The Experts below are selected from a list of 135765 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Becker E.s. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Processing of task-irrelevant emotion and colour in the Approach-Avoidance Task
    2019
    Co-Authors: Luo X., Rinck M., Bekkering H., Becker E.s.
    Abstract:

    When Processing information about human faces, we have to integrate different sources of information like skin colour and emotional expression. In 3 experiments, we investigated how these features are Processed in a top-down manner when task instructions determine the relevance of features, and in a bottom-up manner when the stimulus features themselves determine Process Priority. In Experiment 1, participants learned to respond with approach-avoidance movements to faces that presented both emotion and colour features (e.g. happy faces printed in greyscale). For each participant, only one of these two features was task-relevant while the other one could be ignored. In contrast to our predictions, we found better learning of task-irrelevant colour when emotion was task-relevant than vice versa. Experiment 2 showed that the learning of task-irrelevant emotional information was improved in general when participants' awareness was increased by adding NoGo-trials. Experiment 3 replicated these results for faces and emotional words. We conclude that during the Processing of faces, both bottom-up and top-down Processes are involved, such that task instructions and feature characteristics play a role. Ecologically significant features like emotions are not necessarily Processed with high Priority. The findings are discussed in the light of theories of attention and cognitive biases

  • The Processing of task-irrelevant emotion and colour in the Approach-Avoidance Task
    'Informa UK Limited', 2019
    Co-Authors: Luo X., Rinck M., Bekkering H., Becker E.s.
    Abstract:

    Contains fulltext : 202866.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)When Processing information about human faces, we have to integrate different sources of information like skin colour and emotional expression. In 3 experiments, we investigated how these features are Processed in a top-down manner when task instructions determine the relevance of features, and in a bottom-up manner when the stimulus features themselves determine Process Priority. In Experiment 1, participants learned to respond with approach-avoidance movements to faces that presented both emotion and colour features (e.g. happy faces printed in greyscale). For each participant, only one of these two features was task-relevant while the other one could be ignored. In contrast to our predictions, we found better learning of task-irrelevant colour when emotion was task-relevant than vice versa. Experiment 2 showed that the learning of task-irrelevant emotional information was improved in general when participants' awareness was increased by adding NoGo-trials. Experiment 3 replicated these results for faces and emotional words. We conclude that during the Processing of faces, both bottom-up and top-down Processes are involved, such that task instructions and feature characteristics play a role. Ecologically significant features like emotions are not necessarily Processed with high Priority. The findings are discussed in the light of theories of attention and cognitive biases.15 p

Mishal S Khan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • how do external donors influence national health policy Processes experiences of domestic policy actors in cambodia and pakistan
    Health Policy and Planning, 2018
    Co-Authors: Mishal S Khan, Ankita Meghani, Marco Liverani, Imara Roychowdhury, Justin Parkhurst
    Abstract:

    Although concerns have historically been raised about the influence of external donors on health policy Process in recipient countries, remarkably few studies have investigated perspectives and experiences of domestic policymakers and advisers. This study examines donor influence at different stages of the health policy Process (Priority setting, policy formulation, policy implementation and monitoring and evaluation) in two aid-dependent LMICs, Cambodia and Pakistan. It identifies mechanisms through which asymmetries in influence between donors and domestic policy actors emerge. We conducted 24 key informant interviews-14 in Pakistan and 10 in Cambodia-with high-level decision-makers who inform or authorize health Priority setting, allocate resources and/or are responsible for policy implementation, identifying three routes of influence: financial resources, technical expertise and indirect financial and political incentives. We used both inductive and deductive approaches to analyse the data. Our findings indicate that different routes of influence emerged depending on the stage of the policy Process. Control of financial resources was the most commonly identified route by which donors influenced Priority setting and policy implementation. Greater (perceived) technical expertise played an important role in donor influence at the policy formulation stage. Donors' power in influencing decisions, particularly during the final (monitoring and evaluation) stage of the policy Process, was mediated by their ability to control indirect financial and political incentives as well as direct control of financial resources. This study thus helps unpack the nuances of donor influence over health policymaking in these settings, and can potentially indicate areas that require attention to increase the ownership of domestic actors of their countries' health policy Processes.

Justin Parkhurst - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • how do external donors influence national health policy Processes experiences of domestic policy actors in cambodia and pakistan
    Health Policy and Planning, 2018
    Co-Authors: Mishal S Khan, Ankita Meghani, Marco Liverani, Imara Roychowdhury, Justin Parkhurst
    Abstract:

    Although concerns have historically been raised about the influence of external donors on health policy Process in recipient countries, remarkably few studies have investigated perspectives and experiences of domestic policymakers and advisers. This study examines donor influence at different stages of the health policy Process (Priority setting, policy formulation, policy implementation and monitoring and evaluation) in two aid-dependent LMICs, Cambodia and Pakistan. It identifies mechanisms through which asymmetries in influence between donors and domestic policy actors emerge. We conducted 24 key informant interviews-14 in Pakistan and 10 in Cambodia-with high-level decision-makers who inform or authorize health Priority setting, allocate resources and/or are responsible for policy implementation, identifying three routes of influence: financial resources, technical expertise and indirect financial and political incentives. We used both inductive and deductive approaches to analyse the data. Our findings indicate that different routes of influence emerged depending on the stage of the policy Process. Control of financial resources was the most commonly identified route by which donors influenced Priority setting and policy implementation. Greater (perceived) technical expertise played an important role in donor influence at the policy formulation stage. Donors' power in influencing decisions, particularly during the final (monitoring and evaluation) stage of the policy Process, was mediated by their ability to control indirect financial and political incentives as well as direct control of financial resources. This study thus helps unpack the nuances of donor influence over health policymaking in these settings, and can potentially indicate areas that require attention to increase the ownership of domestic actors of their countries' health policy Processes.

Luo X. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Processing of task-irrelevant emotion and colour in the Approach-Avoidance Task
    2019
    Co-Authors: Luo X., Rinck M., Bekkering H., Becker E.s.
    Abstract:

    When Processing information about human faces, we have to integrate different sources of information like skin colour and emotional expression. In 3 experiments, we investigated how these features are Processed in a top-down manner when task instructions determine the relevance of features, and in a bottom-up manner when the stimulus features themselves determine Process Priority. In Experiment 1, participants learned to respond with approach-avoidance movements to faces that presented both emotion and colour features (e.g. happy faces printed in greyscale). For each participant, only one of these two features was task-relevant while the other one could be ignored. In contrast to our predictions, we found better learning of task-irrelevant colour when emotion was task-relevant than vice versa. Experiment 2 showed that the learning of task-irrelevant emotional information was improved in general when participants' awareness was increased by adding NoGo-trials. Experiment 3 replicated these results for faces and emotional words. We conclude that during the Processing of faces, both bottom-up and top-down Processes are involved, such that task instructions and feature characteristics play a role. Ecologically significant features like emotions are not necessarily Processed with high Priority. The findings are discussed in the light of theories of attention and cognitive biases

  • The Processing of task-irrelevant emotion and colour in the Approach-Avoidance Task
    'Informa UK Limited', 2019
    Co-Authors: Luo X., Rinck M., Bekkering H., Becker E.s.
    Abstract:

    Contains fulltext : 202866.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)When Processing information about human faces, we have to integrate different sources of information like skin colour and emotional expression. In 3 experiments, we investigated how these features are Processed in a top-down manner when task instructions determine the relevance of features, and in a bottom-up manner when the stimulus features themselves determine Process Priority. In Experiment 1, participants learned to respond with approach-avoidance movements to faces that presented both emotion and colour features (e.g. happy faces printed in greyscale). For each participant, only one of these two features was task-relevant while the other one could be ignored. In contrast to our predictions, we found better learning of task-irrelevant colour when emotion was task-relevant than vice versa. Experiment 2 showed that the learning of task-irrelevant emotional information was improved in general when participants' awareness was increased by adding NoGo-trials. Experiment 3 replicated these results for faces and emotional words. We conclude that during the Processing of faces, both bottom-up and top-down Processes are involved, such that task instructions and feature characteristics play a role. Ecologically significant features like emotions are not necessarily Processed with high Priority. The findings are discussed in the light of theories of attention and cognitive biases.15 p

Bekkering H. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Processing of task-irrelevant emotion and colour in the Approach-Avoidance Task
    2019
    Co-Authors: Luo X., Rinck M., Bekkering H., Becker E.s.
    Abstract:

    When Processing information about human faces, we have to integrate different sources of information like skin colour and emotional expression. In 3 experiments, we investigated how these features are Processed in a top-down manner when task instructions determine the relevance of features, and in a bottom-up manner when the stimulus features themselves determine Process Priority. In Experiment 1, participants learned to respond with approach-avoidance movements to faces that presented both emotion and colour features (e.g. happy faces printed in greyscale). For each participant, only one of these two features was task-relevant while the other one could be ignored. In contrast to our predictions, we found better learning of task-irrelevant colour when emotion was task-relevant than vice versa. Experiment 2 showed that the learning of task-irrelevant emotional information was improved in general when participants' awareness was increased by adding NoGo-trials. Experiment 3 replicated these results for faces and emotional words. We conclude that during the Processing of faces, both bottom-up and top-down Processes are involved, such that task instructions and feature characteristics play a role. Ecologically significant features like emotions are not necessarily Processed with high Priority. The findings are discussed in the light of theories of attention and cognitive biases

  • The Processing of task-irrelevant emotion and colour in the Approach-Avoidance Task
    'Informa UK Limited', 2019
    Co-Authors: Luo X., Rinck M., Bekkering H., Becker E.s.
    Abstract:

    Contains fulltext : 202866.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)When Processing information about human faces, we have to integrate different sources of information like skin colour and emotional expression. In 3 experiments, we investigated how these features are Processed in a top-down manner when task instructions determine the relevance of features, and in a bottom-up manner when the stimulus features themselves determine Process Priority. In Experiment 1, participants learned to respond with approach-avoidance movements to faces that presented both emotion and colour features (e.g. happy faces printed in greyscale). For each participant, only one of these two features was task-relevant while the other one could be ignored. In contrast to our predictions, we found better learning of task-irrelevant colour when emotion was task-relevant than vice versa. Experiment 2 showed that the learning of task-irrelevant emotional information was improved in general when participants' awareness was increased by adding NoGo-trials. Experiment 3 replicated these results for faces and emotional words. We conclude that during the Processing of faces, both bottom-up and top-down Processes are involved, such that task instructions and feature characteristics play a role. Ecologically significant features like emotions are not necessarily Processed with high Priority. The findings are discussed in the light of theories of attention and cognitive biases.15 p