The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Guowen Song - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an empirical analysis of thermal Protective performance of fabrics used in Protective Clothing
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 2014Co-Authors: Sumit Mandal, Guowen SongAbstract:Fabric-based Protective Clothing is widely used for occupational safety of firefighters/industrial workers. The aim of this paper is to study thermal Protective performance provided by fabric systems and to propose an effective model for predicting the thermal Protective performance under various thermal exposures. Different fabric systems that are commonly used to manufacture thermal Protective Clothing were selected. Laboratory simulations of the various thermal exposures were created to evaluate the Protective performance of the selected fabric systems in terms of time required to generate second-degree burns. Through the characterization of selected fabric systems in a particular thermal exposure, various factors affecting the performances were statistically analyzed. The key factors for a particular thermal exposure were recognized based on the t-test analysis. Using these key factors, the performance predictive multiple linear regression and artificial neural network (ANN) models were developed and compared. The identified best-fit ANN models provide a basic tool to study thermal Protective performance of a fabric. Language: en
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the effect of air gaps in moist Protective Clothing on protection from heat and flame
Journal of Fire Sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Guowen SongAbstract:The distribution of air gaps and moisture in thermal Protective Clothing has a large and complicated impact on thermal Protective performance. The effect of air gap size on the thermal Protective p...
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analysis of cold Protective Clothing s design and market functional structural design
Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2012Co-Authors: Guowen Song, Yu Jing ZhangAbstract:Relationships of cold Protective Clothing design and market were explored for apparel function and structure, and cold Protective Clothing company product to successful meet market demand. People require a large number of outdoor cold Protective Clothing that makes a chain of market, designer, consumer and manufacturer. They are not only focus on apparel functional comfort but also garment style preference structural design. Sophisticated new technologies are available to the apparel industry to create automated custom-fitted Clothing, using 3-D body scanning and software designed to automate patternmaking to effectively improve productivity [1]. Currently, the quantification of fit is complex and ambiguous and objective methods. The purpose of this study was to explore the cold Protective Clothing manufacturer should have the necessary conditions on function and structure for the market demand.
Piotr łapka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluation of a human skin surface temperature for the Protective Clothing skin system based on the Protective Clothing skin imitating material results
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2017Co-Authors: Piotr Furmanski, Piotr łapkaAbstract:Abstract Experimental studies used for evaluation of quality of the fire-fighters Protective Clothing are based on irradiation of the Clothing sample by an external pulse of a given duration. The other side of the Clothing sample is in contact with a material imitating the human skin, which has properties different than these of the skin. Therefore the problem considered in this paper was: what conditions should be satisfied to convert the experimental results, carried out on the stand with a skin-imitating material, to the case of the real human skin with different properties for which the experiments are not made? This will allow for better evaluation of the Clothing protecting properties and estimation of the possible burns. Due to multilayer structure of the Protective Clothing and skin as well as complex phenomena involved in energy transfer through them the problem is very complicated. Therefore at the first attempt to solve the problem a simplified two-layer, Clothing-skin system irradiated from external heat source was considered in the present paper. Temperature variation in the system was initially determined using the in-house 1D numerical code accounting for heat conduction in the skin and Clothing, non-grey thermal radiation absorption, scattering and emission together with the water vapour diffusion and phase transformations of bound water to the gaseous phase in the Protective Clothing. Then the analytical model for temperature variation in the considered system was proposed and solved using the Laplace transform approach. In the latter model water vapour diffusion with its phase transformations were excluded and radiation emission was neglected. The analytical model allowed for deriving a formula which can be applied for converting the skin surface temperature obtained from the experiments carried out using the skin-imitating material to the material having skin properties. In order to verify the range of validity of the formula the analytical predictions were compared to the results of numerical simulations of temperature in the Protective Clothing-skin system considering cases in which different phenomena were included. For the majority of the cases studied good matching between analytical and numerical results was obtained for time corresponding to the heating and cooling processes of the Protective Clothing-skin system.
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evaluation of a human skin surface temperature for the Protective Clothing skin system based on the Protective Clothing skin imitating material results
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2017Co-Authors: Piotr Furmanski, Piotr łapkaAbstract:Abstract Experimental studies used for evaluation of quality of the fire-fighters Protective Clothing are based on irradiation of the Clothing sample by an external pulse of a given duration. The other side of the Clothing sample is in contact with a material imitating the human skin, which has properties different than these of the skin. Therefore the problem considered in this paper was: what conditions should be satisfied to convert the experimental results, carried out on the stand with a skin-imitating material, to the case of the real human skin with different properties for which the experiments are not made? This will allow for better evaluation of the Clothing protecting properties and estimation of the possible burns. Due to multilayer structure of the Protective Clothing and skin as well as complex phenomena involved in energy transfer through them the problem is very complicated. Therefore at the first attempt to solve the problem a simplified two-layer, Clothing-skin system irradiated from external heat source was considered in the present paper. Temperature variation in the system was initially determined using the in-house 1D numerical code accounting for heat conduction in the skin and Clothing, non-grey thermal radiation absorption, scattering and emission together with the water vapour diffusion and phase transformations of bound water to the gaseous phase in the Protective Clothing. Then the analytical model for temperature variation in the considered system was proposed and solved using the Laplace transform approach. In the latter model water vapour diffusion with its phase transformations were excluded and radiation emission was neglected. The analytical model allowed for deriving a formula which can be applied for converting the skin surface temperature obtained from the experiments carried out using the skin-imitating material to the material having skin properties. In order to verify the range of validity of the formula the analytical predictions were compared to the results of numerical simulations of temperature in the Protective Clothing-skin system considering cases in which different phenomena were included. For the majority of the cases studied good matching between analytical and numerical results was obtained for time corresponding to the heating and cooling processes of the Protective Clothing-skin system.
Xianghui Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Intelligent bidirectional thermal regulation of phase change material incorporated in thermal Protective Clothing
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2020Co-Authors: Wen Zhu, Yunyi Wang, Miao Tian, Xianghui ZhangAbstract:Abstract Coating of fabric by organic phase change materials (PCMs) loaded with paraffin wax changed thermal properties of the fabric. The PCM coated fabric with intelligent bidirectional thermal regulation was designed and prepared. The basic and thermal physical properties of the PCM coated fabric were measured. The PCM layer was incorporated into thermal Protective Clothing, and the thermal Protective performance was evaluated under hot contact exposure. High thermal capacity of PCM increased the potential of thermal Protective Clothing for heat accumulation during the hot contact exposure, but also modified heat release from the thermal Protective Clothing after the end of exposure. The incorporation of the PCM coated fabric increased greatly the thermal Protective performance during the heat exposure, which was influenced by melt temperature, PCM content and enthalphy. The thermal hazardous effect caused by the PCM coated fabric was slightly increased, but presenting no significant correlation with the skin absorbed thermal energy after the exposure. Therefore, the PCM showed great potential applications for developing intelligent thermal Protective Clothing. The conclusions obtained from this study contributed to development of PCM with high thermal capacity and low heat release suitable for the thermal Protective Clothing.
A. Ghazy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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numerical study of the air gap between fire Protective Clothing and the skin
Journal of Industrial Textiles, 2014Co-Authors: A. GhazyAbstract:The analysis of the air gap between fire-Protective Clothing and the skin plays a crucial role in evaluating the Protective performance of the Clothing. However, the more accurate the analysis of the air gap, the more complex the air-gap model. This article introduces a novel air-gap model that stands halfway in terms of accuracy and complexity between other two models that already exist in the literature. A comparison between the performances of fire-Protective Clothing predicted by using the three air-gap models is discussed in this article. Different parameters that affect heat transfer within the air gap and hence the Protective performance of the Clothing were studied to assess the novel air-gap model compared with the other two models. Despite its simplicity, the novel air-gap model predicted the performance of fire-Protective Clothing as accurately as the most realistic model.
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influence of thermal shrinkage on Protective Clothing performance during fire exposure numerical investigation
Mechanical Engineering Research, 2014Co-Authors: A. GhazyAbstract:The thermal shrinkage of Protective Clothing during fire exposure plays a crucial rule in reducing the Clothing Protective performance. The transversal reduction in the fabric perimeter around the body due to the fabric thermal shrinkage causes a dynamic reduction in the air gap between the Clothing and the body. This leads to a dynamic change in the heat transfer modes within the gap. Despite of its influential effect on the Clothing performance, the thermal shrinkage of Protective Clothing during fire exposure has not been yet addressed in the literature. This can be attributed to the absence of a gap model that can capture the reciprocal change in heat transfer modes within the gap due to Clothing shrinkage. This paper develops a finite volume model to investigate the influence of the fabric thermal shrinkage on Protective Clothing performance. A special attention was drawn to the model of the air gap between the Clothing and skin as it responds directly to the Clothing thermal shrinkage. The influence of a variation in the fabric shrinkage rate and the overall reduction in the fabric dimensions was investigated. The paper demonstrates that the Clothing Protective performance continuously decreases with the reduction in the fabric dimensions while the decay in the Clothing Protective performance is limited to small shrinkage rates of the fabric. Moreover, this decay in the Clothing performance vanishes at high shrinkage rates of the fabric.
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Influence of the air gap between Protective Clothing and skin on Clothing performance during flash fire exposure
Heat and Mass Transfer, 2011Co-Authors: A. Ghazy, Donald J. BergstromAbstract:A finite volume model was developed to simulate transient heat transfer in Protective Clothing during flash fire exposure. The model accounts for the combined conduction-radiation heat transfer in the air gap between the fabric and skin. The variation in the fabric and air gap properties with temperature and the thermochemical reactions in the fabric are also considered. This study investigates the influence of the air gap in Protective Clothing on the energy transfer through the Clothing and hence on its performance. Different parameters that affect the conduction-radiation heat transfer through the air gap such as the air gap absorption coefficient and the air gap width were studied. Finally, the paper demonstrates that an innovative and potentially significant way to improve Protective Clothing performance is to reduce the emissivity on the backside of the fabric.
Ramasamy Alagirusamy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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heat and mass transfer through thermal Protective Clothing a review
International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2016Co-Authors: Prabal Talukdar, Apurba Das, Ramasamy AlagirusamyAbstract:Abstract Thermo-physiological comfort and safety of the people who are working as firefighter, industrial worker, military personnel and race car driver are major concerns. This led to the significant amount of research in the field of thermal Protective Clothing over the past several years. In this manuscript, a brief review of the research and development in the field of thermal Protective Clothing is presented and it primarily focusses the studies dealing with the heat and mass transfer aspects in thermal Protective Clothing. Experimental methods and standards used to analyze the performance of thermal Protective Clothing are discussed. Advancement in modeling of heat and mass transfer through porous fabrics are highlighted. Heat transfer modeling in air gaps between fabric and human skin as well as bio-heat transfer models used in the performance analysis of thermal Protective Clothing are also explained. Effect of various parameters like physical and thermo-physical properties of fabrics, air gap, moisture, exposure conditions on Protective performance of fabrics are discussed. Recent trends in research in the field of thermal Protective Clothing are summarized along with suggestions for future research.
