The Experts below are selected from a list of 560697 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Mogens Lund - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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relationships of Efficiency to reproductive disorders in danish milk Production a stochastic frontier analysis
Journal of Dairy Science, 2004Co-Authors: Lartey G Lawson, Jeanett Bruun, Tim Coelli, J F Agger, Mogens LundAbstract:Relationships of various reproductive disorders and milk Production performance of Danish dairy farms were investigated. A stochastic frontier Production function was estimated using data collected in 1998 from 514 Danish dairy farms. Measures of farm-level milk Production Efficiency relative to this Production frontier were obtained, and relationships between milk Production Efficiency and the incidence risk of reproductive disorders were examined. There were moderate positive relationships between milk Production Efficiency and retained placenta, induction of estrus, uterine infections, ovarian cysts, and induction of birth. Inclusion of reproductive management variables showed that these moderate relationships disappeared, but directions of coefficients for almost all those variables remained the same. Dystocia showed a weak negative correlation with milk Production Efficiency. Farms that were mainly managed by young farmers had the highest average Efficiency scores. The estimated milk losses due to inEfficiency averaged 1142, 488, and 256 kg of energy-corrected milk per cow, respectively, for low-, medium-, and high-Efficiency herds. It is concluded that the availability of younger cows, which enabled farmers to replace cows with reproductive disorders, contributed to high cow productivity in efficient farms. Thus, a high replacement rate more than compensates for the possible negative effect of reproductive disorders. The use of frontier Production and Efficiency/inEfficiency functions to analyze herd data may enable dairy advisors to identify inefficient herds and to simulate the effect of alternative management procedures on the individual herd's Efficiency.
Philippe Ciais - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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forest Production Efficiency increases with growth temperature
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Alessio Collalti, Andreas Ibrom, Anders Stockmarr, Alessandro Cescatti, Ramdane Alkama, Marcos Fernandezmartinez, Giorgio Matteucci, Stephen Sitch, Pierre Friedlingstein, Philippe CiaisAbstract:We present a global analysis of the relationship of forest Production Efficiency (FPE) to stand age and climate, based on a large compilation of data on gross primary Production and either biomass Production or net primary Production. FPE is important for both forest Production and atmospheric carbon dioxide uptake. Earlier findings - FPE declining with age - are supported by this analysis. However, FPE also increases with absolute latitude, precipitation and (all else equal) with temperature. The temperature effect is opposite to what would be expected based on the short-term physiological response of respiration rates to temperature. It implies top-down regulation of forest carbon loss, perhaps reflecting the higher carbon costs of nutrient acquisition in colder climates. Current ecosystem models do not reproduce this phenomenon. They consistently predict lower FPE in warmer climates, and are therefore likely to overestimate carbon losses in a warming climate.
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Forest Production Efficiency increases with growth temperature
Nature Communications, 2020Co-Authors: Alessio Collalti, Andreas Ibrom, Anders Stockmarr, Alessandro Cescatti, Ramdane Alkama, Giorgio Matteucci, Stephen Sitch, Pierre Friedlingstein, Marcos Fernández-martínez, Philippe CiaisAbstract:Forest Production Efficiency (FPE) metric describes how efficiently the assimilated carbon is partitioned into plants organs (biomass Production, BP) or—more generally—for the Production of organic matter (net primary Production, NPP). We present a global analysis of the relationship of FPE to stand-age and climate, based on a large compilation of data on gross primary Production and either BP or NPP. FPE is important for both forest Production and atmospheric carbon dioxide uptake. We find that FPE increases with absolute latitude, precipitation and (all else equal) with temperature. Earlier findings—FPE declining with age—are also supported by this analysis. However, the temperature effect is opposite to what would be expected based on the short-term physiological response of respiration rates to temperature, implying a top-down regulation of carbon loss, perhaps reflecting the higher carbon costs of nutrient acquisition in colder climates. Current ecosystem models do not reproduce this phenomenon. They consistently predict lower FPE in warmer climates, and are therefore likely to overestimate carbon losses in a warming climate.
Mingcherng Deng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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information sharing in a manufacturer supplier relationship suppliers incentive and Production Efficiency
Production and Operations Management, 2015Co-Authors: Yingju Chen, Mingcherng DengAbstract:While there have been vast discussions on the materialistic benefits of continuous improvement from the Toyota and Honda experiences, the academic literature pays little attention to information sharing. In this study, we construct a dynamic adverse selection model in which the supplier privately observes her Production Efficiency, and in the contractual duration the manufacturer obtains an informative but imprecise signal regarding this private Efficiency. We show that despite the disclosure of proprietary information, information sharing may benefit the supplier; the supplier's voluntary participation is more likely to occur when the shared information is rather imprecise. On the other hand, our analysis also reveals that this information sharing unambiguously gives rise to an upward push of the Production quantity, and may sometimes lead to an upward distortion that ultimately hurts the supply chain. We also document the non-trivial impact of the timing of information sharing on the supplier's incentive to participate.
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information sharing in a manufacturer supplier relationship suppliers incentive and Production Efficiency
2014Co-Authors: Yingju Chen, Mingcherng DengAbstract:While there have been vast discussion on the materialistic benefits of continuous improvement from the Toyota and Honda experiences, the academic literature pays little attention to information sharing. In this paper, we construct a dynamic adverse selection model in which the supplier privately observes her Production Efficiency in two periods and the manufacturer obtains an informative but imprecise signal regarding this private Efficiency in the contractual duration. We show that despite the disclosure of proprietary information, the supplier may benefit from information sharing; the supplier's voluntary participation is more likely to occur when the shared information is rather imprecise. This information sharing gives rise to an upward push of the Production quantity, but may lead to an upward distortion that ultimately hurts the supply chain. Our study provides interesting implications that may explain the existing Toyota experience.
Lartey G Lawson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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relationships of Efficiency to reproductive disorders in danish milk Production a stochastic frontier analysis
Journal of Dairy Science, 2004Co-Authors: Lartey G Lawson, Jeanett Bruun, Tim Coelli, J F Agger, Mogens LundAbstract:Relationships of various reproductive disorders and milk Production performance of Danish dairy farms were investigated. A stochastic frontier Production function was estimated using data collected in 1998 from 514 Danish dairy farms. Measures of farm-level milk Production Efficiency relative to this Production frontier were obtained, and relationships between milk Production Efficiency and the incidence risk of reproductive disorders were examined. There were moderate positive relationships between milk Production Efficiency and retained placenta, induction of estrus, uterine infections, ovarian cysts, and induction of birth. Inclusion of reproductive management variables showed that these moderate relationships disappeared, but directions of coefficients for almost all those variables remained the same. Dystocia showed a weak negative correlation with milk Production Efficiency. Farms that were mainly managed by young farmers had the highest average Efficiency scores. The estimated milk losses due to inEfficiency averaged 1142, 488, and 256 kg of energy-corrected milk per cow, respectively, for low-, medium-, and high-Efficiency herds. It is concluded that the availability of younger cows, which enabled farmers to replace cows with reproductive disorders, contributed to high cow productivity in efficient farms. Thus, a high replacement rate more than compensates for the possible negative effect of reproductive disorders. The use of frontier Production and Efficiency/inEfficiency functions to analyze herd data may enable dairy advisors to identify inefficient herds and to simulate the effect of alternative management procedures on the individual herd's Efficiency.
Alessio Collalti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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forest Production Efficiency increases with growth temperature
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Alessio Collalti, Andreas Ibrom, Anders Stockmarr, Alessandro Cescatti, Ramdane Alkama, Marcos Fernandezmartinez, Giorgio Matteucci, Stephen Sitch, Pierre Friedlingstein, Philippe CiaisAbstract:We present a global analysis of the relationship of forest Production Efficiency (FPE) to stand age and climate, based on a large compilation of data on gross primary Production and either biomass Production or net primary Production. FPE is important for both forest Production and atmospheric carbon dioxide uptake. Earlier findings - FPE declining with age - are supported by this analysis. However, FPE also increases with absolute latitude, precipitation and (all else equal) with temperature. The temperature effect is opposite to what would be expected based on the short-term physiological response of respiration rates to temperature. It implies top-down regulation of forest carbon loss, perhaps reflecting the higher carbon costs of nutrient acquisition in colder climates. Current ecosystem models do not reproduce this phenomenon. They consistently predict lower FPE in warmer climates, and are therefore likely to overestimate carbon losses in a warming climate.
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Forest Production Efficiency increases with growth temperature
Nature Communications, 2020Co-Authors: Alessio Collalti, Andreas Ibrom, Anders Stockmarr, Alessandro Cescatti, Ramdane Alkama, Giorgio Matteucci, Stephen Sitch, Pierre Friedlingstein, Marcos Fernández-martínez, Philippe CiaisAbstract:Forest Production Efficiency (FPE) metric describes how efficiently the assimilated carbon is partitioned into plants organs (biomass Production, BP) or—more generally—for the Production of organic matter (net primary Production, NPP). We present a global analysis of the relationship of FPE to stand-age and climate, based on a large compilation of data on gross primary Production and either BP or NPP. FPE is important for both forest Production and atmospheric carbon dioxide uptake. We find that FPE increases with absolute latitude, precipitation and (all else equal) with temperature. Earlier findings—FPE declining with age—are also supported by this analysis. However, the temperature effect is opposite to what would be expected based on the short-term physiological response of respiration rates to temperature, implying a top-down regulation of carbon loss, perhaps reflecting the higher carbon costs of nutrient acquisition in colder climates. Current ecosystem models do not reproduce this phenomenon. They consistently predict lower FPE in warmer climates, and are therefore likely to overestimate carbon losses in a warming climate.
