on the toxicity of produced water discharges from north sea oil platforms
    Marine Pollution Bulletin, 1999
    Co-Authors: S B Henderson, S J W Grigson, P Johnson, B D Roddie
    Abstract:

    Abstract Production Chemicals are used on offshore oil production platforms to prevent corrosion and scale formation, and to assist oil–water separation. A proportion of these Chemicals may enter the marine environment via the produced water discharge. This study investigated the potential impact of 11 oilfield production Chemicals on the toxicity of the produced water discharge. The Microtox® system was used for toxicity assessment of the Chemicals, both directly in aqueous preparations and following their partitioning between oil (crude and low toxicity mineral base oil) and North Sea brine. For the majority of the Chemicals tested, the toxicity of the aqueous phase to the test organism following partitioning against crude oil, was not significantly altered by the presence of Process Chemicals when used in their normal field dosage concentrations. However, there was evidence that certain Chemicals could increase the partitioning of oil components into the aqueous phase by an order of magnitude, when applied at high dosage concentrations.