The Experts below are selected from a list of 33 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Forough Jahandideh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • development and characterization of a novel biodegradable edible film obtained from Psyllium seed plantago ovata forsk
    Journal of Food Engineering, 2012
    Co-Authors: Reza Ahmadi, Ahmad Kalbasiashtari, Abdulrasoul Oromiehie, Mohammadsaeed Yarmand, Forough Jahandideh
    Abstract:

    Abstract In this study, the physical, thermal and mechanical properties of a novel edible film based on Psyllium hydrocolloid (PH) were investigated. PH films were prepared by incorporation of three levels of glycerol (15%, 25%, and 35% w/w). As glycerol concentration increased, water vapor permeability (WVP), percent of elongation (E%) and water solubility of PH films increased whilst, tensile strength (TS), surface hydrophobicity and glass transition point (Tg) decreased significantly. At the level of 15% (W/W) of glycerol, PH films showed the lowest WVP values (1.16 × 10−10 g H2O m−2 s−1 MPa−1), E% (24.57%) and water solubility (47.69%) and the highest values for TS (14.31 MPa), water contact angle (84.47°) and Tg (175.2 °C). By increasing glycerol concentration, PH films became slightly greenish and yellowish in color but still transparent in appearance. This study revealed that the Psyllium hydrocolloid had a good potential to be used in producing edible films with interesting specifications.

Jon A. Story - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • dietary Psyllium increases fecal bile acid excretion total steroid excretion and bile acid biosynthesis in rats
    Journal of Nutrition, 1998
    Co-Authors: Kimberly K. Buhman, Emily J Furumoto, Shawn S. Donkin, Jon A. Story
    Abstract:

    Psyllium, a source of dietary fiber rich in soluble components results in lower serum cholesterol concentration in several species. Suggested mechanisms for the hypocholesterolemic effect include a greater excretion of fecal bile acids and total steroids, and up-regulation of bile acid biosynthesis. The activity of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (7αOHase), the rate limiting enzyme in bile acid biosynthesis, is higher in rats fed 5% Psyllium. Whether this higher activity corresponds to an increase in mRNA levels has not been determined. Four groups of 10 rats were fed a semipurified diet containing 5% cellulose (CEL; control), 5% cellulose plus 1% cholic acid (CCA), 5% cellulose plus 2% cholestyramine (CHY) or 5% Psyllium hydrocolloid (PSY) for 3 wk. Liver cholesterol concentration, fecal bile acid and total steroid excretion, 7αOHase activity and 7αOHase mRNA levels were measured. Liver cholesterol content in rats fed CCA was significantly higher than in all other groups. Rats fed CHY and PSY had significantly lower liver cholesterol content than those fed CEL. Total fecal steroid and bile acid excretions were significantly greater in rats fed CCA, CHY and PSY than in those fed CEL. Activities and mRNA levels of 7αOHase in rats fed CHY and PSY were significantly higher than in rats fed CEL or CCA. These data indicate that feeding Psyllium to rats increases fecal bile acid and total steroid excretion as well as 7αOHase activity and 7αOHase mRNA levels.

  • Cholesterol 7α-Hydroxylase Activity is Increased by Dietary Modification with Psyllium hydrocolloid, Pectin, Cholesterol and Cholestyramine in Rats
    The Journal of nutrition, 1995
    Co-Authors: Hugh B. Matheson, Ivette S. Colón, Jon A. Story
    Abstract:

    Sources of dietary fiber known to alter cholesterol metabolism and/or bile acid pool size were fed to rats, and activity of the rate-limiting step in bile acid synthesis, cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase, was measured. In the first experiment, semipurified diets containing 5% cellulose, Psyllium hydrocolloid, pectin or oat bran as dietary fiber sources or 2% cholestyramine were fed to groups of 10 male Wistar rats for 4 wk. In the second experiment, groups of six rats were fed diets containing 5% cellulose, rice bran, oat bran or Psyllium with and without 0.25% cholesterol. In the first experiment, the activity of cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (pmol.min-1.mg protein-1) was highest in the cholestyramine-treated group (95.6 +/- 3.6), followed by groups fed Psyllium (35.5 +/- 3.5) or pectin (36.0 +/- 4.5), which exhibited more than twice the enzyme activity of groups fed cellulose (16.9 +/- 1.9) or oat bran (12.3 +/- 2.0). In the second experiment, feeding cholesterol resulted in significantly higher enzyme activity when cellulose (65%), oat bran (118%) and rice bran (60%) were fed, but no difference in activity was observed when cholesterol was added to the Psyllium-containing diet. Higher activity of cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase when pectin or Psyllium rather than cellulose was fed may explain the almost twofold higher bile acid pool sizes previously reported in response to feeding either of these fibers. These data support the hypothesis that the hypocholesterolemic effect of soluble fibers is modulated through increased synthesis and therefore pool size of bile acids.

  • Dietary Psyllium hydrocolloid and Pectin Increase Bile Acid Pool Size and Change Bile Acid Composition in Rats
    The Journal of Nutrition, 1994
    Co-Authors: Hugh B. Matheson, Jon A. Story
    Abstract:

    Bile acid composition, synthetic rate and pool size were determined in rats fed diets containing 5 g cellulose, 5 g pectin or 5 g Psyllium hydrocolloid/100 g diet using the washout technique. Bile acid pool sizes were similar for pectin- and Psyllium-fed rats, and both were higher than the pool size for rats fed cellulose (5.48 +/- 1.22, 4.70 +/- 0.71 and 1.77 +/- 0.41 mumol/100 g body wt, respectively). Bile acid secretion rates showed a similar pattern [1730 +/- 496, 1551 +/- 252 and 572 +/- 88 nmol/(h.100 g body wt)], as did basal synthetic rates [129 +/- 25, 126 +/- 42 and 87 +/- 18 pmol/(h.100 g body wt)]. Individual and total bile acid pool sizes were generally higher in animals fed the pectin- or Psyllium-supplemented diet compared with rats fed cellulose. Pectin or Psyllium consumption resulted in a lower hydrophobicity of the bile acid pool and a lower ratio of circulating 12 alpha-hydroxylated to non-12 alpha-hydroxylated bile acids compared with cellulose consumption. This reduced hydrophobicity has been shown to reduce feedback inhibition of bile acid synthesis and may be responsible for the larger bile acid pool size. Changes in the location of reabsorption of bile acids may also be responsible for changes in the pool size and composition. These changes are characteristic of greater sterol excretion.

Reza Ahmadi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • development and characterization of a novel biodegradable edible film obtained from Psyllium seed plantago ovata forsk
    Journal of Food Engineering, 2012
    Co-Authors: Reza Ahmadi, Ahmad Kalbasiashtari, Abdulrasoul Oromiehie, Mohammadsaeed Yarmand, Forough Jahandideh
    Abstract:

    Abstract In this study, the physical, thermal and mechanical properties of a novel edible film based on Psyllium hydrocolloid (PH) were investigated. PH films were prepared by incorporation of three levels of glycerol (15%, 25%, and 35% w/w). As glycerol concentration increased, water vapor permeability (WVP), percent of elongation (E%) and water solubility of PH films increased whilst, tensile strength (TS), surface hydrophobicity and glass transition point (Tg) decreased significantly. At the level of 15% (W/W) of glycerol, PH films showed the lowest WVP values (1.16 × 10−10 g H2O m−2 s−1 MPa−1), E% (24.57%) and water solubility (47.69%) and the highest values for TS (14.31 MPa), water contact angle (84.47°) and Tg (175.2 °C). By increasing glycerol concentration, PH films became slightly greenish and yellowish in color but still transparent in appearance. This study revealed that the Psyllium hydrocolloid had a good potential to be used in producing edible films with interesting specifications.

Ahmad Kalbasiashtari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • development and characterization of a novel biodegradable edible film obtained from Psyllium seed plantago ovata forsk
    Journal of Food Engineering, 2012
    Co-Authors: Reza Ahmadi, Ahmad Kalbasiashtari, Abdulrasoul Oromiehie, Mohammadsaeed Yarmand, Forough Jahandideh
    Abstract:

    Abstract In this study, the physical, thermal and mechanical properties of a novel edible film based on Psyllium hydrocolloid (PH) were investigated. PH films were prepared by incorporation of three levels of glycerol (15%, 25%, and 35% w/w). As glycerol concentration increased, water vapor permeability (WVP), percent of elongation (E%) and water solubility of PH films increased whilst, tensile strength (TS), surface hydrophobicity and glass transition point (Tg) decreased significantly. At the level of 15% (W/W) of glycerol, PH films showed the lowest WVP values (1.16 × 10−10 g H2O m−2 s−1 MPa−1), E% (24.57%) and water solubility (47.69%) and the highest values for TS (14.31 MPa), water contact angle (84.47°) and Tg (175.2 °C). By increasing glycerol concentration, PH films became slightly greenish and yellowish in color but still transparent in appearance. This study revealed that the Psyllium hydrocolloid had a good potential to be used in producing edible films with interesting specifications.

Mohammadsaeed Yarmand - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • development and characterization of a novel biodegradable edible film obtained from Psyllium seed plantago ovata forsk
    Journal of Food Engineering, 2012
    Co-Authors: Reza Ahmadi, Ahmad Kalbasiashtari, Abdulrasoul Oromiehie, Mohammadsaeed Yarmand, Forough Jahandideh
    Abstract:

    Abstract In this study, the physical, thermal and mechanical properties of a novel edible film based on Psyllium hydrocolloid (PH) were investigated. PH films were prepared by incorporation of three levels of glycerol (15%, 25%, and 35% w/w). As glycerol concentration increased, water vapor permeability (WVP), percent of elongation (E%) and water solubility of PH films increased whilst, tensile strength (TS), surface hydrophobicity and glass transition point (Tg) decreased significantly. At the level of 15% (W/W) of glycerol, PH films showed the lowest WVP values (1.16 × 10−10 g H2O m−2 s−1 MPa−1), E% (24.57%) and water solubility (47.69%) and the highest values for TS (14.31 MPa), water contact angle (84.47°) and Tg (175.2 °C). By increasing glycerol concentration, PH films became slightly greenish and yellowish in color but still transparent in appearance. This study revealed that the Psyllium hydrocolloid had a good potential to be used in producing edible films with interesting specifications.