The Experts below are selected from a list of 324 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
H. Tetsuya - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Prophages integrating into Prophages: A mechanism to accumulate type III secretion effector genes and duplicate Shiga toxin-encoding Prophages in Escherichia coli
PLOS Pathogens, 2021Co-Authors: Keiji Nakamura, Y. Ogura, Yasuhiro Gotoh, H. TetsuyaAbstract:Bacteriophages (or phages) play major roles in the evolution of bacterial pathogens via horizontal gene transfer. Multiple phages are often integrated in a host chromosome as Prophages, not only carrying various novel virulence-related genetic determinants into host bacteria but also providing various possibilities for Prophage-Prophage interactions in bacterial cells. In particular, Escherichia coli strains such as Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing E. coli (STEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) strains have acquired more than 10 Prophages (up to 21 Prophages), many of which encode type III secretion system (T3SS) effector gene clusters. In these strains, some Prophages are present at a single locus in tandem, which is usually interpreted as the integration of phages that use the same attachment (att) sequence. Here, we present phages integrating into T3SS effector gene cluster-associated loci in Prophages, which are widely distributed in STEC and EPEC. Some of the phages integrated into Prophages are Stx-encoding phages (Stx phages) and have induced the duplication of Stx phages in a single cell. The identified attB sequences in Prophage genomes are apparently derived from host chromosomes. In addition, two or three different attB sequences are present in some Prophages, which results in the generation of Prophage clusters in various complex configurations. These phages integrating into Prophages represent a medically and biologically important type of inter-phage interaction that promotes the accumulation of T3SS effector genes in STEC and EPEC, the duplication of Stx phages in STEC, and the conversion of EPEC to STEC and that may be distributed in other types of E. coli strains as well as other Prophage-rich bacterial species.
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Prophages integrating into Prophages: a mechanism to accumulate type III secretion effector genes and duplicate Shiga toxin-encoding Prophages in Escherichia coli
2020Co-Authors: Keiji Nakamura, Y. Ogura, Yasuhiro Gotoh, H. TetsuyaAbstract:Abstract Bacteriophages (or phages) play major roles in the evolution of bacterial pathogens via horizontal gene transfer. Multiple phages are often integrated in a host chromosome as Prophages, not only carrying various novel virulence-related genetic determinants into host bacteria but also providing various possibilities for Prophage-Prophage interactions in bacterial cells. In particular, Escherichia coli strains such as Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing E. coli (STEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) strains have acquired more than 10 PPs (up to 21 PPs), many of which encode type III secretion system (T3SS) effector gene clusters. In these strains, some Prophages are present at a single locus in tandem, which is usually interpreted as the integration of phages that use the same attachment (att) sequence. Here, we present Prophages integrating into T3SS effector gene cluster-associated loci in Prophages, which are widely distributed in STEC and EPEC. Some of the Prophages integrated into Prophages are Stx-encoding Prophages and have induced the duplication of Stx-encoding phages in a single cell. The identified att sequences in Prophage genomes are apparently derived from host chromosomes. In addition, two or three different att sequences are present in some Prophages, which results in the generation of Prophage clusters in various complex configurations. These “Prophages-in-Prophages” represent a medically and biologically important type of inter-phage interaction that promotes the accumulation of T3SS effector genes in STEC and EPEC, the duplication of Stx-encoding Prophages in STEC, and the conversion of EPEC to STEC and that may be distributed in other types of E. coli strains as well as other Prophage-rich bacterial species. Author summary Multiple Prophages are often integrated in a bacterial host chromosome and some are present at a single locus in tandem. The most striking examples are Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (STEC and EPEC) strains, which usually contain more than 10 Prophages (up to 21). Many of them encode a cluster of type III secretion system (T3SS) effector genes, contributing the acquisition of a large number of effectors (>30) by STEC and EPEC. Here, we describe Prophages integrating into T3SS effector gene cluster-associated loci in Prophages, which are widely distributed in STEC and EPEC. Two or three different attachment sequences derived from host chromosomes are present in some Prophages, generating Prophage clusters in various complex configurations. Of note, some of such Prophages-in-Prophages are Stx-encoding Prophages and have induced the duplication of Stx-encoding Prophages. Thus, these “Prophages-in-Prophages” represent an important inter-phage interaction as they can promote not only the accumulation of T3SS effectors in STEC and EPEC but also the duplication of Stx-encoding Prophages and the conversion of EPEC to STEC.
Y. Ogura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Prophages integrating into Prophages: A mechanism to accumulate type III secretion effector genes and duplicate Shiga toxin-encoding Prophages in Escherichia coli
PLOS Pathogens, 2021Co-Authors: Keiji Nakamura, Y. Ogura, Yasuhiro Gotoh, H. TetsuyaAbstract:Bacteriophages (or phages) play major roles in the evolution of bacterial pathogens via horizontal gene transfer. Multiple phages are often integrated in a host chromosome as Prophages, not only carrying various novel virulence-related genetic determinants into host bacteria but also providing various possibilities for Prophage-Prophage interactions in bacterial cells. In particular, Escherichia coli strains such as Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing E. coli (STEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) strains have acquired more than 10 Prophages (up to 21 Prophages), many of which encode type III secretion system (T3SS) effector gene clusters. In these strains, some Prophages are present at a single locus in tandem, which is usually interpreted as the integration of phages that use the same attachment (att) sequence. Here, we present phages integrating into T3SS effector gene cluster-associated loci in Prophages, which are widely distributed in STEC and EPEC. Some of the phages integrated into Prophages are Stx-encoding phages (Stx phages) and have induced the duplication of Stx phages in a single cell. The identified attB sequences in Prophage genomes are apparently derived from host chromosomes. In addition, two or three different attB sequences are present in some Prophages, which results in the generation of Prophage clusters in various complex configurations. These phages integrating into Prophages represent a medically and biologically important type of inter-phage interaction that promotes the accumulation of T3SS effector genes in STEC and EPEC, the duplication of Stx phages in STEC, and the conversion of EPEC to STEC and that may be distributed in other types of E. coli strains as well as other Prophage-rich bacterial species.
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Prophages integrating into Prophages: a mechanism to accumulate type III secretion effector genes and duplicate Shiga toxin-encoding Prophages in Escherichia coli
2020Co-Authors: Keiji Nakamura, Y. Ogura, Yasuhiro Gotoh, H. TetsuyaAbstract:Abstract Bacteriophages (or phages) play major roles in the evolution of bacterial pathogens via horizontal gene transfer. Multiple phages are often integrated in a host chromosome as Prophages, not only carrying various novel virulence-related genetic determinants into host bacteria but also providing various possibilities for Prophage-Prophage interactions in bacterial cells. In particular, Escherichia coli strains such as Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing E. coli (STEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) strains have acquired more than 10 PPs (up to 21 PPs), many of which encode type III secretion system (T3SS) effector gene clusters. In these strains, some Prophages are present at a single locus in tandem, which is usually interpreted as the integration of phages that use the same attachment (att) sequence. Here, we present Prophages integrating into T3SS effector gene cluster-associated loci in Prophages, which are widely distributed in STEC and EPEC. Some of the Prophages integrated into Prophages are Stx-encoding Prophages and have induced the duplication of Stx-encoding phages in a single cell. The identified att sequences in Prophage genomes are apparently derived from host chromosomes. In addition, two or three different att sequences are present in some Prophages, which results in the generation of Prophage clusters in various complex configurations. These “Prophages-in-Prophages” represent a medically and biologically important type of inter-phage interaction that promotes the accumulation of T3SS effector genes in STEC and EPEC, the duplication of Stx-encoding Prophages in STEC, and the conversion of EPEC to STEC and that may be distributed in other types of E. coli strains as well as other Prophage-rich bacterial species. Author summary Multiple Prophages are often integrated in a bacterial host chromosome and some are present at a single locus in tandem. The most striking examples are Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (STEC and EPEC) strains, which usually contain more than 10 Prophages (up to 21). Many of them encode a cluster of type III secretion system (T3SS) effector genes, contributing the acquisition of a large number of effectors (>30) by STEC and EPEC. Here, we describe Prophages integrating into T3SS effector gene cluster-associated loci in Prophages, which are widely distributed in STEC and EPEC. Two or three different attachment sequences derived from host chromosomes are present in some Prophages, generating Prophage clusters in various complex configurations. Of note, some of such Prophages-in-Prophages are Stx-encoding Prophages and have induced the duplication of Stx-encoding Prophages. Thus, these “Prophages-in-Prophages” represent an important inter-phage interaction as they can promote not only the accumulation of T3SS effectors in STEC and EPEC but also the duplication of Stx-encoding Prophages and the conversion of EPEC to STEC.
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the defective Prophage pool of escherichia coli o157 Prophage Prophage interactions potentiate horizontal transfer of virulence determinants
PLOS Pathogens, 2009Co-Authors: Y. Ogura, Tadasuke Ooka, Takehiko Itoh, Akira Sawaguchi, Atsushi Iguchi, Keisuke Nakayama, Tetsuya HayashiAbstract:Bacteriophages are major genetic factors promoting horizontal gene transfer (HGT) between bacteria. Their roles in dynamic bacterial genome evolution have been increasingly highlighted by the fact that many sequenced bacterial genomes contain multiple Prophages carrying a wide range of genes. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 is the most striking case. A sequenced strain (O157 Sakai) possesses 18 Prophages (Sp1–Sp18) that encode numerous genes related to O157 virulence, including those for two potent cytotoxins, Shiga toxins (Stx) 1 and 2. However, most of these Prophages appeared to contain multiple genetic defects. To understand whether these defective Prophages have the potential to act as mobile genetic elements to spread virulence determinants, we looked closely at the Sp1–Sp18 sequences, defined the genetic defects of each Sp, and then systematically analyzed all Sps for their biological activities. We show that many of the defective Prophages, including the Stx1 phage, are inducible and released from O157 cells as particulate DNA. In fact, some Prophages can even be transferred to other E. coli strains. We also show that new Stx1 phages are generated by recombination between the Stx1 and Stx2 phage genomes. The results indicate that these defective Prophages are not simply genetic remnants generated in the course of O157 evolution, but rather genetic elements with a high potential for disseminating virulence-related genes and other genetic traits to other bacteria. We speculate that recombination and various other types of inter-Prophage interactions in the O157 Prophage pool potentiate such activities. Our data provide new insights into the potential activities of the defective Prophages embedded in bacterial genomes and lead to the formulation of a novel concept of inter-Prophage interactions in defective Prophage communities.
Keiji Nakamura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Prophages integrating into Prophages: A mechanism to accumulate type III secretion effector genes and duplicate Shiga toxin-encoding Prophages in Escherichia coli
PLOS Pathogens, 2021Co-Authors: Keiji Nakamura, Y. Ogura, Yasuhiro Gotoh, H. TetsuyaAbstract:Bacteriophages (or phages) play major roles in the evolution of bacterial pathogens via horizontal gene transfer. Multiple phages are often integrated in a host chromosome as Prophages, not only carrying various novel virulence-related genetic determinants into host bacteria but also providing various possibilities for Prophage-Prophage interactions in bacterial cells. In particular, Escherichia coli strains such as Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing E. coli (STEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) strains have acquired more than 10 Prophages (up to 21 Prophages), many of which encode type III secretion system (T3SS) effector gene clusters. In these strains, some Prophages are present at a single locus in tandem, which is usually interpreted as the integration of phages that use the same attachment (att) sequence. Here, we present phages integrating into T3SS effector gene cluster-associated loci in Prophages, which are widely distributed in STEC and EPEC. Some of the phages integrated into Prophages are Stx-encoding phages (Stx phages) and have induced the duplication of Stx phages in a single cell. The identified attB sequences in Prophage genomes are apparently derived from host chromosomes. In addition, two or three different attB sequences are present in some Prophages, which results in the generation of Prophage clusters in various complex configurations. These phages integrating into Prophages represent a medically and biologically important type of inter-phage interaction that promotes the accumulation of T3SS effector genes in STEC and EPEC, the duplication of Stx phages in STEC, and the conversion of EPEC to STEC and that may be distributed in other types of E. coli strains as well as other Prophage-rich bacterial species.
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Prophages integrating into Prophages: a mechanism to accumulate type III secretion effector genes and duplicate Shiga toxin-encoding Prophages in Escherichia coli
2020Co-Authors: Keiji Nakamura, Y. Ogura, Yasuhiro Gotoh, H. TetsuyaAbstract:Abstract Bacteriophages (or phages) play major roles in the evolution of bacterial pathogens via horizontal gene transfer. Multiple phages are often integrated in a host chromosome as Prophages, not only carrying various novel virulence-related genetic determinants into host bacteria but also providing various possibilities for Prophage-Prophage interactions in bacterial cells. In particular, Escherichia coli strains such as Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing E. coli (STEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) strains have acquired more than 10 PPs (up to 21 PPs), many of which encode type III secretion system (T3SS) effector gene clusters. In these strains, some Prophages are present at a single locus in tandem, which is usually interpreted as the integration of phages that use the same attachment (att) sequence. Here, we present Prophages integrating into T3SS effector gene cluster-associated loci in Prophages, which are widely distributed in STEC and EPEC. Some of the Prophages integrated into Prophages are Stx-encoding Prophages and have induced the duplication of Stx-encoding phages in a single cell. The identified att sequences in Prophage genomes are apparently derived from host chromosomes. In addition, two or three different att sequences are present in some Prophages, which results in the generation of Prophage clusters in various complex configurations. These “Prophages-in-Prophages” represent a medically and biologically important type of inter-phage interaction that promotes the accumulation of T3SS effector genes in STEC and EPEC, the duplication of Stx-encoding Prophages in STEC, and the conversion of EPEC to STEC and that may be distributed in other types of E. coli strains as well as other Prophage-rich bacterial species. Author summary Multiple Prophages are often integrated in a bacterial host chromosome and some are present at a single locus in tandem. The most striking examples are Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (STEC and EPEC) strains, which usually contain more than 10 Prophages (up to 21). Many of them encode a cluster of type III secretion system (T3SS) effector genes, contributing the acquisition of a large number of effectors (>30) by STEC and EPEC. Here, we describe Prophages integrating into T3SS effector gene cluster-associated loci in Prophages, which are widely distributed in STEC and EPEC. Two or three different attachment sequences derived from host chromosomes are present in some Prophages, generating Prophage clusters in various complex configurations. Of note, some of such Prophages-in-Prophages are Stx-encoding Prophages and have induced the duplication of Stx-encoding Prophages. Thus, these “Prophages-in-Prophages” represent an important inter-phage interaction as they can promote not only the accumulation of T3SS effectors in STEC and EPEC but also the duplication of Stx-encoding Prophages and the conversion of EPEC to STEC.
Robert Czajkowski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Data_Sheet_3_May the Phage be With You? Prophage-Like Elements in the Genomes of Soft Rot Pectobacteriaceae: Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp..PDF
2019Co-Authors: Robert CzajkowskiAbstract:Soft Rot Pectobacteriaceae (SRP; Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp., formerly known as pectinolytic Erwinia spp.) are necrotrophic bacterial pathogens infecting a large number of plant species worldwide, including agriculturally-important crops. Despite the SRP importance in agriculture, little is known about the bacteriophages infecting them, and even less about the Prophages present in their genomes. Prophages are recognized as factors underlying bacterial virulence, genomic diversification and ecological fitness that contribute to the novel phenotypic properties of bacterial hosts. Likewise, they are recognized as a driving force of bacterial evolution. In this study, 57 complete genomes of Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp. deposited in NCBI GenBank, were analyzed for the presence of Prophage-like elements. Viral sequences were discovered in 95% of bacterial genomes analyzed with the use of PHASTER, PhiSpy, and manual curation of the candidate sequences using NCBI BLAST. In total 37 seemingly intact and 48 putatively defective Prophages were found. The 37 seemingly intact Prophages (27 sequences in Dickeya spp. genomes and 10 sequences in Pectobacterium spp. genomes) were annotated using RAST. Analysis of the Prophage genes encoding viral structural proteins allowed classification of these Prophages into different families of the order Caudovirales (tailed bacteriophages) with the SRP Prophages of the Myoviridae family (81% of found Prophages) being the most abundant. The phylogenetic relationships between Prophages were analyzed using amino acid sequences of terminase large subunit (gene terL), integrase (gene int), holin (gene hol), and lysin (gene lys). None of these markers however proved fully useful for clear phylogenetic separation of Prophages of SRP into distinct clades. Comparative analyses of Prophage proteomes revealed six clusters: five present in Dickeya spp. and one within Pectobacterium spp. When screened for the presence of bacterial genes in the genomes of intact Prophages, only one Prophage did not contain any ORFs of bacterial origin, the other Prophages contained up to 23 genes acquired from bacterial hosts. The bacterial genes present in Prophages could possibly affect fitness and virulence of their hosts. The implication of Prophage presence in the genomes of Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp. is discussed.
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Data_Sheet_10_May the Phage be With You? Prophage-Like Elements in the Genomes of Soft Rot Pectobacteriaceae: Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp..PDF
2019Co-Authors: Robert CzajkowskiAbstract:Soft Rot Pectobacteriaceae (SRP; Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp., formerly known as pectinolytic Erwinia spp.) are necrotrophic bacterial pathogens infecting a large number of plant species worldwide, including agriculturally-important crops. Despite the SRP importance in agriculture, little is known about the bacteriophages infecting them, and even less about the Prophages present in their genomes. Prophages are recognized as factors underlying bacterial virulence, genomic diversification and ecological fitness that contribute to the novel phenotypic properties of bacterial hosts. Likewise, they are recognized as a driving force of bacterial evolution. In this study, 57 complete genomes of Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp. deposited in NCBI GenBank, were analyzed for the presence of Prophage-like elements. Viral sequences were discovered in 95% of bacterial genomes analyzed with the use of PHASTER, PhiSpy, and manual curation of the candidate sequences using NCBI BLAST. In total 37 seemingly intact and 48 putatively defective Prophages were found. The 37 seemingly intact Prophages (27 sequences in Dickeya spp. genomes and 10 sequences in Pectobacterium spp. genomes) were annotated using RAST. Analysis of the Prophage genes encoding viral structural proteins allowed classification of these Prophages into different families of the order Caudovirales (tailed bacteriophages) with the SRP Prophages of the Myoviridae family (81% of found Prophages) being the most abundant. The phylogenetic relationships between Prophages were analyzed using amino acid sequences of terminase large subunit (gene terL), integrase (gene int), holin (gene hol), and lysin (gene lys). None of these markers however proved fully useful for clear phylogenetic separation of Prophages of SRP into distinct clades. Comparative analyses of Prophage proteomes revealed six clusters: five present in Dickeya spp. and one within Pectobacterium spp. When screened for the presence of bacterial genes in the genomes of intact Prophages, only one Prophage did not contain any ORFs of bacterial origin, the other Prophages contained up to 23 genes acquired from bacterial hosts. The bacterial genes present in Prophages could possibly affect fitness and virulence of their hosts. The implication of Prophage presence in the genomes of Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp. is discussed.
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Data_Sheet_11_May the Phage be With You? Prophage-Like Elements in the Genomes of Soft Rot Pectobacteriaceae: Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp..PDF
2019Co-Authors: Robert CzajkowskiAbstract:Soft Rot Pectobacteriaceae (SRP; Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp., formerly known as pectinolytic Erwinia spp.) are necrotrophic bacterial pathogens infecting a large number of plant species worldwide, including agriculturally-important crops. Despite the SRP importance in agriculture, little is known about the bacteriophages infecting them, and even less about the Prophages present in their genomes. Prophages are recognized as factors underlying bacterial virulence, genomic diversification and ecological fitness that contribute to the novel phenotypic properties of bacterial hosts. Likewise, they are recognized as a driving force of bacterial evolution. In this study, 57 complete genomes of Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp. deposited in NCBI GenBank, were analyzed for the presence of Prophage-like elements. Viral sequences were discovered in 95% of bacterial genomes analyzed with the use of PHASTER, PhiSpy, and manual curation of the candidate sequences using NCBI BLAST. In total 37 seemingly intact and 48 putatively defective Prophages were found. The 37 seemingly intact Prophages (27 sequences in Dickeya spp. genomes and 10 sequences in Pectobacterium spp. genomes) were annotated using RAST. Analysis of the Prophage genes encoding viral structural proteins allowed classification of these Prophages into different families of the order Caudovirales (tailed bacteriophages) with the SRP Prophages of the Myoviridae family (81% of found Prophages) being the most abundant. The phylogenetic relationships between Prophages were analyzed using amino acid sequences of terminase large subunit (gene terL), integrase (gene int), holin (gene hol), and lysin (gene lys). None of these markers however proved fully useful for clear phylogenetic separation of Prophages of SRP into distinct clades. Comparative analyses of Prophage proteomes revealed six clusters: five present in Dickeya spp. and one within Pectobacterium spp. When screened for the presence of bacterial genes in the genomes of intact Prophages, only one Prophage did not contain any ORFs of bacterial origin, the other Prophages contained up to 23 genes acquired from bacterial hosts. The bacterial genes present in Prophages could possibly affect fitness and virulence of their hosts. The implication of Prophage presence in the genomes of Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp. is discussed.
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May the Phage be With You? Prophage-Like Elements in the Genomes of Soft Rot Pectobacteriaceae: Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp.
Frontiers Media S.A., 2019Co-Authors: Robert CzajkowskiAbstract:Soft Rot Pectobacteriaceae (SRP; Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp., formerly known as pectinolytic Erwinia spp.) are necrotrophic bacterial pathogens infecting a large number of plant species worldwide, including agriculturally-important crops. Despite the SRP importance in agriculture, little is known about the bacteriophages infecting them, and even less about the Prophages present in their genomes. Prophages are recognized as factors underlying bacterial virulence, genomic diversification and ecological fitness that contribute to the novel phenotypic properties of bacterial hosts. Likewise, they are recognized as a driving force of bacterial evolution. In this study, 57 complete genomes of Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp. deposited in NCBI GenBank, were analyzed for the presence of Prophage-like elements. Viral sequences were discovered in 95% of bacterial genomes analyzed with the use of PHASTER, PhiSpy, and manual curation of the candidate sequences using NCBI BLAST. In total 37 seemingly intact and 48 putatively defective Prophages were found. The 37 seemingly intact Prophages (27 sequences in Dickeya spp. genomes and 10 sequences in Pectobacterium spp. genomes) were annotated using RAST. Analysis of the Prophage genes encoding viral structural proteins allowed classification of these Prophages into different families of the order Caudovirales (tailed bacteriophages) with the SRP Prophages of the Myoviridae family (81% of found Prophages) being the most abundant. The phylogenetic relationships between Prophages were analyzed using amino acid sequences of terminase large subunit (gene terL), integrase (gene int), holin (gene hol), and lysin (gene lys). None of these markers however proved fully useful for clear phylogenetic separation of Prophages of SRP into distinct clades. Comparative analyses of Prophage proteomes revealed six clusters: five present in Dickeya spp. and one within Pectobacterium spp. When screened for the presence of bacterial genes in the genomes of intact Prophages, only one Prophage did not contain any ORFs of bacterial origin, the other Prophages contained up to 23 genes acquired from bacterial hosts. The bacterial genes present in Prophages could possibly affect fitness and virulence of their hosts. The implication of Prophage presence in the genomes of Pectobacterium spp. and Dickeya spp. is discussed
George P C Salmond - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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two mobile pectobacterium atrosepticum Prophages modulate virulence
Fems Microbiology Letters, 2010Co-Authors: Terry John Evans, Sarah J Coulthurst, Evangelia Komitopoulou, George P C SalmondAbstract:The Pectobacterium atrosepticum strain SCRI1043 genome contains two complete Prophage sequences. One, ECA41, is Mu-like and is able to integrate into, and excise from, various genomic locations. The other, ECA29, is a P2 family Prophage, and is also able to excise from the genome. Excision of both Prophages is rare and we were unable to induce lysis of cultures. Deletion of the entire Prophages, both separately and in combination, did not affect the growth rate or the secretion of plant cell wall-degrading enzymes, but swimming motility was decreased. The virulence of Prophage deletion strains in the potato host was decreased.
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Two mobile Pectobacterium atrosepticum Prophages modulate virulence
FEMS microbiology letters, 2010Co-Authors: Terry John Evans, Sarah J Coulthurst, Evangelia Komitopoulou, George P C SalmondAbstract:The Pectobacterium atrosepticum strain SCRI1043 genome contains two complete Prophage sequences. One, ECA41, is Mu-like and is able to integrate into, and excise from, various genomic locations. The other, ECA29, is a P2 family Prophage, and is also able to excise from the genome. Excision of both Prophages is rare and we were unable to induce lysis of cultures. Deletion of the entire Prophages, both separately and in combination, did not affect the growth rate or the secretion of plant cell wall-degrading enzymes, but swimming motility was decreased. The virulence of Prophage deletion strains in the potato host was decreased.
