The Experts below are selected from a list of 2985 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Hao Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
preparation and the biopharmaceutical evaluation for the metered dose transdermal spray of dexketoprofen
Journal of drug delivery, 2014Co-Authors: Wangding Lu, Yubo Wu, Hao WangAbstract:The objective of the present work was to develop a metered dose transdermal spray (MDTS) formulation for transdermal delivery of dexketoprofen (DE). DE release from a series of formulations was assessed in vitro. Various qualitative and quantitative parameters like spray pattern, Pump Seal efficiency test, average weight per metered dose, and dose uniformity were evaluated. The optimized formulation with good skin permeation and an appropriate drug concentration and permeation enhancer (PE) content was developed incorporating 7% (w/w, %) DE, 7% (v/v, %) isopropyl myristate (IPM), and 93% (v/v, %) ethanol. In vivo pharmacokinetic study indicated that the optimized formulation showed a more sustainable plasma-concentration profile compared with the Fenli group. The antiinflammatory effect of DE MDTS was evaluated by experiments involving egg-albumin-induced paw edema in rats and xylene-induced ear swelling in mice. Acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction was used to evaluate the anti-nociceptive actions of DE MDTS. Pharmacodynamic studies indicated that the DE MDTS has good anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities. Besides, skin irritation studies were performed using rat as an animal model. The results obtained show that the MDTS can be a promising and innovative therapeutic system used in transdermal drug delivery for DE.
-
Preparation and characterization of a metered dose transdermal spray for testosterone
Elsevier, 2013Co-Authors: Huafei Luo, Zhuangzhi Zhu, Hao WangAbstract:The objective of the present work was to develop a metered dose transdermal spray (MDTS) formulation for transdermal delivery of testosterone and to characterize its efficacy. Testosterone release from a series of formulations was assessed in vitro. Skin from hairless mice was used in permeation experiments with Franz diffusion cells. The spray pattern, Pump Seal efficiency, average weight per metered dose and dose uniformity were evaluated. An optimized formulation containing 10% (w/v) testosterone, 9% (v/v) azone and 91% (v/v) ethanol was based on good skin permeation and acceptable drug concentration and permeation enhancer (PE) content. A skin irritation study indicated that the formulation was non-irritating in a rat model. An in vivo pharmacokinetic study indicated that the optimized formulation showed a different plasma concentration-time profile from that of the commercially available product Testopatch®. The Testopatch® product demonstrated a more sustainable drug release. The evaluation of the testosterone MDTS indicated that it could deliver reproducible amounts of the formulation per actuation. The results obtained showed that the MDTS is a potential alternative therapeutic system for transdermal testosterone delivery
K. Umminger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
experimental and numerical investigation of boron dilution transients in pressurized water reactors
Nuclear Technology, 2003Co-Authors: Roland J Hertlein, K. Umminger, Soren Kliem, Horstmichael Prasser, Thomas Hohne, Frankpeter WeissAbstract:Within the pressurized water reactor (PWR) safety analyses, attention has increasingly focused in recent years on boron dilution events that could potentially lead to reactivity transients. Mixing of the low-boron water with the ambient coolant of higher boron content provides an important mitigation mechanism before the low-boron water enters the core.Experimental support is needed to validate the computational tools to be applied to analyze the mixing of the low-boron water. Experiments were performed in the three test facilities - the Upper Plenum Test Facility (UPTF), the Primaerkreislauf (PKL), and the Rossendorf coolant mixing model (ROCOM) - in Germany.The relevant PKL and UPTF tests were focused on small-break loss-of-coolant accident (SBLOCA) scenarios with reflux-condenser mode and restart of natural circulation. The two test facilities represent a typical western-type PWR and are/were operated by Siemens/KWU now Framatome ANP in Germany. While the restart of natural circulation was investigated in the PKL system test facility (volume 1:145, height 1:1), the UPTF experiments dealt with the mixing of water flows with different boron concentration in the cold legs, reactor pressure vessel (RPV) downcomer, and the lower plenum (all these components were full-scale models).The results from the PKL test facility demonstrate that in case ofmore » a postulated SBLOCA with reflux condensation phase, natural circulation does not start up simultaneously in all loops. This means that slugs of condensate, which might have accumulated in the Pump Seal during reflux-condenser mode of operation, would reach the RPV at different points in time. The UPTF tests showed an almost ideal mixing of water flows with different boron concentration in the RPV downcomer.The ROCOM test facility has been built in a linear scale of 1:5 for the investigation of coolant mixing phenomena in a wide range of flow conditions in the RPV of the German KONVOI-type PWR. The test results presented are focused on the mixing of a slug of deborated water during the startup of the first reactor coolant Pump. Based on experimentally determined pulse responses, a semianalytical model for the description of coolant mixing inside the KONVOI RPV has been developed. Calculations for a presumed boron dilution event during the startup of the first reactor coolant Pump have been carried out by means of the semianalytical model and independently by means of the computational fluid dynamics code CFX-4. The semianalytical model is able to describe the time dependent behavior of the deboration front at each fuel element position in a good agreement with the experiment. All main mixing effects, observed in the experiment, are also reproduced by the CFX calculation.« less
-
Thermal hydraulics of PWRS with respect to boron dilution phenomena. Experimental results from the test facilities PKL and UPTF
Nuclear Engineering and Design, 2001Co-Authors: K. Umminger, W. Kastner, J Liebert, T MullAbstract:Abstract Within the PWR safety analyses, attention has increasingly focused in recent years on boron dilution events which could potentially lead to reactivity transients. In Germany, the current discussion concerning boron dilution events is focused on small break loss of coolant accident (SB-LOCA) scenarios with reflux-condenser mode and restart of natural circulation (NC). The investigation of this topic was the subject of experiments performed in the Primarkreislauf (PKL) test facility and in the upper plenum test facility (UPTF). The two test facilities represent a typical western-type pressurized water reactor (PWR) and are/were operated by Siemens/KWU in Germany. While the restart of NC was investigated in the PKL system test facility (volume 1:145, height 1:1), the UPTF experiments dealt with the mixing of water flows with different boron concentration in the cold legs, reactor pressure vessel (RPV) downcomer and the lower plenum (all these components were full-scale models). The results from the PKL test facility demonstrate that in case of a postulated SB-LOCA (30 cm 2 -break in the cold leg; two out of four high pressure safety injection Pumps (HP-SIPs) available) NC does not start up simultaneously in all loops. This means, that plugs of non-borated condensate, that might have accumulated in the Pump Seal during reflux condenser mode of operation, would reach the RPV at different points in time. The UPTF tests showed an almost ideal mixing of water flows with different boron concentration in the RPV downcomer. The most important results from PKL and UPTF tests which concern boron dilution events following the restart of NC are presented in this paper.
Huafei Luo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Preparation and characterization of a metered dose transdermal spray for testosterone
Elsevier, 2013Co-Authors: Huafei Luo, Zhuangzhi Zhu, Hao WangAbstract:The objective of the present work was to develop a metered dose transdermal spray (MDTS) formulation for transdermal delivery of testosterone and to characterize its efficacy. Testosterone release from a series of formulations was assessed in vitro. Skin from hairless mice was used in permeation experiments with Franz diffusion cells. The spray pattern, Pump Seal efficiency, average weight per metered dose and dose uniformity were evaluated. An optimized formulation containing 10% (w/v) testosterone, 9% (v/v) azone and 91% (v/v) ethanol was based on good skin permeation and acceptable drug concentration and permeation enhancer (PE) content. A skin irritation study indicated that the formulation was non-irritating in a rat model. An in vivo pharmacokinetic study indicated that the optimized formulation showed a different plasma concentration-time profile from that of the commercially available product Testopatch®. The Testopatch® product demonstrated a more sustainable drug release. The evaluation of the testosterone MDTS indicated that it could deliver reproducible amounts of the formulation per actuation. The results obtained showed that the MDTS is a potential alternative therapeutic system for transdermal testosterone delivery
T Mull - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Thermal hydraulics of PWRS with respect to boron dilution phenomena. Experimental results from the test facilities PKL and UPTF
Nuclear Engineering and Design, 2001Co-Authors: K. Umminger, W. Kastner, J Liebert, T MullAbstract:Abstract Within the PWR safety analyses, attention has increasingly focused in recent years on boron dilution events which could potentially lead to reactivity transients. In Germany, the current discussion concerning boron dilution events is focused on small break loss of coolant accident (SB-LOCA) scenarios with reflux-condenser mode and restart of natural circulation (NC). The investigation of this topic was the subject of experiments performed in the Primarkreislauf (PKL) test facility and in the upper plenum test facility (UPTF). The two test facilities represent a typical western-type pressurized water reactor (PWR) and are/were operated by Siemens/KWU in Germany. While the restart of NC was investigated in the PKL system test facility (volume 1:145, height 1:1), the UPTF experiments dealt with the mixing of water flows with different boron concentration in the cold legs, reactor pressure vessel (RPV) downcomer and the lower plenum (all these components were full-scale models). The results from the PKL test facility demonstrate that in case of a postulated SB-LOCA (30 cm 2 -break in the cold leg; two out of four high pressure safety injection Pumps (HP-SIPs) available) NC does not start up simultaneously in all loops. This means, that plugs of non-borated condensate, that might have accumulated in the Pump Seal during reflux condenser mode of operation, would reach the RPV at different points in time. The UPTF tests showed an almost ideal mixing of water flows with different boron concentration in the RPV downcomer. The most important results from PKL and UPTF tests which concern boron dilution events following the restart of NC are presented in this paper.
Wangding Lu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
preparation and the biopharmaceutical evaluation for the metered dose transdermal spray of dexketoprofen
Journal of drug delivery, 2014Co-Authors: Wangding Lu, Yubo Wu, Hao WangAbstract:The objective of the present work was to develop a metered dose transdermal spray (MDTS) formulation for transdermal delivery of dexketoprofen (DE). DE release from a series of formulations was assessed in vitro. Various qualitative and quantitative parameters like spray pattern, Pump Seal efficiency test, average weight per metered dose, and dose uniformity were evaluated. The optimized formulation with good skin permeation and an appropriate drug concentration and permeation enhancer (PE) content was developed incorporating 7% (w/w, %) DE, 7% (v/v, %) isopropyl myristate (IPM), and 93% (v/v, %) ethanol. In vivo pharmacokinetic study indicated that the optimized formulation showed a more sustainable plasma-concentration profile compared with the Fenli group. The antiinflammatory effect of DE MDTS was evaluated by experiments involving egg-albumin-induced paw edema in rats and xylene-induced ear swelling in mice. Acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction was used to evaluate the anti-nociceptive actions of DE MDTS. Pharmacodynamic studies indicated that the DE MDTS has good anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities. Besides, skin irritation studies were performed using rat as an animal model. The results obtained show that the MDTS can be a promising and innovative therapeutic system used in transdermal drug delivery for DE.
