The Experts below are selected from a list of 9096 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Maria Manca C De Nadra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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flocculation and cell surface characterization of kloeckera apiculata from wine
Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2003Co-Authors: M E Farias, Maria Manca C De NadraAbstract:AIMS: To characterize and analyze the flocculation phenomenon of Kloeckera apiculata mc1 from Argentinian wine to understand the cell-cell Interaction pattern. METHODS AND RESULTS: Kloeckera apiculata mc1 possess intense cell-cell Interactions in MYPG medium (0.5% malt extract, 1% yeast extract, 2% glucose, 2% peptone), pH 5.5 by shaking at 25 degrees C. Optimum flocculation is observed at pH 4.5 in the presence of 3 mmol l-1 Ca2+. The flocculation is induced by peptone and malt extract and not by yeast extract and is reversed by 50 mmol l-1 galactose or lactose. The flocculation is highly susceptible to pronase, chymotrypsine and proteases types IV and XXVII and is partially resistant to trypsin. The electronic microscopy shows that the cells are attached to each other along their sides by fine hair-like threads. CONCLUSIONS: The mechanism of flocculation of K. apiculata mc1 is mediated by Protein-Carbohydrate Interaction, stabilized by Ca2+. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The use of selected pure yeast inocula of known ability is preferred to wine elaboration, therefore the indigenous flora must be avoided and the flocculation of K. apiculata could be an economic method to do it.
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flocculation and cell surface characterization of kloeckera apiculata from wine
Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2003Co-Authors: Maria Manca C De Nadra, M E FariasAbstract:Aims: To characterize and analyze the flocculation phenomenon of Kloeckera apiculata mc1 from Agentinian wine to understand the cell–cell Interaction pattern. Methods and Results:Kloeckera apiculata mc1 possess intense cell–cell Interactions in MYPG medium (0·5% malt extract, 1% yeast extract, 2% glucose, 2% peptone), pH 5·5 by shaking at 25°C. Optimum flocculation is observed at pH 4·5 in the presence of 3 mmol l−1 Ca2+. The flocculation is induced by peptone and malt extract and not by yeast extract and is reversed by 50 mmol l−1 galactose or lactose. The flocculation is highly susceptible to pronase, chymotrypsine and proteases types IV and XXVII and is partially resistant to trypsin. The electronic microscopy shows that the cells are attached to each other along their sides by fine hair-like threads. Conclusions: The mechanism of flocculation of K. apiculata mc1 is mediated by Protein–Carbohydrate Interaction, stabilized by Ca2+. Significance and Impact of the Study: The use of selected pure yeast inocula of known ability is preferred to wine elaboration, therefore the indigenous flora must be avoided and the flocculation of K. apiculata could be an economic method to do it.
Xi Jiang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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norovirus and its histo blood group antigen receptors an answer to a historical puzzle
Trends in Microbiology, 2005Co-Authors: Ming Tan, Xi JiangAbstract:Recent findings demonstrate that human histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) serve as receptors for norovirus infection. The recognition of human HBGAs by noroviruses is a typical Protein-Carbohydrate Interaction, in which the protruding domain of the viral capsid Protein forms an interface with the oligosaccharide side-chains of the antigens, with a wide diversity among different strains. The human HBGA system is also highly polymorphic and is controlled by multiple gene families with silent alleles. The presence of such diversified molecules on the cell surfaces indicates a possible host defense mechanism against the changing external environment. As mild pathogens that replicate possibly only in the intestinal tract, noroviruses have developed unique strategies to overcome the host defense system. This has been shown by their genetic and structural variations, which explains why norovirus-associated diseases are so common and widespread in every population worldwide.
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norovirus and histo blood group antigens demonstration of a wide spectrum of strain specificities and classification of two major binding groups among multiple binding patterns
Journal of Virology, 2005Co-Authors: Pengwei Huang, Ming Tan, Xi Jiang, Tibor Farkas, Weiming Zhong, Scott Thornton, Ardythe L MorrowAbstract:Noroviruses, an important cause of acute gastroenteritis, have been found to recognize human histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) as receptors. Four strain-specific binding patterns to HBGAs have been described in our previous report. In this study, we have extended the binding patterns to seven based on 14 noroviruses examined. The oligosaccharide-based assays revealed additional epitopes that were not detected by the saliva-based assays. The seven patterns have been classified into two groups according to their Interactions with three major epitopes (A/B, H, and Lewis) of human HBGAs: the A/B-binding group and the Lewis-binding group. Strains in the A/B binding group recognize the A and/or B and H antigens, but not the Lewis antigens, while strains in the Lewis-binding group react only to the Lewis and/or H antigens. This classification also resulted in a model of the norovirus/HBGA Interaction. Phylogenetic analyses showed that strains with identical or closely related binding patterns tend to be clustered, but strains in both binding group can be found in both genogroups I and II. Our results suggest that noroviruses have a wide spectrum of host range and that human HBGAs play an important role in norovirus evolution. The high polymorphism of the human HBGA system, the involvement of multiple epitopes, and the typical Protein/Carbohydrate Interaction between norovirus VLPs and HBGAs provide an explanation for the virus-ligand binding diversities.
M E Farias - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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flocculation and cell surface characterization of kloeckera apiculata from wine
Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2003Co-Authors: M E Farias, Maria Manca C De NadraAbstract:AIMS: To characterize and analyze the flocculation phenomenon of Kloeckera apiculata mc1 from Argentinian wine to understand the cell-cell Interaction pattern. METHODS AND RESULTS: Kloeckera apiculata mc1 possess intense cell-cell Interactions in MYPG medium (0.5% malt extract, 1% yeast extract, 2% glucose, 2% peptone), pH 5.5 by shaking at 25 degrees C. Optimum flocculation is observed at pH 4.5 in the presence of 3 mmol l-1 Ca2+. The flocculation is induced by peptone and malt extract and not by yeast extract and is reversed by 50 mmol l-1 galactose or lactose. The flocculation is highly susceptible to pronase, chymotrypsine and proteases types IV and XXVII and is partially resistant to trypsin. The electronic microscopy shows that the cells are attached to each other along their sides by fine hair-like threads. CONCLUSIONS: The mechanism of flocculation of K. apiculata mc1 is mediated by Protein-Carbohydrate Interaction, stabilized by Ca2+. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The use of selected pure yeast inocula of known ability is preferred to wine elaboration, therefore the indigenous flora must be avoided and the flocculation of K. apiculata could be an economic method to do it.
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flocculation and cell surface characterization of kloeckera apiculata from wine
Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2003Co-Authors: Maria Manca C De Nadra, M E FariasAbstract:Aims: To characterize and analyze the flocculation phenomenon of Kloeckera apiculata mc1 from Agentinian wine to understand the cell–cell Interaction pattern. Methods and Results:Kloeckera apiculata mc1 possess intense cell–cell Interactions in MYPG medium (0·5% malt extract, 1% yeast extract, 2% glucose, 2% peptone), pH 5·5 by shaking at 25°C. Optimum flocculation is observed at pH 4·5 in the presence of 3 mmol l−1 Ca2+. The flocculation is induced by peptone and malt extract and not by yeast extract and is reversed by 50 mmol l−1 galactose or lactose. The flocculation is highly susceptible to pronase, chymotrypsine and proteases types IV and XXVII and is partially resistant to trypsin. The electronic microscopy shows that the cells are attached to each other along their sides by fine hair-like threads. Conclusions: The mechanism of flocculation of K. apiculata mc1 is mediated by Protein–Carbohydrate Interaction, stabilized by Ca2+. Significance and Impact of the Study: The use of selected pure yeast inocula of known ability is preferred to wine elaboration, therefore the indigenous flora must be avoided and the flocculation of K. apiculata could be an economic method to do it.
Stephen A Watts - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of dietary Protein and Carbohydrate levels on weight gain and gonad production in the sea urchin lytechinus variegatus
Aquaculture, 2012Co-Authors: Laura E Heflin, Victoria K Gibbs, Mickie L Powell, Robert Makowsky, John M Lawrence, Addison L Lawrence, Stephen A WattsAbstract:Abstract Adult Lytechinus variegatus were fed eight formulated diets with different Protein (ranging from 12 to 36%) and Carbohydrate (ranging from 21 to 39%) levels. Each sea urchin (n = 8 per treatment) was fed a daily sub-satiation ration of 1.5% of average body weight for 9 weeks. Akaike information criterion analysis was used to compare six different hypothesized dietary composition models across eight growth measurements. Dietary Protein level and Protein: energy ratio were the best models for prediction of total weight gain. Diets with the highest (≥ 68.6 mg P kcal − 1 ) Protein:energy ratios produced the most wet weight gain after 9 weeks. Dietary Carbohydrate level was a poor predictor for most growth parameters examined in this study. However, the model containing a Protein × Carbohydrate Interaction effect was the best model for Protein efficiency ratio (PER). PER decreased with increasing dietary Protein level, more so at higher Carbohydrate levels. Food conversion ratio (FCR) was best modeled by total dietary energy levels: Higher energy diets produced lower FCRs. Dietary Protein level was the best model of gonad wet weight gain. These data suggest that variations in dietary nutrients and energy differentially affect organismal growth and growth of body components.
Laura E Heflin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of diet quality on nutrient allocation to the test and aristotle s lantern in the sea urchin lytechinus variegatus lamarck 1816
Journal of Shellfish Research, 2012Co-Authors: Laura E Heflin, Victoria K Gibbs, Mickie L Powell, Robert Makowsky, Addison L Lawrence, John M LawrenceAbstract:Small, adult (19.50 ± 2.01g wet weight) Lytechinus variegatus (Lamarck, 1816) were fed 8 formulated diets with different Protein (12–36% dry weight as fed) and Carbohydrate (21–39% dry weight) levels. Each sea urchin (n = 8 per treatment) was fed a daily ration of 1.5% of the average body weight of all individuals for 9 wk. Akaike information criterion (AIC) scores were used to compare 6 different dietary composition hypotheses for 8 growth measurements. For each physical growth response, different mathematical models representing a priori hypotheses were compared using the AIC score. The AIC is one of many information—theoretical approaches that allows for direct comparison of nonnested models with varying numbers of parameters. Dietary Protein level and Protein:energy ratio were the best models for prediction of test diameter increase. Dietary Protein level was the best model of test with spines wet weight gain and test with spines dry matter production. When the Aristotle's lantern was corrected for size of the test, there was an inverse relationship with dietary Protein level. Log-transformed lantern to test with spines index was also best associated with the dietary Protein model. Dietary Carbohydrate level was a poor predictor for growth parameters. However, the Protein × Carbohydrate Interaction model was the best model of organic content (percent dry weight) of the test without spines. These data suggest that there is a differential allocation of resources when dietary Protein is limiting and the test, but not the Aristotle's lantern, is affected by availability of dietary nutrients.
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effect of dietary Protein and Carbohydrate levels on weight gain and gonad production in the sea urchin lytechinus variegatus
Aquaculture, 2012Co-Authors: Laura E Heflin, Victoria K Gibbs, Mickie L Powell, Robert Makowsky, John M Lawrence, Addison L Lawrence, Stephen A WattsAbstract:Abstract Adult Lytechinus variegatus were fed eight formulated diets with different Protein (ranging from 12 to 36%) and Carbohydrate (ranging from 21 to 39%) levels. Each sea urchin (n = 8 per treatment) was fed a daily sub-satiation ration of 1.5% of average body weight for 9 weeks. Akaike information criterion analysis was used to compare six different hypothesized dietary composition models across eight growth measurements. Dietary Protein level and Protein: energy ratio were the best models for prediction of total weight gain. Diets with the highest (≥ 68.6 mg P kcal − 1 ) Protein:energy ratios produced the most wet weight gain after 9 weeks. Dietary Carbohydrate level was a poor predictor for most growth parameters examined in this study. However, the model containing a Protein × Carbohydrate Interaction effect was the best model for Protein efficiency ratio (PER). PER decreased with increasing dietary Protein level, more so at higher Carbohydrate levels. Food conversion ratio (FCR) was best modeled by total dietary energy levels: Higher energy diets produced lower FCRs. Dietary Protein level was the best model of gonad wet weight gain. These data suggest that variations in dietary nutrients and energy differentially affect organismal growth and growth of body components.
