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Alan A. Marchiondo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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efficacy of Pyrantel Pamoate and ivermectin paste formulations against naturally acquired oxyuris equi infections in horses
Veterinary Parasitology, 2010Co-Authors: Craig R Reinemeyer, Julio C Prado, Eric C Nichols, Alan A. MarchiondoAbstract:Abstract In recent years, numerous veterinary practitioners have reported anecdotal episodes in which anthelmintic treatment did not appear to deliver the expected efficacy against equine pinworms ( Oxyuris equi ). Anthelmintic resistance has not been demonstrated formally in equine pinworms, so a clinical study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of paste formulations of Pyrantel Pamoate or ivermectin against naturally acquired infections with O. equi . Twenty-one horses (>4 months to 15 years of age) with patent, naturally acquired pinworm infections were blocked by source of origin and allocated randomly to one of three treatment groups: horses ( n = 7) assigned to Group 1 were treated orally with Pyrantel Pamoate paste at a dosage of 13.2 mg/kg (2× label dosage), Group 2 horses ( n = 7) were untreated controls, and horses ( n = 7) assigned to Group 3 were treated orally with ivermectin paste at a dosage of 200 μg/kg. Fourteen days after treatment, horses were euthanatized, necropsied, and large intestinal contents were processed for recovery of adult pinworms. In addition, duplicate 1% aliquots of intestinal contents from the cecum, ventral colon, dorsal colon, and small colon were collected, preserved, and examined for recovery and enumeration of fourth-stage larval O. equi . Anthelmintic efficacy against pinworms was evaluated by comparing the post-treatment worm counts of Groups 1 and 3 to those of control animals. Mean numbers of O. equi adults recovered postmortem were significantly decreased by both Pyrantel Pamoate ( P = 0.0366) and ivermectin ( P = 0.0137) treatment, with respective efficacies of 91.2% and 96.0%. In addition, both products demonstrated >99% efficacy against fourth-stage O. equi larvae. The current study demonstrated acceptable adulticidal and larvicidal efficacy of both Pyrantel Pamoate and ivermectin paste formulations against O. equi and did not support the existence of macrocyclic lactone or pyrimidine resistance in the pinworm populations evaluated.
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efficacy of Pyrantel Pamoate against a macrocyclic lactone resistant isolate of parascaris equorum in horses
Veterinary Parasitology, 2010Co-Authors: Craig R Reinemeyer, Julio C Prado, Eric C Nichols, Alan A. MarchiondoAbstract:Abstract The expanding prevalence of Parascaris equorum populations that are resistant to macrocyclic lactone (ML) anthelmintics makes it desirable to identify dewormers which remain effective. The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of Pyrantel Pamoate in 14 suckling foals that had been infected orally with ∼600 larvated eggs of a P. equorum isolate selected for ML resistance (ML-R). Seventy days after inoculation, foals were weaned, housed individually, and fecal samples were examined frequently to detect the onset of patency. Between 73 and 80 days post-inoculation, all 14 foals developed P. equorum egg counts ≥150 eggs per gram (EPG). An initial cohort of eight foals was treated orally with ivermectin paste (200 μg/kg) 84–91 days post-inoculation. Egg counts were reduced by only 47% at 2 weeks after ivermectin treatment, confirming the ML-R status of the isolate. A second cohort of six foals was not treated with ivermectin. Within each cohort, eligible foals were allocated randomly to treated (Pyrantel Pamoate; n = 7) or untreated control (n = 7) groups. Treated foals were dosed orally on Day 0 with a paste formulation of Pyrantel Pamoate at 13.2 mg/kg. Mean ascarid egg counts of treated foals were reduced by 96.0% and 98.8% at 1 and 2 weeks post-treatment, respectively. On Day 14, foals were euthanatized and specimens of P. equorum were recovered from the gut contents, preserved in 10% formalin, and counted. Mean numbers of P. equorum adults recovered postmortem were significantly lower (P = 0.0031) in foals treated with Pyrantel Pamoate ( X ¯ = 1.7 ; range 0–16) compared to control foals ( X ¯ = 63.0 ; range 0–320). A paste formulation of Pyrantel Pamoate, at a dosage of 13.2 mg/kg, was 97.3% effective against a ML-R isolate of P. equorum.
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Efficacy of Pyrantel Pamoate against a macrocyclic lactone-resistant isolate of Parascaris equorum in horses.
Veterinary parasitology, 2010Co-Authors: Craig R Reinemeyer, Julio C Prado, Eric C Nichols, Alan A. MarchiondoAbstract:The expanding prevalence of Parascaris equorum populations that are resistant to macrocyclic lactone (ML) anthelmintics makes it desirable to identify dewormers which remain effective. The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of Pyrantel Pamoate in 14 suckling foals that had been infected orally with approximately 600 larvated eggs of a P. equorum isolate selected for ML resistance (ML-R). Seventy days after inoculation, foals were weaned, housed individually, and fecal samples were examined frequently to detect the onset of patency. Between 73 and 80 days post-inoculation, all 14 foals developed P. equorum egg counts>or=150 eggs per gram (EPG). An initial cohort of eight foals was treated orally with ivermectin paste (200 microg/kg) 84-91 days post-inoculation. Egg counts were reduced by only 47% at 2 weeks after ivermectin treatment, confirming the ML-R status of the isolate. A second cohort of six foals was not treated with ivermectin. Within each cohort, eligible foals were allocated randomly to treated (Pyrantel Pamoate; n=7) or untreated control (n=7) groups. Treated foals were dosed orally on Day 0 with a paste formulation of Pyrantel Pamoate at 13.2mg/kg. Mean ascarid egg counts of treated foals were reduced by 96.0% and 98.8% at 1 and 2 weeks post-treatment, respectively. On Day 14, foals were euthanatized and specimens of P. equorum were recovered from the gut contents, preserved in 10% formalin, and counted. Mean numbers of P. equorum adults recovered postmortem were significantly lower (P=0.0031) in foals treated with Pyrantel Pamoate (X=1.7; range 0-16) compared to control foals (X=63.0; range 0-320). A paste formulation of Pyrantel Pamoate, at a dosage of 13.2 mg/kg, was 97.3% effective against a ML-R isolate of P. equorum.
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clinical field efficacy and safety of Pyrantel Pamoate paste 19 13 w w Pyrantel base against anoplocephala spp in naturally infected horses
Veterinary Parasitology, 2006Co-Authors: Alan A. Marchiondo, Craig R Reinemeyer, Gary W White, Larry L Smith, John J Dascanio, Edward G Johnson, Jack I. ShugartAbstract:Clinical field trials were conducted at five geographical locations in the USA (Oklahoma, Wisconsin, Tennessee, Virginia and Idaho) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Pyrantel Pamoate paste (19.13%, w/w, Pyrantel base) administered at the recommended dosage of 13.2 mg Pyrantel base/kg (6.0 mg Pyrantel base/lb) body weight (b.w.) against tapeworm infections of Anoplocephala spp. in naturally infected horses. Horses at each study site were allocated by restricted randomization based on the cestode status (positive or negative) of pre-treatment fecal egg counts to complete sets of four animals each or incomplete sets of fewer than four animals. Within sets comprising of two to four horses, one animal was randomly allocated to receive placebo vehicle paste and the remaining horse(s) received Pyrantel Pamoate paste administered orally at a minimum dosage of 13.2 mg Pyrantel base/kg b.w. on Test Day (TD) 0. Single animal sets received Pyrantel Pamoate paste. Fecal samples of horses were collected and examined for equine tapeworm (Anoplocephala spp.) eggs a minimum of four times (once or thrice between TD -28 and -14, twice between TD -14 and -7, and once on TD 0) prior to treatment on TD 0. Fecal samples of horses that were positive for cestode infection pre-treatment were examined for cestode eggs on TD 7, 8, 9, 14, 15 and 16. Cestode-negative pre-treatment horses were not sampled again after treatment. A total of 241 horses (141 mares, 16 stallions and 84 geldings; 6 months-30 yrs of age; 173-646 kg; 13 recognized breeds and various crossbreds) were evaluated. The prevalence of Anoplocephala spp. determined by pre-treatment fecal examination ranged from 38.3% in Idaho to 68.1% in Tennessee with an overall prevalence of 52.3%. Ninety cestode-positive and 88 cestode-negative horses were treated with Pyrantel Pamoate paste, 36 cestode-positive and 27 cestode-negative horses were treated with placebo vehicle paste. Overall, 178 horses were treated with Pyrantel Pamoate paste, and 63 horses were treated with placebo paste. Of the 178 horses treated with Pyrantel Pamoate paste, no drug related, adverse clinical or neurological health events were observed. No doses of Pyrantel Pamoate paste were refused or lost during dosing. At each post-treatment time sampling interval, significantly fewer cestode eggs (P < 0.0115) were passed by cestode-positive horses treated with Pyrantel Pamoate paste compared to cestode-positive horses that received placebo paste. Efficacy of the Pyrantel Pamoate paste treatment ranged from 92 to 96% from TD 7 to TD 16 with an overall efficacy of 95%. The results of these trials demonstrated that Pyrantel Pamoate paste (19.13%, w/w, Pyrantel base) administered orally at a dosage of 13.2 mg Pyrantel base/kg b.w. is highly efficacious (95%) against Anoplocephala spp. and safe for use in horses with no adverse clinical or neurological health events observed under field use conditions.
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Dose-confirmation studies of the cestocidal activity of Pyrantel Pamoate paste in horses.
Veterinary Parasitology, 2006Co-Authors: Craig R Reinemeyer, Alan A. Marchiondo, D. E. Hutchens, P. Eckblad, Jack I. ShugartAbstract:Abstract Dose confirmation studies of the cestocidal activity of Pyrantel Pamoate paste were conducted at two sites in North America during 2001. Horses with naturally-acquired cestode infections were identified by detection of typical Anoplocephala spp. eggs in feces collected between 7 and 92 days prior to treatment. Twenty and 22 horses were enrolled at Site 1 (Urbana, IL) and Site 2 (Knoxville, TN), respectively. Candidate horses were acclimated to study conditions for 14 days, ranked by length of interval since coprologic confirmation, and allocated randomly to one of two treatment groups: (T1) Pyrantel Pamoate paste 13.2 mg Pyrantel base per kilogram body weight administered orally, and (T2) untreated controls. Individual doses of Pyrantel Pamoate paste were prepared on the basis of contemporaneous body weights and administered to Group T1 horses on Day 0. Trained personnel monitored the animals at regular intervals after treatment to detect potential adverse reactions. Horses were euthanatized and necropsied 10–12 days after treatment. The contents of the large and small intestines were collected, and the walls of each organ were rinsed with water and inspected. Attached cestodes were recovered and preserved in 10% formalin. The intestinal contents and rinsed ingesta were washed over a #10-mesh (2 mm aperture) sieve and tapeworms were extracted and preserved. Recovered cestodes were counted and examined at 1–4× magnification for identification to genus and species. At Site 1, specimens of Anoplocephala perfoliata were recovered from seven of 10 control horses, and from one of 10 horses treated with Pyrantel Pamoate. Mean cestode numbers were 4.52 in the control group and 0.07 for treated horses. At Site 2, cestodes were found in 10 of 11 controls (mean 26.2) and in five of 11 horses (mean 1.2) treated with Pyrantel Pamoate. In both studies, Group T1 means were significantly lower than the control group ( P In two dose-confirmation studies, a single, oral treatment of Pyrantel Pamoate paste (19.13% w/w Pyrantel base) at 13.2 mg/kg was ≥95.5% effective against A. perfoliata in naturally-infected horses.
Gerhard A. Schad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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efficacy of an ivermectin Pyrantel Pamoate chewable formulation against the canine hookworms uncinaria stenocephala and ancylostoma caninum
Veterinary Parasitology, 1992Co-Authors: Thomas J. Nolan, John M. Hawdon, Susan L. Longhofer, Carolyn P. Daurio, Gerhard A. SchadAbstract:Abstract The effectiveness of the combination of Pyrantel Pamoate (5 mg kg −1 ) and ivermectin (6 μg kg −1 ) against the canine hookworms Uncinaria stenocephala and Ancylostoma caninum was determined. This combination is intended for monthly use as a heartworm preventative and for treatment and control of canine hookworms. The formulation was found to be effective (99.6% reduction in worm burdens) against both species of hookworms in experimentally infected dogs. No adverse effects due to the drug combination were observed in any dog during the course of this study.
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Efficacy of an ivermectin/Pyrantel Pamoate chewable formulation against the canine hookworms, Uncinaria stenocephala and Ancylostoma caninum.
Veterinary parasitology, 1992Co-Authors: Thomas J. Nolan, John M. Hawdon, Susan L. Longhofer, Carolyn P. Daurio, Gerhard A. SchadAbstract:Abstract The effectiveness of the combination of Pyrantel Pamoate (5 mg kg −1 ) and ivermectin (6 μg kg −1 ) against the canine hookworms Uncinaria stenocephala and Ancylostoma caninum was determined. This combination is intended for monthly use as a heartworm preventative and for treatment and control of canine hookworms. The formulation was found to be effective (99.6% reduction in worm burdens) against both species of hookworms in experimentally infected dogs. No adverse effects due to the drug combination were observed in any dog during the course of this study.
Chairuddin P Lubis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Treatment of intestinal helminthiasis: mebendazole only or mebendazole-Pyrantel Pamoate?
Paediatrica Indonesiana, 2007Co-Authors: Wisman Dalimunthe, Syahril Pasaribu, Charles D. Siregar, Munar Lubis, Chairuddin P LubisAbstract:Although intestinal helminthiasis causes high morbidity and has a negative impact on children's growth and development, the efficacy of antihelmintics for multiple helminthiasis in mass treatment is still doubtful. Objective To compare the efficacy of single dose mebendazole and a combination of Pyrantel Pamoate and mebendazole for the treatment of multiple infections due to Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, and Trichuris trichiura. Methods Subjects were elementary school students in Suka Village, Tiga Panah subdistrict, North Sumatera. They were randomized to either receive mebendazole (M Group) or mebendazole- Pyrantel Pamoate group (MP Group). Stool examinations were perfomed on each subjects on day 7, 14, 21, and 28 after treatment. Analyses were perfomed by using chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results The prevalence of intestinal helminthiasis was 95.4%. T. trichiura (88.7%) was the most common cause of infection followed by A. lumbricoides (79.5%), and hookworm (3.1%). Two hundred thirty nine (76.8%) children had multiple infections. Although the egg reduction rate of intestinal helminthiasis in the combination group was faster than that of the mebendazole group, there was no significant difference in the cure rate of both groups. Conclusion A single dose of mebendazole is preferred for mass treatment of multiple intestinal helminthiasis infections. (Paediatr Indones 2007;47:216-220).
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Albendazole versus combined Pyrantel Pamoate-mebendazole in the treatment of mixed infection of soil-transmitted helminthiasis
Paediatrica Indonesiana, 2006Co-Authors: Tiangsa Sembiring, Evi Kamelia, T. Ernalisna, Syahril Pasaribu, Chairuddin P LubisAbstract:Background Soil transmitted helminthiasis is still highly prevalent in Indonesia, especially in rural area and among poor socio-economic population. Helminthiasis is frequently found as a single or mixed infection. It is difficult to get a medication with better efficacy, low cost, and simple administration for all types of worms. Objective The aim of this sudy was to compare the effectiveness of albendazole and Pyrantel Pamoate-mebendazole combination in treating soil-transmitted helminthiasis. Methods A randomized clinical trial was perionned in September until November 1995 on students of a primary school in Tanjung Anom Village whose stool examinations showed mixed infection of helminthiasis. Subjects were randomly allocated into two groups. The A group was treated with 400 mg oral albendazole as a single dose, while the B group was treated with the combination of Pyrantel Pamoate 10 mg/kg body weight as a single dose and mebendazole 100 mg twice a day for three consecutive days. Cure was considered if in the stool examination, no wonn eggs were found. Statistical analysis was periormed by Chi-square test with confidence interval of 95% and p value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Results Out of 541 children, mixed infection of soil-transmitted helminthiasis was found in 374 children (69%). Three hundreds sixty-six children completed the study, consisted of 182 children in group A and 184 in group B. At 3 weeks after treatment, the cure rate in the A group was significantly better compared to that in B group. Conclusions Albendazole was more effective than the combination of Pyrantel Pamoate - mebendazole for treating mixed infection of soil-transmitted helminthiasis. Besides the administration was simpler and caused minimal side effect.
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uji klinis acak tersamar ganda albendazole dengan gabungan Pyrantel Pamoate mebendazole
2004Co-Authors: Chairuddin P LubisAbstract:PENDAHULUAN Di Indonesia, penyakit cacing usus fang ditularkan melalui tanah (soil transmitted helminthiasis) masih merupakan penyakit rakyat dengan prevalensi yang cukup tinggi, terutama pada masyarakat dengan sosio-ekonomi rendah di pedesaan l,2,3,4. Penyakit ini sering ditemukan secara tunggal maupun campuran dari cacing Ascaris limbricoides; Trichuris trichiura dan cacing tambang, yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan gizi, anemia, ganggu pertumbuhan dan kecerdasan 4,5,6,7,8. Akan tetapi oleh karena infeksi yang terjadi sering tanpa gejala, sehingga penyakit ini dianggap bukanlah merupakan penyakit yang berbahaya 4,5. Secara ekonomi penyaki t ini juga mempunyai dampak yang luas, seperti yang terlukis pada pidato pengukuhan E . Kosin, dimana disebutkan bahwa bila cacing-cacing yang terdapat dalam usus penduduk Indonesia itu di sambung-sambung, maka panjangnya akan mencapai 595.000 Km atau 108 kali jarak Sabang-Herauke dan ini menghabiskan 333.200 Kg karbohidrat sehari atau setara dengan 41.6.500 Kg beras. Penyakit kecacingan ini sering ditemukan pada anak usia sekolah, sehingga akan mempunyai pengaruh terhadap tingkat kecerdasan seorang anak. Pengobatan infeksi tunggal dengan salah satu soil transmitted helminthiasis umumnya memberikan jenis hasil yang baik, akan tetapi pengobatan terhadap infeksi campuran masih merupakan suatu problema karena sulitnya mencari chat yang mempunyai efikasi yang baik untuk semua jenis cacing serta cara pemberian yang sederhana dan harga yang terjangkau. Di Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara, standar pengobatan untuk infeksi campuran soil transmitted helminthiasis adalah berdasarkan hasil penelitian Chairuddin P. Lubis dkk pada tahun 197720, yaitu gabungan Pyrantel Pamoate 10 mg/kgBB/dosis tungal diberikan pada pagi hari, dan Mebendazole . 2 x 100 mg/hari selama 3 hari, dimana penderita harus mempunyai disiplin yang tinggi untuk" mendapatkan hasil yang baik, sehingga untuk itu perlu dicari jenis obat yang dapat bekerja untuk semua jenis soil transmitted nelminthiasis dan cara pemberian yang sederhana dan efikasi yang minimal sama dengan obat cacing yang dipergunakan selama ini. Belakangan ini telah terjadi perkembangan obat anthelmintik yang pesat, dimana telah ditemukan obat cacing yang baru seperti Oxantel-Pyrantel Pamoatei Mebendazole 500 mg dan yang terakhir adalah Albendazole yang dikatakan mempunyai hasil yang
Jack I. Shugart - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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clinical field efficacy and safety of Pyrantel Pamoate paste 19 13 w w Pyrantel base against anoplocephala spp in naturally infected horses
Veterinary Parasitology, 2006Co-Authors: Alan A. Marchiondo, Craig R Reinemeyer, Gary W White, Larry L Smith, John J Dascanio, Edward G Johnson, Jack I. ShugartAbstract:Clinical field trials were conducted at five geographical locations in the USA (Oklahoma, Wisconsin, Tennessee, Virginia and Idaho) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Pyrantel Pamoate paste (19.13%, w/w, Pyrantel base) administered at the recommended dosage of 13.2 mg Pyrantel base/kg (6.0 mg Pyrantel base/lb) body weight (b.w.) against tapeworm infections of Anoplocephala spp. in naturally infected horses. Horses at each study site were allocated by restricted randomization based on the cestode status (positive or negative) of pre-treatment fecal egg counts to complete sets of four animals each or incomplete sets of fewer than four animals. Within sets comprising of two to four horses, one animal was randomly allocated to receive placebo vehicle paste and the remaining horse(s) received Pyrantel Pamoate paste administered orally at a minimum dosage of 13.2 mg Pyrantel base/kg b.w. on Test Day (TD) 0. Single animal sets received Pyrantel Pamoate paste. Fecal samples of horses were collected and examined for equine tapeworm (Anoplocephala spp.) eggs a minimum of four times (once or thrice between TD -28 and -14, twice between TD -14 and -7, and once on TD 0) prior to treatment on TD 0. Fecal samples of horses that were positive for cestode infection pre-treatment were examined for cestode eggs on TD 7, 8, 9, 14, 15 and 16. Cestode-negative pre-treatment horses were not sampled again after treatment. A total of 241 horses (141 mares, 16 stallions and 84 geldings; 6 months-30 yrs of age; 173-646 kg; 13 recognized breeds and various crossbreds) were evaluated. The prevalence of Anoplocephala spp. determined by pre-treatment fecal examination ranged from 38.3% in Idaho to 68.1% in Tennessee with an overall prevalence of 52.3%. Ninety cestode-positive and 88 cestode-negative horses were treated with Pyrantel Pamoate paste, 36 cestode-positive and 27 cestode-negative horses were treated with placebo vehicle paste. Overall, 178 horses were treated with Pyrantel Pamoate paste, and 63 horses were treated with placebo paste. Of the 178 horses treated with Pyrantel Pamoate paste, no drug related, adverse clinical or neurological health events were observed. No doses of Pyrantel Pamoate paste were refused or lost during dosing. At each post-treatment time sampling interval, significantly fewer cestode eggs (P < 0.0115) were passed by cestode-positive horses treated with Pyrantel Pamoate paste compared to cestode-positive horses that received placebo paste. Efficacy of the Pyrantel Pamoate paste treatment ranged from 92 to 96% from TD 7 to TD 16 with an overall efficacy of 95%. The results of these trials demonstrated that Pyrantel Pamoate paste (19.13%, w/w, Pyrantel base) administered orally at a dosage of 13.2 mg Pyrantel base/kg b.w. is highly efficacious (95%) against Anoplocephala spp. and safe for use in horses with no adverse clinical or neurological health events observed under field use conditions.
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Dose-confirmation studies of the cestocidal activity of Pyrantel Pamoate paste in horses.
Veterinary Parasitology, 2006Co-Authors: Craig R Reinemeyer, Alan A. Marchiondo, D. E. Hutchens, P. Eckblad, Jack I. ShugartAbstract:Abstract Dose confirmation studies of the cestocidal activity of Pyrantel Pamoate paste were conducted at two sites in North America during 2001. Horses with naturally-acquired cestode infections were identified by detection of typical Anoplocephala spp. eggs in feces collected between 7 and 92 days prior to treatment. Twenty and 22 horses were enrolled at Site 1 (Urbana, IL) and Site 2 (Knoxville, TN), respectively. Candidate horses were acclimated to study conditions for 14 days, ranked by length of interval since coprologic confirmation, and allocated randomly to one of two treatment groups: (T1) Pyrantel Pamoate paste 13.2 mg Pyrantel base per kilogram body weight administered orally, and (T2) untreated controls. Individual doses of Pyrantel Pamoate paste were prepared on the basis of contemporaneous body weights and administered to Group T1 horses on Day 0. Trained personnel monitored the animals at regular intervals after treatment to detect potential adverse reactions. Horses were euthanatized and necropsied 10–12 days after treatment. The contents of the large and small intestines were collected, and the walls of each organ were rinsed with water and inspected. Attached cestodes were recovered and preserved in 10% formalin. The intestinal contents and rinsed ingesta were washed over a #10-mesh (2 mm aperture) sieve and tapeworms were extracted and preserved. Recovered cestodes were counted and examined at 1–4× magnification for identification to genus and species. At Site 1, specimens of Anoplocephala perfoliata were recovered from seven of 10 control horses, and from one of 10 horses treated with Pyrantel Pamoate. Mean cestode numbers were 4.52 in the control group and 0.07 for treated horses. At Site 2, cestodes were found in 10 of 11 controls (mean 26.2) and in five of 11 horses (mean 1.2) treated with Pyrantel Pamoate. In both studies, Group T1 means were significantly lower than the control group ( P In two dose-confirmation studies, a single, oral treatment of Pyrantel Pamoate paste (19.13% w/w Pyrantel base) at 13.2 mg/kg was ≥95.5% effective against A. perfoliata in naturally-infected horses.
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Dose-confirmation studies of the cestocidal activity of Pyrantel Pamoate paste in horses.
Veterinary parasitology, 2006Co-Authors: Craig R Reinemeyer, Alan A. Marchiondo, D. E. Hutchens, Wm P Eckblad, Jack I. ShugartAbstract:Dose confirmation studies of the cestocidal activity of Pyrantel Pamoate paste were conducted at two sites in North America during 2001. Horses with naturally-acquired cestode infections were identified by detection of typical Anoplocephala spp. eggs in feces collected between 7 and 92 days prior to treatment. Twenty and 22 horses were enrolled at Site 1 (Urbana, IL) and Site 2 (Knoxville, TN), respectively. Candidate horses were acclimated to study conditions for 14 days, ranked by length of interval since coprologic confirmation, and allocated randomly to one of two treatment groups: (T1) Pyrantel Pamoate paste 13.2mg Pyrantel base per kilogram body weight administered orally, and (T2) untreated controls. Individual doses of Pyrantel Pamoate paste were prepared on the basis of contemporaneous body weights and administered to Group T1 horses on Day 0. Trained personnel monitored the animals at regular intervals after treatment to detect potential adverse reactions. Horses were euthanatized and necropsied 10-12 days after treatment. The contents of the large and small intestines were collected, and the walls of each organ were rinsed with water and inspected. Attached cestodes were recovered and preserved in 10% formalin. The intestinal contents and rinsed ingesta were washed over a #10-mesh (2mm aperture) sieve and tapeworms were extracted and preserved. Recovered cestodes were counted and examined at 1-4x magnification for identification to genus and species. At Site 1, specimens of Anoplocephala perfoliata were recovered from seven of 10 control horses, and from one of 10 horses treated with Pyrantel Pamoate. Mean cestode numbers were 4.52 in the control group and 0.07 for treated horses. At Site 2, cestodes were found in 10 of 11 controls (mean 26.2) and in five of 11 horses (mean 1.2) treated with Pyrantel Pamoate. In both studies, Group T1 means were significantly lower than the control group (Por=95.5% effective against A. perfoliata in naturally-infected horses.
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Clinical field efficacy and safety of Pyrantel Pamoate paste (19.13% w/w Pyrantel base) against Anoplocephala spp. in naturally infected horses.
Veterinary parasitology, 2006Co-Authors: Alan A. Marchiondo, Craig R Reinemeyer, Gary W White, Larry L Smith, John J Dascanio, Edward G Johnson, Jack I. ShugartAbstract:Clinical field trials were conducted at five geographical locations in the USA (Oklahoma, Wisconsin, Tennessee, Virginia and Idaho) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Pyrantel Pamoate paste (19.13%, w/w, Pyrantel base) administered at the recommended dosage of 13.2 mg Pyrantel base/kg (6.0 mg Pyrantel base/lb) body weight (b.w.) against tapeworm infections of Anoplocephala spp. in naturally infected horses. Horses at each study site were allocated by restricted randomization based on the cestode status (positive or negative) of pre-treatment fecal egg counts to complete sets of four animals each or incomplete sets of fewer than four animals. Within sets comprising of two to four horses, one animal was randomly allocated to receive placebo vehicle paste and the remaining horse(s) received Pyrantel Pamoate paste administered orally at a minimum dosage of 13.2 mg Pyrantel base/kg b.w. on Test Day (TD) 0. Single animal sets received Pyrantel Pamoate paste. Fecal samples of horses were collected and examined for equine tapeworm (Anoplocephala spp.) eggs a minimum of four times (once or thrice between TD -28 and -14, twice between TD -14 and -7, and once on TD 0) prior to treatment on TD 0. Fecal samples of horses that were positive for cestode infection pre-treatment were examined for cestode eggs on TD 7, 8, 9, 14, 15 and 16. Cestode-negative pre-treatment horses were not sampled again after treatment. A total of 241 horses (141 mares, 16 stallions and 84 geldings; 6 months-30 yrs of age; 173-646 kg; 13 recognized breeds and various crossbreds) were evaluated. The prevalence of Anoplocephala spp. determined by pre-treatment fecal examination ranged from 38.3% in Idaho to 68.1% in Tennessee with an overall prevalence of 52.3%. Ninety cestode-positive and 88 cestode-negative horses were treated with Pyrantel Pamoate paste, 36 cestode-positive and 27 cestode-negative horses were treated with placebo vehicle paste. Overall, 178 horses were treated with Pyrantel Pamoate paste, and 63 horses were treated with placebo paste. Of the 178 horses treated with Pyrantel Pamoate paste, no drug related, adverse clinical or neurological health events were observed. No doses of Pyrantel Pamoate paste were refused or lost during dosing. At each post-treatment time sampling interval, significantly fewer cestode eggs (P < 0.0115) were passed by cestode-positive horses treated with Pyrantel Pamoate paste compared to cestode-positive horses that received placebo paste. Efficacy of the Pyrantel Pamoate paste treatment ranged from 92 to 96% from TD 7 to TD 16 with an overall efficacy of 95%. The results of these trials demonstrated that Pyrantel Pamoate paste (19.13%, w/w, Pyrantel base) administered orally at a dosage of 13.2 mg Pyrantel base/kg b.w. is highly efficacious (95%) against Anoplocephala spp. and safe for use in horses with no adverse clinical or neurological health events observed under field use conditions.
Syahril Pasaribu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparative Efficacy and Reinfection of Albendazole-mebendazole, Albendazole-Pyrantel Pamoate, and Mebendazole on Soil-transmitted Helminths
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2020Co-Authors: Nirmalia Husin, Ayodhia Pitaloka Pasaribu, Muhammad Ali, Erwin Suteno, Wilhans Wijaya, Syahril PasaribuAbstract:BACKGROUND: Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) infection (i.e., Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and hookworm) are commonly found as a single infection as well as a mixture of the three kinds of helminths that requires a broad anthelmintic spectrum. Some study revealed that combination of anthelmintic provides better efficacy. AIM: The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy of combination treatment of albendazole-mebendazole, albendazole-Pyrantel Pamoate, and mebendazole alone in treating STHs infection as well as the rate of reinfection post-treatment. METHODS: In 2018, a randomized controlled trial was conducted in Batubara district, North Sumatera. School-aged children diagnosed for STH were randomly allocated to (1) albendazole-mebendazole; (2) albendazole-Pyrantel Pamoate; or (3) mebendazole treatment groups. Here, we report the efficacy (cure rates [CRs] and egg-reduction rates [ERR]) and reinfection rates determined 12 weeks post-treatment. Chi-square test was used to compare the drug efficacy and reinfection rate between three groups. RESULTS: A total of 309 children complete baseline and follow-up data. The efficacy was determined after 4 weeks post-treatment albendazole-Pyrantel Pamoate showed a significant higher efficacy against A. lumbricoides (CR: 93.5%; ERR: 100%) and T. trichiura (CR: 81.4%; ERR: 99%). For hookworm infection, results showed higher efficacy between the three groups after treatment. The reinfection rates 12 weeks after treatment for A. lumbricoides infection (Group 1: 3.1%; 2: 3%; 3: 1.3%) with p > 0.05 and for T. trichiura infection (Group 1: 19.2%; 2: 25%; 3: 1.5%) with p < 0.05. CONCLUSION: This study showed the excellent efficacy of an albendazole-Pyrantel Pamoate combination against STHs infections. The highest reinfection rate was found in albendazole-Pyrantel Pamoate group for T. trichiura infection.
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Mebendazole vs. mebendazole-Pyrantel Pamoate for soil-transmitted helminthiasis infection in children
Paediatrica Indonesiana, 2013Co-Authors: Fereza Amelia, Syahril PasaribuAbstract:Abstract Background Soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) is the most common infection in developing countries. Although it causes high morbidity, it is still difficult to find the efficacy dose of antihelmintics for its treatment. Objective To determine the efficacy ofmebendazole and mebendazole- Pyrantel Pamoate in treating STH infection in children. Methods We conducted a randomized open-label controlled trial from July to September 2009 in Secanggang, Langkat District, North Sumatera Province, Indonesia, on primary school-aged children. Before the intervention, data on age, sex, nutritional status, and STH infection status were collected. The children were randomized into two groups. Children in group I received a single dose of 500 mgmebendazole while they in group II received a single dose of 500 mg of mebendazole combined with 10 mg/ kgBW of Pyrantel Pamoate. We examined subjects' stool specimens on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 after treatment to determine cure rates and egg reductions. Statistical analyses were performed by Chi square and student's Ttest with 95% confidence intervals and P values of< 0.05 considered to be significant. Results We found that the cure rates were 95.4%, 78.5%, and893% for Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and mixed (A lumbricoides and T trichiura) infections, respectively, in the mebendazole group. The cure rates were 98.5%, 89.2%, and 90.2% for A lumbricoides, T trichiura, and mixed infections, respectively, in the mebendazolePyrantel Pamoate group. Although the cure rate results were not significantly different between the 2 treatment groups, the total eggs per gram (EPG) was significantly lower for both A lumbricoides and T trichiura infections (P=0.001 and P=0.002, respectively) in the combination therapy group than in the mebendazole alone group. Conclusion Mebendazole in combination with Pyrantel Pamoate has higher efficacy than mebendazole alone in terms of faster egg reduction rates. However, the cure rates of these two antihelmintics regimens are similar.
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Treatment of intestinal helminthiasis: mebendazole only or mebendazole-Pyrantel Pamoate?
Paediatrica Indonesiana, 2007Co-Authors: Wisman Dalimunthe, Syahril Pasaribu, Charles D. Siregar, Munar Lubis, Chairuddin P LubisAbstract:Although intestinal helminthiasis causes high morbidity and has a negative impact on children's growth and development, the efficacy of antihelmintics for multiple helminthiasis in mass treatment is still doubtful. Objective To compare the efficacy of single dose mebendazole and a combination of Pyrantel Pamoate and mebendazole for the treatment of multiple infections due to Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, and Trichuris trichiura. Methods Subjects were elementary school students in Suka Village, Tiga Panah subdistrict, North Sumatera. They were randomized to either receive mebendazole (M Group) or mebendazole- Pyrantel Pamoate group (MP Group). Stool examinations were perfomed on each subjects on day 7, 14, 21, and 28 after treatment. Analyses were perfomed by using chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results The prevalence of intestinal helminthiasis was 95.4%. T. trichiura (88.7%) was the most common cause of infection followed by A. lumbricoides (79.5%), and hookworm (3.1%). Two hundred thirty nine (76.8%) children had multiple infections. Although the egg reduction rate of intestinal helminthiasis in the combination group was faster than that of the mebendazole group, there was no significant difference in the cure rate of both groups. Conclusion A single dose of mebendazole is preferred for mass treatment of multiple intestinal helminthiasis infections. (Paediatr Indones 2007;47:216-220).
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Albendazole versus combined Pyrantel Pamoate-mebendazole in the treatment of mixed infection of soil-transmitted helminthiasis
Paediatrica Indonesiana, 2006Co-Authors: Tiangsa Sembiring, Evi Kamelia, T. Ernalisna, Syahril Pasaribu, Chairuddin P LubisAbstract:Background Soil transmitted helminthiasis is still highly prevalent in Indonesia, especially in rural area and among poor socio-economic population. Helminthiasis is frequently found as a single or mixed infection. It is difficult to get a medication with better efficacy, low cost, and simple administration for all types of worms. Objective The aim of this sudy was to compare the effectiveness of albendazole and Pyrantel Pamoate-mebendazole combination in treating soil-transmitted helminthiasis. Methods A randomized clinical trial was perionned in September until November 1995 on students of a primary school in Tanjung Anom Village whose stool examinations showed mixed infection of helminthiasis. Subjects were randomly allocated into two groups. The A group was treated with 400 mg oral albendazole as a single dose, while the B group was treated with the combination of Pyrantel Pamoate 10 mg/kg body weight as a single dose and mebendazole 100 mg twice a day for three consecutive days. Cure was considered if in the stool examination, no wonn eggs were found. Statistical analysis was periormed by Chi-square test with confidence interval of 95% and p value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Results Out of 541 children, mixed infection of soil-transmitted helminthiasis was found in 374 children (69%). Three hundreds sixty-six children completed the study, consisted of 182 children in group A and 184 in group B. At 3 weeks after treatment, the cure rate in the A group was significantly better compared to that in B group. Conclusions Albendazole was more effective than the combination of Pyrantel Pamoate - mebendazole for treating mixed infection of soil-transmitted helminthiasis. Besides the administration was simpler and caused minimal side effect.
