The Experts below are selected from a list of 4368 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Yoshio Kase - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the blood brain barrier permeability of 18β glycyrrhetinic acid a major metabolite of glycyrrhizin in glycyrrhiza root a constituent of the traditional japanese medicine yokukansan
Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, 2012Co-Authors: Masahiro Tabuchi, Zenji Kawakami, Yasushi Ikarashi, Sachiko Imamura, Yoshio KaseAbstract:18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is a major metabolite of glycyrrhizin (GL), which is one of the components of glycyrrhiza root, a constituent herb of the traditional Japanese medicine yokukansan. It is well known that most GL is metabolized to GA in the intestine by bacteria. A previous in vitro study using cultured rat cortical astrocytes suggested that GA activates glutamate transport, which is a putative mechanism of the Psychotropic Effect of yokukansan. To activate the glutamate transport in the brain, GA must be absorbed into the blood after oral administration of yokukansan and then cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) to reach the brain. However, there is no data on the BBB permeability of GA derived from yokukansan. In the present study, the BBB permeability of GA was investigated in both in vivo and in vitro studies. In the in vivo study, GA was detected in the plasma, brain, and cerebrospinal fluid of rats orally administered yokukansan. In the in vitro study using a BBB model composed of co-culture of endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes, the permeability rate and apparent permeability coefficient of GA were found to be 13.3 ± 0.5 % and 16.5 ± 0.7 × 10−6 cm/s. These in vivo and in vitro results suggest that GL in orally administered yokukansan is absorbed into the blood as GA, and then reaches the brain through the BBB. This evidence further supports the possibility that GA is an active component in the Psychotropic Effect of yokukansan.
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The blood-brain barrier permeability of geissoschizine methyl ether in Uncaria hook, a galenical constituent of the traditional Japanese medicine yokukansan.
Cellular and molecular neurobiology, 2011Co-Authors: Sachiko Imamura, Takuji Yamaguchi, Kyoji Sekiguchi, Yasushi Ikarashi, Akinori Nishi, Masahiro Tabuchi, Hitomi Kanno, Hirotaka Kushida, Yoshio KaseAbstract:Geissoschizine methyl ether (GM) in Uncaria hook, a galenical constituent of yokukansan is thought to be one of active components in the Psychotropic Effect of yokukansan, a traditional Japanese medicine (kampo medicine). However, there is no data on the blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability of Uncaria hook-derived alkaloids containing GM. In this study, we investigated the BBB permeability of seven Uncaria hook alkaloids (GM, isocorynoxeine, isorhynchophylline, hirsuteine, hirsutine, rhynchophylline, and corynoxeine) using in vivo and in vitro methods. In the in vivo experiment, seven alkaloids in the plasma and brain of rats orally administered with yokukansan were measured by liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy/mass spectrometric multiple reaction monitoring assay. In the in vitro experiment, the BBB permeability of seven alkaloids were examined using the BBB model composed of co-culture of endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes. In the in vivo study, six components containing GM but not isocorynoxeine were detected in the plasma, and three (GM, hirsuteine, and corynoxeine) of components were detected in the brain. The in vitro BBB permeability data indicated that seven alkaloids were able to cross brain endothelial cells in culture conditions and that the BBB permeability of GM was higher than those of the other six alkaloids. These results suggest that target ingredient GM in yokukansan administered orally is absorbed into the blood and then reaches the brain through the BBB. This evidence further supports the possibility that GM is an active component in the Psychotropic Effect of yokukansan.
Masahiro Tabuchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the blood brain barrier permeability of 18β glycyrrhetinic acid a major metabolite of glycyrrhizin in glycyrrhiza root a constituent of the traditional japanese medicine yokukansan
Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, 2012Co-Authors: Masahiro Tabuchi, Zenji Kawakami, Yasushi Ikarashi, Sachiko Imamura, Yoshio KaseAbstract:18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is a major metabolite of glycyrrhizin (GL), which is one of the components of glycyrrhiza root, a constituent herb of the traditional Japanese medicine yokukansan. It is well known that most GL is metabolized to GA in the intestine by bacteria. A previous in vitro study using cultured rat cortical astrocytes suggested that GA activates glutamate transport, which is a putative mechanism of the Psychotropic Effect of yokukansan. To activate the glutamate transport in the brain, GA must be absorbed into the blood after oral administration of yokukansan and then cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) to reach the brain. However, there is no data on the BBB permeability of GA derived from yokukansan. In the present study, the BBB permeability of GA was investigated in both in vivo and in vitro studies. In the in vivo study, GA was detected in the plasma, brain, and cerebrospinal fluid of rats orally administered yokukansan. In the in vitro study using a BBB model composed of co-culture of endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes, the permeability rate and apparent permeability coefficient of GA were found to be 13.3 ± 0.5 % and 16.5 ± 0.7 × 10−6 cm/s. These in vivo and in vitro results suggest that GL in orally administered yokukansan is absorbed into the blood as GA, and then reaches the brain through the BBB. This evidence further supports the possibility that GA is an active component in the Psychotropic Effect of yokukansan.
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The blood-brain barrier permeability of geissoschizine methyl ether in Uncaria hook, a galenical constituent of the traditional Japanese medicine yokukansan.
Cellular and molecular neurobiology, 2011Co-Authors: Sachiko Imamura, Takuji Yamaguchi, Kyoji Sekiguchi, Yasushi Ikarashi, Akinori Nishi, Masahiro Tabuchi, Hitomi Kanno, Hirotaka Kushida, Yoshio KaseAbstract:Geissoschizine methyl ether (GM) in Uncaria hook, a galenical constituent of yokukansan is thought to be one of active components in the Psychotropic Effect of yokukansan, a traditional Japanese medicine (kampo medicine). However, there is no data on the blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability of Uncaria hook-derived alkaloids containing GM. In this study, we investigated the BBB permeability of seven Uncaria hook alkaloids (GM, isocorynoxeine, isorhynchophylline, hirsuteine, hirsutine, rhynchophylline, and corynoxeine) using in vivo and in vitro methods. In the in vivo experiment, seven alkaloids in the plasma and brain of rats orally administered with yokukansan were measured by liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy/mass spectrometric multiple reaction monitoring assay. In the in vitro experiment, the BBB permeability of seven alkaloids were examined using the BBB model composed of co-culture of endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes. In the in vivo study, six components containing GM but not isocorynoxeine were detected in the plasma, and three (GM, hirsuteine, and corynoxeine) of components were detected in the brain. The in vitro BBB permeability data indicated that seven alkaloids were able to cross brain endothelial cells in culture conditions and that the BBB permeability of GM was higher than those of the other six alkaloids. These results suggest that target ingredient GM in yokukansan administered orally is absorbed into the blood and then reaches the brain through the BBB. This evidence further supports the possibility that GM is an active component in the Psychotropic Effect of yokukansan.
Sachiko Imamura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the blood brain barrier permeability of 18β glycyrrhetinic acid a major metabolite of glycyrrhizin in glycyrrhiza root a constituent of the traditional japanese medicine yokukansan
Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, 2012Co-Authors: Masahiro Tabuchi, Zenji Kawakami, Yasushi Ikarashi, Sachiko Imamura, Yoshio KaseAbstract:18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is a major metabolite of glycyrrhizin (GL), which is one of the components of glycyrrhiza root, a constituent herb of the traditional Japanese medicine yokukansan. It is well known that most GL is metabolized to GA in the intestine by bacteria. A previous in vitro study using cultured rat cortical astrocytes suggested that GA activates glutamate transport, which is a putative mechanism of the Psychotropic Effect of yokukansan. To activate the glutamate transport in the brain, GA must be absorbed into the blood after oral administration of yokukansan and then cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) to reach the brain. However, there is no data on the BBB permeability of GA derived from yokukansan. In the present study, the BBB permeability of GA was investigated in both in vivo and in vitro studies. In the in vivo study, GA was detected in the plasma, brain, and cerebrospinal fluid of rats orally administered yokukansan. In the in vitro study using a BBB model composed of co-culture of endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes, the permeability rate and apparent permeability coefficient of GA were found to be 13.3 ± 0.5 % and 16.5 ± 0.7 × 10−6 cm/s. These in vivo and in vitro results suggest that GL in orally administered yokukansan is absorbed into the blood as GA, and then reaches the brain through the BBB. This evidence further supports the possibility that GA is an active component in the Psychotropic Effect of yokukansan.
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The blood-brain barrier permeability of geissoschizine methyl ether in Uncaria hook, a galenical constituent of the traditional Japanese medicine yokukansan.
Cellular and molecular neurobiology, 2011Co-Authors: Sachiko Imamura, Takuji Yamaguchi, Kyoji Sekiguchi, Yasushi Ikarashi, Akinori Nishi, Masahiro Tabuchi, Hitomi Kanno, Hirotaka Kushida, Yoshio KaseAbstract:Geissoschizine methyl ether (GM) in Uncaria hook, a galenical constituent of yokukansan is thought to be one of active components in the Psychotropic Effect of yokukansan, a traditional Japanese medicine (kampo medicine). However, there is no data on the blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability of Uncaria hook-derived alkaloids containing GM. In this study, we investigated the BBB permeability of seven Uncaria hook alkaloids (GM, isocorynoxeine, isorhynchophylline, hirsuteine, hirsutine, rhynchophylline, and corynoxeine) using in vivo and in vitro methods. In the in vivo experiment, seven alkaloids in the plasma and brain of rats orally administered with yokukansan were measured by liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy/mass spectrometric multiple reaction monitoring assay. In the in vitro experiment, the BBB permeability of seven alkaloids were examined using the BBB model composed of co-culture of endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes. In the in vivo study, six components containing GM but not isocorynoxeine were detected in the plasma, and three (GM, hirsuteine, and corynoxeine) of components were detected in the brain. The in vitro BBB permeability data indicated that seven alkaloids were able to cross brain endothelial cells in culture conditions and that the BBB permeability of GM was higher than those of the other six alkaloids. These results suggest that target ingredient GM in yokukansan administered orally is absorbed into the blood and then reaches the brain through the BBB. This evidence further supports the possibility that GM is an active component in the Psychotropic Effect of yokukansan.
Yasushi Ikarashi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the blood brain barrier permeability of 18β glycyrrhetinic acid a major metabolite of glycyrrhizin in glycyrrhiza root a constituent of the traditional japanese medicine yokukansan
Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, 2012Co-Authors: Masahiro Tabuchi, Zenji Kawakami, Yasushi Ikarashi, Sachiko Imamura, Yoshio KaseAbstract:18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is a major metabolite of glycyrrhizin (GL), which is one of the components of glycyrrhiza root, a constituent herb of the traditional Japanese medicine yokukansan. It is well known that most GL is metabolized to GA in the intestine by bacteria. A previous in vitro study using cultured rat cortical astrocytes suggested that GA activates glutamate transport, which is a putative mechanism of the Psychotropic Effect of yokukansan. To activate the glutamate transport in the brain, GA must be absorbed into the blood after oral administration of yokukansan and then cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) to reach the brain. However, there is no data on the BBB permeability of GA derived from yokukansan. In the present study, the BBB permeability of GA was investigated in both in vivo and in vitro studies. In the in vivo study, GA was detected in the plasma, brain, and cerebrospinal fluid of rats orally administered yokukansan. In the in vitro study using a BBB model composed of co-culture of endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes, the permeability rate and apparent permeability coefficient of GA were found to be 13.3 ± 0.5 % and 16.5 ± 0.7 × 10−6 cm/s. These in vivo and in vitro results suggest that GL in orally administered yokukansan is absorbed into the blood as GA, and then reaches the brain through the BBB. This evidence further supports the possibility that GA is an active component in the Psychotropic Effect of yokukansan.
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The blood-brain barrier permeability of geissoschizine methyl ether in Uncaria hook, a galenical constituent of the traditional Japanese medicine yokukansan.
Cellular and molecular neurobiology, 2011Co-Authors: Sachiko Imamura, Takuji Yamaguchi, Kyoji Sekiguchi, Yasushi Ikarashi, Akinori Nishi, Masahiro Tabuchi, Hitomi Kanno, Hirotaka Kushida, Yoshio KaseAbstract:Geissoschizine methyl ether (GM) in Uncaria hook, a galenical constituent of yokukansan is thought to be one of active components in the Psychotropic Effect of yokukansan, a traditional Japanese medicine (kampo medicine). However, there is no data on the blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability of Uncaria hook-derived alkaloids containing GM. In this study, we investigated the BBB permeability of seven Uncaria hook alkaloids (GM, isocorynoxeine, isorhynchophylline, hirsuteine, hirsutine, rhynchophylline, and corynoxeine) using in vivo and in vitro methods. In the in vivo experiment, seven alkaloids in the plasma and brain of rats orally administered with yokukansan were measured by liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy/mass spectrometric multiple reaction monitoring assay. In the in vitro experiment, the BBB permeability of seven alkaloids were examined using the BBB model composed of co-culture of endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes. In the in vivo study, six components containing GM but not isocorynoxeine were detected in the plasma, and three (GM, hirsuteine, and corynoxeine) of components were detected in the brain. The in vitro BBB permeability data indicated that seven alkaloids were able to cross brain endothelial cells in culture conditions and that the BBB permeability of GM was higher than those of the other six alkaloids. These results suggest that target ingredient GM in yokukansan administered orally is absorbed into the blood and then reaches the brain through the BBB. This evidence further supports the possibility that GM is an active component in the Psychotropic Effect of yokukansan.
Zenji Kawakami - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the blood brain barrier permeability of 18β glycyrrhetinic acid a major metabolite of glycyrrhizin in glycyrrhiza root a constituent of the traditional japanese medicine yokukansan
Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, 2012Co-Authors: Masahiro Tabuchi, Zenji Kawakami, Yasushi Ikarashi, Sachiko Imamura, Yoshio KaseAbstract:18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is a major metabolite of glycyrrhizin (GL), which is one of the components of glycyrrhiza root, a constituent herb of the traditional Japanese medicine yokukansan. It is well known that most GL is metabolized to GA in the intestine by bacteria. A previous in vitro study using cultured rat cortical astrocytes suggested that GA activates glutamate transport, which is a putative mechanism of the Psychotropic Effect of yokukansan. To activate the glutamate transport in the brain, GA must be absorbed into the blood after oral administration of yokukansan and then cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) to reach the brain. However, there is no data on the BBB permeability of GA derived from yokukansan. In the present study, the BBB permeability of GA was investigated in both in vivo and in vitro studies. In the in vivo study, GA was detected in the plasma, brain, and cerebrospinal fluid of rats orally administered yokukansan. In the in vitro study using a BBB model composed of co-culture of endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes, the permeability rate and apparent permeability coefficient of GA were found to be 13.3 ± 0.5 % and 16.5 ± 0.7 × 10−6 cm/s. These in vivo and in vitro results suggest that GL in orally administered yokukansan is absorbed into the blood as GA, and then reaches the brain through the BBB. This evidence further supports the possibility that GA is an active component in the Psychotropic Effect of yokukansan.
