The Experts below are selected from a list of 24 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Kathy Gross - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Select Dietary Fibers Alter GI Microbiome Composition & Promote Fermentative Metabolism in the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract of Healthy Adult Dogs (P20-044-19)
Current Developments in Nutrition, 2019Co-Authors: Dale Fritsch, Susan M. Wernimont, Dayakar Badri, Chun-yen Cochrane, Matthew Jackson, Kathy GrossAbstract:Abstract Objectives The canine gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome is capable of fermenting fibers. We evaluated select dietary plant fibers on canine GI microbiome composition & metabolism. Methods 39 adult dogs were fed a control food (CF) for 4 weeks, then fed a test food (TF) for 4 weeks. (CF: 3411 kcals/kg, 2.2 g total dietary fiber, TDF; 0.5 g soluble fiber, SF; 1.7 g insoluble fiber, INSF per 100 kcal; TF: 3273 kcal/kg, 5.0 g TDF, 0.8 g SF, 4.2 g INSF per 100 kcal). Foods were complete & balanced dry foods & met 2017 AAFCO nutritional guidelines. CF fiber sources: cracked pearled barley, whole corn, whole grain oats, cellulose; TF: cracked pearled barley, whole corn, whole grain oats, ground pecan shells, cellulose, flaxSeed, dried beet pulp, dried citrus pulp, pressed cranberries, dried pumpkin, Psyllium Seed Husks, & ginger root. Feces were collected after 4 weeks of feeding CF and TF, homogenized, & frozen at −80C within 1 hour of defecation. Fecal microbiome 16 s rRNA sequencing was performed using Illumina MiSeq and processed through Mothur. Predicted microbial functions were determined by PICRUSt and analyzed using PERMANOVA. Count-normalized data were CLR transformed & analyzed using negative binomial mixed models. Fecal short chain fatty acids (SCFA) were analyzed using liquid-liquid extraction & gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Results significant at P < 0.05 are reported. The study was reviewed & approved by the Institutional Animal Care & Use Committee, Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. Dogs had access to clean fresh water at all times. Results TF significantly increased fecal acetic acid, decreased putrefactive metabolites such as isobutyric, 2-methylbutyric, & isovaleric acids. The acetate-& lactate-producing genera Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium were significantly increased while Streptococus and Enterococcus were significantly decreased vs CF. Predicted microbial functions representing butyrate, phenylalanine & tyrosine metabolic pathways were significantly different from CF. Conclusions TF shifts canine GI microbiome composition and metabolism toward saccharolytic fermentation & decreases putrefactive metabolites, characteristics which provide beneficial impacts to canine GI health. Funding Sources This study was funded by Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc.
James E Trosko - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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β sitosterol from Psyllium Seed husk plantago ovata forsk restores gap junctional intercellular communication in ha ras transfected rat liver cells
Nutrition and Cancer, 2005Co-Authors: Yasushi Nakamura, Noriko Yoshikawa, Ikumi Hiroki, Kenji Sato, Kozo Ohtsuki, Chiacheng Chang, Brad L Upham, James E TroskoAbstract:We purified compounds from the Husks of Psyllium Seeds (Plantago ovata Forsk; desert Indian wheat), beginning with an ethanol extraction then followed by HP-20 and silica gel chromatography, which restored gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) in v-Ha-ras transfected rat liver epithelial WB-F344 cell line (WB-Ha-ras). GJIC was assessed by a scrape loading dye transfer assay. The active compound was identified as beta-sitosterol based on gas chromatography retention times and electron ionization mass spectroscopy (EI-MS) spectrum of authentic beta-sitosterol. Authentic beta-sitosterol restored GJIC in the tumorigenic WB-Ha-ras GJIC-deficient cells at a dose of 2.4 micromolar. In addition, a similar phytosterol, stigmasterol, also restored GJIC, albeit at a lower activity. beta-sitosterol and stigmasterol increased the level of connexin43 protein (Cx43) and restored phosphorylation of Cx43 to levels similar to the parental nontransfected cell line. We concluded that the restoration of intercellular communication in the GJIC-deficient, tumorigenic WB-Ha-ras cell line by the ethanol soluble fraction of Psyllium Seed Husks is largely due to the presence of the phytosterol, beta-sitosterol. We discuss implications for dietary modulation of cancer by beta-sitosterol.
Kathy Lynn Gross - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Select Dietary Fibers Alter GI Microbiome Composition & Promote Fermentative Metabolism in the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract of Healthy Adult Dogs (P20-044-19)
Current Developments in Nutrition, 2019Co-Authors: Dale A. Fritsch, Susan M. Wernimont, Matthew I. Jackson, Dayakar Badri, Chun-yen Cochrane, Kathy Lynn GrossAbstract:The canine gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome is capable of fermenting fibers. We evaluated select dietary plant fibers on canine GI microbiome composition & metabolism. 39 adult dogs were fed a control food (CF) for 4 weeks, then fed a test food (TF) for 4 weeks. (CF: 3411 kcals/kg, 2.2 g total dietary fiber, TDF; 0.5 g soluble fiber, SF; 1.7 g insoluble fiber, INSF per 100 kcal; TF: 3273 kcal/kg, 5.0 g TDF, 0.8 g SF, 4.2 g INSF per 100 kcal). Foods were complete & balanced dry foods & met 2017 AAFCO nutritional guidelines. CF fiber sources: cracked pearled barley, whole corn, whole grain oats, cellulose; TF: cracked pearled barley, whole corn, whole grain oats, ground pecan shells, cellulose, flaxSeed, dried beet pulp, dried citrus pulp, pressed cranberries, dried pumpkin, Psyllium Seed Husks, & ginger root. Feces were collected after 4 weeks of feeding CF and TF, homogenized, & frozen at −80C within 1 hour of defecation. Fecal microbiome 16 s rRNA sequencing was performed using Illumina MiSeq and processed through Mothur. Predicted microbial functions were determined by PICRUSt and analyzed using PERMANOVA. Count-normalized data were CLR transformed & analyzed using negative binomial mixed models. Fecal short chain fatty acids (SCFA) were analyzed using liquid-liquid extraction & gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Results significant at P
Chun-yen Cochrane - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Select Dietary Fibers Alter GI Microbiome Composition & Promote Fermentative Metabolism in the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract of Healthy Adult Dogs (P20-044-19)
Current Developments in Nutrition, 2019Co-Authors: Dale A. Fritsch, Susan M. Wernimont, Matthew I. Jackson, Dayakar Badri, Chun-yen Cochrane, Kathy Lynn GrossAbstract:The canine gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome is capable of fermenting fibers. We evaluated select dietary plant fibers on canine GI microbiome composition & metabolism. 39 adult dogs were fed a control food (CF) for 4 weeks, then fed a test food (TF) for 4 weeks. (CF: 3411 kcals/kg, 2.2 g total dietary fiber, TDF; 0.5 g soluble fiber, SF; 1.7 g insoluble fiber, INSF per 100 kcal; TF: 3273 kcal/kg, 5.0 g TDF, 0.8 g SF, 4.2 g INSF per 100 kcal). Foods were complete & balanced dry foods & met 2017 AAFCO nutritional guidelines. CF fiber sources: cracked pearled barley, whole corn, whole grain oats, cellulose; TF: cracked pearled barley, whole corn, whole grain oats, ground pecan shells, cellulose, flaxSeed, dried beet pulp, dried citrus pulp, pressed cranberries, dried pumpkin, Psyllium Seed Husks, & ginger root. Feces were collected after 4 weeks of feeding CF and TF, homogenized, & frozen at −80C within 1 hour of defecation. Fecal microbiome 16 s rRNA sequencing was performed using Illumina MiSeq and processed through Mothur. Predicted microbial functions were determined by PICRUSt and analyzed using PERMANOVA. Count-normalized data were CLR transformed & analyzed using negative binomial mixed models. Fecal short chain fatty acids (SCFA) were analyzed using liquid-liquid extraction & gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Results significant at P
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Select Dietary Fibers Alter GI Microbiome Composition & Promote Fermentative Metabolism in the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract of Healthy Adult Dogs (P20-044-19)
Current Developments in Nutrition, 2019Co-Authors: Dale Fritsch, Susan M. Wernimont, Dayakar Badri, Chun-yen Cochrane, Matthew Jackson, Kathy GrossAbstract:Abstract Objectives The canine gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome is capable of fermenting fibers. We evaluated select dietary plant fibers on canine GI microbiome composition & metabolism. Methods 39 adult dogs were fed a control food (CF) for 4 weeks, then fed a test food (TF) for 4 weeks. (CF: 3411 kcals/kg, 2.2 g total dietary fiber, TDF; 0.5 g soluble fiber, SF; 1.7 g insoluble fiber, INSF per 100 kcal; TF: 3273 kcal/kg, 5.0 g TDF, 0.8 g SF, 4.2 g INSF per 100 kcal). Foods were complete & balanced dry foods & met 2017 AAFCO nutritional guidelines. CF fiber sources: cracked pearled barley, whole corn, whole grain oats, cellulose; TF: cracked pearled barley, whole corn, whole grain oats, ground pecan shells, cellulose, flaxSeed, dried beet pulp, dried citrus pulp, pressed cranberries, dried pumpkin, Psyllium Seed Husks, & ginger root. Feces were collected after 4 weeks of feeding CF and TF, homogenized, & frozen at −80C within 1 hour of defecation. Fecal microbiome 16 s rRNA sequencing was performed using Illumina MiSeq and processed through Mothur. Predicted microbial functions were determined by PICRUSt and analyzed using PERMANOVA. Count-normalized data were CLR transformed & analyzed using negative binomial mixed models. Fecal short chain fatty acids (SCFA) were analyzed using liquid-liquid extraction & gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Results significant at P < 0.05 are reported. The study was reviewed & approved by the Institutional Animal Care & Use Committee, Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. Dogs had access to clean fresh water at all times. Results TF significantly increased fecal acetic acid, decreased putrefactive metabolites such as isobutyric, 2-methylbutyric, & isovaleric acids. The acetate-& lactate-producing genera Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium were significantly increased while Streptococus and Enterococcus were significantly decreased vs CF. Predicted microbial functions representing butyrate, phenylalanine & tyrosine metabolic pathways were significantly different from CF. Conclusions TF shifts canine GI microbiome composition and metabolism toward saccharolytic fermentation & decreases putrefactive metabolites, characteristics which provide beneficial impacts to canine GI health. Funding Sources This study was funded by Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc.
Dayakar Badri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Select Dietary Fibers Alter GI Microbiome Composition & Promote Fermentative Metabolism in the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract of Healthy Adult Dogs (P20-044-19)
Current Developments in Nutrition, 2019Co-Authors: Dale A. Fritsch, Susan M. Wernimont, Matthew I. Jackson, Dayakar Badri, Chun-yen Cochrane, Kathy Lynn GrossAbstract:The canine gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome is capable of fermenting fibers. We evaluated select dietary plant fibers on canine GI microbiome composition & metabolism. 39 adult dogs were fed a control food (CF) for 4 weeks, then fed a test food (TF) for 4 weeks. (CF: 3411 kcals/kg, 2.2 g total dietary fiber, TDF; 0.5 g soluble fiber, SF; 1.7 g insoluble fiber, INSF per 100 kcal; TF: 3273 kcal/kg, 5.0 g TDF, 0.8 g SF, 4.2 g INSF per 100 kcal). Foods were complete & balanced dry foods & met 2017 AAFCO nutritional guidelines. CF fiber sources: cracked pearled barley, whole corn, whole grain oats, cellulose; TF: cracked pearled barley, whole corn, whole grain oats, ground pecan shells, cellulose, flaxSeed, dried beet pulp, dried citrus pulp, pressed cranberries, dried pumpkin, Psyllium Seed Husks, & ginger root. Feces were collected after 4 weeks of feeding CF and TF, homogenized, & frozen at −80C within 1 hour of defecation. Fecal microbiome 16 s rRNA sequencing was performed using Illumina MiSeq and processed through Mothur. Predicted microbial functions were determined by PICRUSt and analyzed using PERMANOVA. Count-normalized data were CLR transformed & analyzed using negative binomial mixed models. Fecal short chain fatty acids (SCFA) were analyzed using liquid-liquid extraction & gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Results significant at P
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Select Dietary Fibers Alter GI Microbiome Composition & Promote Fermentative Metabolism in the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract of Healthy Adult Dogs (P20-044-19)
Current Developments in Nutrition, 2019Co-Authors: Dale Fritsch, Susan M. Wernimont, Dayakar Badri, Chun-yen Cochrane, Matthew Jackson, Kathy GrossAbstract:Abstract Objectives The canine gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome is capable of fermenting fibers. We evaluated select dietary plant fibers on canine GI microbiome composition & metabolism. Methods 39 adult dogs were fed a control food (CF) for 4 weeks, then fed a test food (TF) for 4 weeks. (CF: 3411 kcals/kg, 2.2 g total dietary fiber, TDF; 0.5 g soluble fiber, SF; 1.7 g insoluble fiber, INSF per 100 kcal; TF: 3273 kcal/kg, 5.0 g TDF, 0.8 g SF, 4.2 g INSF per 100 kcal). Foods were complete & balanced dry foods & met 2017 AAFCO nutritional guidelines. CF fiber sources: cracked pearled barley, whole corn, whole grain oats, cellulose; TF: cracked pearled barley, whole corn, whole grain oats, ground pecan shells, cellulose, flaxSeed, dried beet pulp, dried citrus pulp, pressed cranberries, dried pumpkin, Psyllium Seed Husks, & ginger root. Feces were collected after 4 weeks of feeding CF and TF, homogenized, & frozen at −80C within 1 hour of defecation. Fecal microbiome 16 s rRNA sequencing was performed using Illumina MiSeq and processed through Mothur. Predicted microbial functions were determined by PICRUSt and analyzed using PERMANOVA. Count-normalized data were CLR transformed & analyzed using negative binomial mixed models. Fecal short chain fatty acids (SCFA) were analyzed using liquid-liquid extraction & gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Results significant at P < 0.05 are reported. The study was reviewed & approved by the Institutional Animal Care & Use Committee, Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. Dogs had access to clean fresh water at all times. Results TF significantly increased fecal acetic acid, decreased putrefactive metabolites such as isobutyric, 2-methylbutyric, & isovaleric acids. The acetate-& lactate-producing genera Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium were significantly increased while Streptococus and Enterococcus were significantly decreased vs CF. Predicted microbial functions representing butyrate, phenylalanine & tyrosine metabolic pathways were significantly different from CF. Conclusions TF shifts canine GI microbiome composition and metabolism toward saccharolytic fermentation & decreases putrefactive metabolites, characteristics which provide beneficial impacts to canine GI health. Funding Sources This study was funded by Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc.