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Karunathilaka Nmbpk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a comparative analysis between western Psychological Schools of thought and buddhist Psychological concepts
Social Science Research Network, 2019Co-Authors: Karunathilaka NmbpkAbstract:There are several Schools of psychology that have emerged as a result of the development of the main-stream psychology. Buddhism has used these Psychological teachings in the 6th century, even before psychology emerged as a systematized subject. This study comparatively examines those Psychological Schools and their connection with Buddhist teachings. Textual analysis, comparative and analytical methods have been used as the methodology of this study. The research problem of this study is to examine whether Psychological Schools emerged during 16th-17th centuries, or they have their foundations in Buddhist teachings (6th century BCE). The objectives of this study are to identify the connection between the Buddhist Psychological teachings and the western Psychological Schools, and to assess the Buddha as a precursor of western psychology. Basically, the Madhupiṅdika Sutta, sathipattāna bhāvanā method, the concept of anatta and the Patta Kamma Sutta are being used in this study along with several other Buddhist teachings. Both functionalism and Buddhist teachings emphasize the connection of the faculties, objects and the consciousness with the sensations and the perceptions. The introspection method of the structuralism have been used along with the Buddhist sathipattāna bhāvanā method and behaviorism (do not accept the concept of ego) which have been identified parallel with the concept of anatta. Psychoanalytic theory can be compared with the Yogācarika vinnānaya. The Patta kamma Sutta expresses that there are four needs that people expect. That can be discussed under the humanistic theory. As such, there is a commonality between western Psychological Schools and Buddhist Psychological Schools. However, the implications on behaviourism are different in both western and Buddhist teachings. Western psychology has given a high impact to the behaviour of a person, whereas Buddhist psychology has given priority to the mind. Although there are some differences between western and Buddhist Psychological thought, both can be used to solve Psychological issues by effectively synthesising them. As such, this study makes a comparative analysis between modern psychology and Buddhist Psychological thought and assess the Buddha as a precursor of western psychology.
Mille Gavi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Science Fiction and Psychology
Liverpool University Press, 2020Co-Authors: Mille GaviAbstract:The psychologist may appear in science fiction as the herald of utopia or dystopia; literary studies have used psychoanalytic theories to interpret science fiction; and psychology has employed science fiction as an educational medium. Psychology and Science Fiction goes beyond such incidental observations and engagements to offer an in-depth exploration of science fiction literature’s varied use of Psychological discourses, beginning at the birth of modern psychology in the late nineteenth century and concluding with the ascendance of neuroscience in the late twentieth century. Rather than dwelling on psychoanalytic readings, this literary investigation combines with history of psychology to offer attentive textual readings that explore five key Psychological Schools: evolutionary psychology, psychoanalysis, behaviourism, existential-humanism, and cognitivism. The varied functions of Psychological discourses in science fiction are explored, whether to popularise and prophesy, to imagine utopia or dystopia, to estrange our everyday reality, to comment on science fiction itself, or to abet (or resist) the spread of Psychological wisdom. Psychology and Science Fiction also considers how psychology itself has made use of science fiction in order to teach, to secure legitimacy as a discipline, and to comment on the present
Hamood Almuqaim Saif - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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محاولات ونظريات في فهم دوافع السلوك بين علماء النفس الغربيين والمسلمين Attempts and theories to understand the drivers of behavior between Western and Muslim psychologists
'IIUM Press', 2021Co-Authors: Elatrash, Radwan Jamal Yousef, Hamood Almuqaim SaifAbstract:يزداد التعقد كلما حاول الإنسان البحث عن أعماق نفسه ليكتشف أسرارها، فالسلوك الإنساني والدوافع الكامنة وراء نشأته تعد من أهم المباحث النفسية التي تداولها علماء النفس بالدراسة، وإذ يختلف العلماء النفسيون في نظرتهم للإنسان وطبيعته فإن اختلافهم بدى واضحاً في تفسيرهم للدوافع المسببة للسلوك الإنساني. إن تحديد السبب الكامن وراء السلوك الإنساني أمر مهم يرتبط بصناعة التوجهات الإنسانية نحو الحياة، كما يرتبط أيضاً بتحرير الإنسان من الكثير من الاضطرابات السلوكية التي تصدر عنه إذا ما عرف السبب من وجودها والدافع إلى ظهورها، فمشكلة تحديد الدوافع الإنسانية لا تزال قائمة رغم البحث الكبير والعميق حولها، ولكن الإشكالية الأكثر إلحاحاً والتي ستعرض لها هذه الدراسة، ما هو موقع علماء النفس المسلمين في نظرتهم للدوافع السلوكية؟ وقبل ذلك هل هناك حاجة لتكوين رؤية خاصة بهم أو هناك ضرورة تجعلهم ينفصلون بإطار علمي تنظيري في نظرتهم للدوافع؟ هذا ما ستجيب عنه هذه الدراسة، حيث بينت الرؤى المتعددة في فهم نشأة السلوك ودوافعه بين علماء النفس عامة، ثم أضافت هذه الدراسة بعضاً من الرؤى التأصيلية لعلماء النفس المسلمين في نظرتهم لدوافع السلوك الإنساني وربطها بإطار المعتقدات الدينية لدى المسلمين، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أن دوافع السلوك معقدة بتعقد التكوين الإنساني، ولذا فالنظريات كلها على تنوعها أسهمت كل واحدة منها في تقديم رؤية من زاوية معينة ومحددة، غير أن التمايز في المعتقد الديني الإسلامي فرض رؤية خاصة به حول الدوافع السلوكية، لكن المنهج الإسلامي في نظرته لدوافع السلوك لا يقتصر على رؤية واحدة بل هناك رؤى متعددة تنوعت بتنوع أفهام الباحثين المسلمين حولها كما سيجده القارئ في هذه الدراسة. Human behavior and its motivations are one of the most controversial topics debated among psychologists, and the more they deepen in this field to discover human mystery the more this field increases in complexity. As a result, psychologists vary in their interpretations to explain what motivations behind human behavior resulting in different Psychological Schools. The importance of identifying motivations leads to understanding people's attitudes and how they can be treated for behavioral disorders. This piece of writing is an attempt to answer the questions that have arisen in this regard that is where Muslim psychologists can be located among Psychological Schools, and to what extent they must have their own perspective with its theoretical framework. The study clarifies different attitudes adopted by psychologists to understand human behavior and its motivations, adding Muslim psychologists’ interpretations in relation to their doctrine. The study came out with a result that complexity in human behavior resulted in various Schools. Even though each school participated to explain its theory from a different angle, the Muslim psychologists with their religious background imposed their own point of view. The Islamic religious background of Muslim psychologists does not mean they have one attitude solely due to their different understanding and way of interpretation
Elatrash, Radwan Jamal Yousef - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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محاولات ونظريات في فهم دوافع السلوك بين علماء النفس الغربيين والمسلمين Attempts and theories to understand the drivers of behavior between Western and Muslim psychologists
'IIUM Press', 2021Co-Authors: Elatrash, Radwan Jamal Yousef, Hamood Almuqaim SaifAbstract:يزداد التعقد كلما حاول الإنسان البحث عن أعماق نفسه ليكتشف أسرارها، فالسلوك الإنساني والدوافع الكامنة وراء نشأته تعد من أهم المباحث النفسية التي تداولها علماء النفس بالدراسة، وإذ يختلف العلماء النفسيون في نظرتهم للإنسان وطبيعته فإن اختلافهم بدى واضحاً في تفسيرهم للدوافع المسببة للسلوك الإنساني. إن تحديد السبب الكامن وراء السلوك الإنساني أمر مهم يرتبط بصناعة التوجهات الإنسانية نحو الحياة، كما يرتبط أيضاً بتحرير الإنسان من الكثير من الاضطرابات السلوكية التي تصدر عنه إذا ما عرف السبب من وجودها والدافع إلى ظهورها، فمشكلة تحديد الدوافع الإنسانية لا تزال قائمة رغم البحث الكبير والعميق حولها، ولكن الإشكالية الأكثر إلحاحاً والتي ستعرض لها هذه الدراسة، ما هو موقع علماء النفس المسلمين في نظرتهم للدوافع السلوكية؟ وقبل ذلك هل هناك حاجة لتكوين رؤية خاصة بهم أو هناك ضرورة تجعلهم ينفصلون بإطار علمي تنظيري في نظرتهم للدوافع؟ هذا ما ستجيب عنه هذه الدراسة، حيث بينت الرؤى المتعددة في فهم نشأة السلوك ودوافعه بين علماء النفس عامة، ثم أضافت هذه الدراسة بعضاً من الرؤى التأصيلية لعلماء النفس المسلمين في نظرتهم لدوافع السلوك الإنساني وربطها بإطار المعتقدات الدينية لدى المسلمين، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أن دوافع السلوك معقدة بتعقد التكوين الإنساني، ولذا فالنظريات كلها على تنوعها أسهمت كل واحدة منها في تقديم رؤية من زاوية معينة ومحددة، غير أن التمايز في المعتقد الديني الإسلامي فرض رؤية خاصة به حول الدوافع السلوكية، لكن المنهج الإسلامي في نظرته لدوافع السلوك لا يقتصر على رؤية واحدة بل هناك رؤى متعددة تنوعت بتنوع أفهام الباحثين المسلمين حولها كما سيجده القارئ في هذه الدراسة. Human behavior and its motivations are one of the most controversial topics debated among psychologists, and the more they deepen in this field to discover human mystery the more this field increases in complexity. As a result, psychologists vary in their interpretations to explain what motivations behind human behavior resulting in different Psychological Schools. The importance of identifying motivations leads to understanding people's attitudes and how they can be treated for behavioral disorders. This piece of writing is an attempt to answer the questions that have arisen in this regard that is where Muslim psychologists can be located among Psychological Schools, and to what extent they must have their own perspective with its theoretical framework. The study clarifies different attitudes adopted by psychologists to understand human behavior and its motivations, adding Muslim psychologists’ interpretations in relation to their doctrine. The study came out with a result that complexity in human behavior resulted in various Schools. Even though each school participated to explain its theory from a different angle, the Muslim psychologists with their religious background imposed their own point of view. The Islamic religious background of Muslim psychologists does not mean they have one attitude solely due to their different understanding and way of interpretation
Arias Pacheco L - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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womens living conditions and mental health
Revista Casa de la Mujer, 2001Co-Authors: Arias Pacheco LAbstract:Gender contributes to the structuring of society establishing hierarchies of human activities where the masculine is worth more than the feminine. These hierarchies establish a power relationship between men and women with the latter in a subordinate position. Science has also been constructed on the basis of power; scientific development has been realized by real people with particular perspectives and interests who are in the vast majority men. As Mirta Gonzalez holds the theoretical development of psychology has not been an exception as it was controlled by men at least until the last quarter of the XX Century. Consequently the various Psychological Schools of thought in particular Freudian psychoanalysis are andocentric and in many cases discriminate against women. (excerpt)