The Experts below are selected from a list of 13077 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Paul Stoodley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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bacterial biofilms from the natural environment to infectious diseases
Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2004Co-Authors: Luanne Hallstoodley, William J Costerton, Paul StoodleyAbstract:Biofilms — matrix-enclosed microbial accretions that adhere to biological or non-biological surfaces — represent a significant and incompletely understood Mode of growth for bacteria. Biofilm formation appears early in the fossil record (3.25 billion years ago) and is common throughout a diverse range of organisms in both the Archaea and Bacteria lineages, including the 'living fossils' in the most deeply dividing branches of the phylogenetic tree. It is evident that biofilm formation is an ancient and integral component of the prokaryotic life cycle, and is a key factor for survival in diverse environments. Recent advances show that biofilms are structurally complex, dynamic systems with attributes of both primordial multicellular organisms and multifaceted ecosystems. Biofilm formation represents a Protected Mode of growth that allows cells to survive in hostile environments and also disperse to colonize new niches. The implications of these survival and propagative mechanisms in the context of both the natural environment and infectious diseases are discussed in this review.
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bacterial biofilms from the natural environment to infectious diseases
Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2004Co-Authors: Luanne Hallstoodley, William J Costerton, Paul StoodleyAbstract:Biofilms--matrix-enclosed microbial accretions that adhere to biological or non-biological surfaces--represent a significant and incompletely understood Mode of growth for bacteria. Biofilm formation appears early in the fossil record (approximately 3.25 billion years ago) and is common throughout a diverse range of organisms in both the Archaea and Bacteria lineages, including the 'living fossils' in the most deeply dividing branches of the phylogenetic tree. It is evident that biofilm formation is an ancient and integral component of the prokaryotic life cycle, and is a key factor for survival in diverse environments. Recent advances show that biofilms are structurally complex, dynamic systems with attributes of both primordial multicellular organisms and multifaceted ecosystems. Biofilm formation represents a Protected Mode of growth that allows cells to survive in hostile environments and also disperse to colonize new niches. The implications of these survival and propagative mechanisms in the context of both the natural environment and infectious diseases are discussed in this review.
Luanne Hallstoodley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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bacterial biofilms from the natural environment to infectious diseases
Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2004Co-Authors: Luanne Hallstoodley, William J Costerton, Paul StoodleyAbstract:Biofilms — matrix-enclosed microbial accretions that adhere to biological or non-biological surfaces — represent a significant and incompletely understood Mode of growth for bacteria. Biofilm formation appears early in the fossil record (3.25 billion years ago) and is common throughout a diverse range of organisms in both the Archaea and Bacteria lineages, including the 'living fossils' in the most deeply dividing branches of the phylogenetic tree. It is evident that biofilm formation is an ancient and integral component of the prokaryotic life cycle, and is a key factor for survival in diverse environments. Recent advances show that biofilms are structurally complex, dynamic systems with attributes of both primordial multicellular organisms and multifaceted ecosystems. Biofilm formation represents a Protected Mode of growth that allows cells to survive in hostile environments and also disperse to colonize new niches. The implications of these survival and propagative mechanisms in the context of both the natural environment and infectious diseases are discussed in this review.
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bacterial biofilms from the natural environment to infectious diseases
Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2004Co-Authors: Luanne Hallstoodley, William J Costerton, Paul StoodleyAbstract:Biofilms--matrix-enclosed microbial accretions that adhere to biological or non-biological surfaces--represent a significant and incompletely understood Mode of growth for bacteria. Biofilm formation appears early in the fossil record (approximately 3.25 billion years ago) and is common throughout a diverse range of organisms in both the Archaea and Bacteria lineages, including the 'living fossils' in the most deeply dividing branches of the phylogenetic tree. It is evident that biofilm formation is an ancient and integral component of the prokaryotic life cycle, and is a key factor for survival in diverse environments. Recent advances show that biofilms are structurally complex, dynamic systems with attributes of both primordial multicellular organisms and multifaceted ecosystems. Biofilm formation represents a Protected Mode of growth that allows cells to survive in hostile environments and also disperse to colonize new niches. The implications of these survival and propagative mechanisms in the context of both the natural environment and infectious diseases are discussed in this review.
William J Costerton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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bacterial biofilms from the natural environment to infectious diseases
Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2004Co-Authors: Luanne Hallstoodley, William J Costerton, Paul StoodleyAbstract:Biofilms — matrix-enclosed microbial accretions that adhere to biological or non-biological surfaces — represent a significant and incompletely understood Mode of growth for bacteria. Biofilm formation appears early in the fossil record (3.25 billion years ago) and is common throughout a diverse range of organisms in both the Archaea and Bacteria lineages, including the 'living fossils' in the most deeply dividing branches of the phylogenetic tree. It is evident that biofilm formation is an ancient and integral component of the prokaryotic life cycle, and is a key factor for survival in diverse environments. Recent advances show that biofilms are structurally complex, dynamic systems with attributes of both primordial multicellular organisms and multifaceted ecosystems. Biofilm formation represents a Protected Mode of growth that allows cells to survive in hostile environments and also disperse to colonize new niches. The implications of these survival and propagative mechanisms in the context of both the natural environment and infectious diseases are discussed in this review.
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bacterial biofilms from the natural environment to infectious diseases
Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2004Co-Authors: Luanne Hallstoodley, William J Costerton, Paul StoodleyAbstract:Biofilms--matrix-enclosed microbial accretions that adhere to biological or non-biological surfaces--represent a significant and incompletely understood Mode of growth for bacteria. Biofilm formation appears early in the fossil record (approximately 3.25 billion years ago) and is common throughout a diverse range of organisms in both the Archaea and Bacteria lineages, including the 'living fossils' in the most deeply dividing branches of the phylogenetic tree. It is evident that biofilm formation is an ancient and integral component of the prokaryotic life cycle, and is a key factor for survival in diverse environments. Recent advances show that biofilms are structurally complex, dynamic systems with attributes of both primordial multicellular organisms and multifaceted ecosystems. Biofilm formation represents a Protected Mode of growth that allows cells to survive in hostile environments and also disperse to colonize new niches. The implications of these survival and propagative mechanisms in the context of both the natural environment and infectious diseases are discussed in this review.
Ebrahim Akhavan Bazofti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A New Orthogonal Cryptographic System for Database Security Based on Cellular Automata and Hash Algorithm
2016Co-Authors: V. Malakooti, Ebrahim Akhavan BazoftiAbstract:Abstract- In this paper, we have developed a new orthogonal cryptographic system for database security that has used both Cellular automata and Hash Algorithm. Our Algorithm consists of two different parts; Encryption/Decryption of database tables as well as the generation of the Authentication Tag for the activation of the attack alarm for the database tables while it is unlocked and in Protected Mode but it has been accessed by the illegal users. Our proposed orthogonal cryptosystem is considered to be symmetric algorithm and uses a common key for both encryption and decryption processes as oppose to the asymmetric one that requires two keys, private and public keys. Since our transformation matrix is orthogonal, we have used the property of orthogonal matrix to calculat
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a new orthogonal cryptographic system for database security based on cellular automata and hash algorithm
International Journal of Digital Information and Wireless Communications, 2014Co-Authors: Mohammad V Malakooti, Ebrahim Akhavan BazoftiAbstract:In this paper, we have developed a new orthogonal cryptographic system for database security that has used both Cellular automata and Hash Algorithm. Our Algorithm consists of two different parts; Encryption/Decryption of database tables as well as the generation of the Authentication Tag for the activation of the attack alarm for the database tables while it is unlocked and in Protected Mode but it has been accessed by the illegal users. Our proposed orthogonal cryptosystem is considered to be symmetric algorithm and uses a common key for both encryption and decryption processes as oppose to the asymmetric one that requires two keys, private and public keys. Since our transformation matrix is orthogonal, we have used the property of orthogonal matrix to calculate its inverse based on its matrix transpose rather than direct matrix inversion to save the calculation time during the decryption process. We also have generated secret keys by applying the internal rules of cellular automata on the Malakooti Transform (M-T) to obtain the secret key matrix that can be used to be multiplied with the matrix of ASCII code obtained from the records of the database. To apply another level of security on the resulting encrypted code, the Hash values obtained from each record are multiplied by the elements of the secret key matrix and the XOR operation is performed on the resulting values and the elements of the encrypted codes. In addition, we also proposed a robust and fast algorithm for the database security and authentication that automatically and accurately will generate the Hash values for the entire rows of the database tables to obtain a unique Hash value for each table. This unique hash value can be used to check the validity of the data inside the database and guarantee the authentication of all information in each database. Our proposed method is capable of detecting any slight change that might be occurs on the database while it is in the Protected Mode. The generated Hash value will be calculated from the records elements of the database periodically to be compared with the value of the Hash value stored outside database for the authentication. Should the generated Hash value be different from the stored Hash value, the alarm flag would be activated to inform the administrator about unauthorized change of database while in Protected Mode via SMS or Email.
Baida Fadi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Excitation of Symmetry Protected Modes in a Lithium Niobate Membrane Photonic Crystal for Sensing Applications
HAL CCSD, 2020Co-Authors: Hoblos Ayman, Suarez, Miguel Angel, Courjal Nadège, Bernal-artajona Maria-pilar, Baida FadiAbstract:International audienceOur theoretical study reveals the opportunity to develop an electric field sensor based on the exploitation of the symmetry Protected Mode (SPM) that we excite within an electro-optical material, namely lithium niobate (LN). The SPM consists of a dark Fano-like resonance that results from the combination of a discrete Bloch Mode of a photonic crystal (PhC) with a continuum Mode of a membrane, both of them made in LN. The dark character is linked to the structure geometry having a high degree of symmetry. The SPM excitation is then made possible thanks to an illumination under small oblique incidence, which breaks the symmetry of the configuration. This results in several ultra-sensitive and tunable Fano-like resonances with high quality factors up to 10
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Excitation of Symmetry Protected Modes in a Lithium Niobate Membrane Photonic Crystal for Sensing Applications
2020Co-Authors: Hoblos Ayman, Courjal Nadège, Bernal-artajona Maria-pilar, Suarez Miguel, Baida FadiAbstract:Our theoretical study reveals the opportunity to develop an electric field sensor basedon the exploitation of Symmetry Protected Mode (SPM) that we excite within an electro-opticalmaterial, namely lithium niobate (LN). The SPM consists of a dark Fano-like resonance thatresults from the combination of a discrete Bloch Mode of a Photonic Crystal (PhC) with acontinuum Mode of a membrane, both of them made in LN. The dark character is linked tothe structure geometry having a high degree of symmetry. The SPM excitation is then madepossible thanks to an illumination under small oblique incidence which breaks the symmetry ofthe configuration. This results in several ultra-sensitive and tunable Fano-like resonances withhigh quality factors up to 10^5 in the telecoms spectral range. Some of these resonances provideModes with a highly confined electric field inside LN. This confinement allows the enhancementof the electro-optic Pockels effect by a factor up to 4x10^5, thus exacerbating the detectionsensitivity of the designed sensor
