The Experts below are selected from a list of 4392 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Stefanie Hellweg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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influence of input Scrap Quality on the environmental impact of secondary steel production
2017Co-Authors: Melanie Haupt, Carl Vadenbo, Christoph Zeltner, Stefanie HellwegAbstract:Summary In electric arc furnaces (EAFs), different grades of steel Scrap are combined to produce the targeted carbon steel Quality. The goal of this study is to assess the influence of Scrap Quality on the recycling process and on the final product by investigating the effect of the Scrap mix composition, and other inputs, for example, preheating energy, on the electricity demand of the melting process. A large industrial data set (empirical data set of ∼20,000 individual heats recorded during 2.5 years at a Swiss EAF site) is analyzed using linear regression. The influence of Scrap grades on electricity demand are found to correlate strongly with their respective Quality; specific electricity demand is up to 45% higher for low-Quality Scrap than for high-Quality Scrap. Given that chemical compositions of Scrap grades are highly variable and often unknown, average concentrations are determined using linear regression with Scrap input as the predictors and the amounts of the investigated elements in liquid steel as the dependent variable. The lowest Quality (highest copper and tin concentrations) and the highest electricity demand in the EAF are found for Scrap recovered from bottom ashes of municipal solid waste incineration. Although even with low-Quality Scrap input steel recycling is environmentally superior to primary steel production, the optimization potential in terms of energy efficiency and resource recovery, for example, through pretreatment, seems to be substantial.
Melanie Haupt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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influence of input Scrap Quality on the environmental impact of secondary steel production
2017Co-Authors: Melanie Haupt, Carl Vadenbo, Christoph Zeltner, Stefanie HellwegAbstract:Summary In electric arc furnaces (EAFs), different grades of steel Scrap are combined to produce the targeted carbon steel Quality. The goal of this study is to assess the influence of Scrap Quality on the recycling process and on the final product by investigating the effect of the Scrap mix composition, and other inputs, for example, preheating energy, on the electricity demand of the melting process. A large industrial data set (empirical data set of ∼20,000 individual heats recorded during 2.5 years at a Swiss EAF site) is analyzed using linear regression. The influence of Scrap grades on electricity demand are found to correlate strongly with their respective Quality; specific electricity demand is up to 45% higher for low-Quality Scrap than for high-Quality Scrap. Given that chemical compositions of Scrap grades are highly variable and often unknown, average concentrations are determined using linear regression with Scrap input as the predictors and the amounts of the investigated elements in liquid steel as the dependent variable. The lowest Quality (highest copper and tin concentrations) and the highest electricity demand in the EAF are found for Scrap recovered from bottom ashes of municipal solid waste incineration. Although even with low-Quality Scrap input steel recycling is environmentally superior to primary steel production, the optimization potential in terms of energy efficiency and resource recovery, for example, through pretreatment, seems to be substantial.
Jody B. J. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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End-of-life vehicle recycling : state of the art of resource recovery from shredder residue.
2011Co-Authors: Jody B. J., Daniels E. J., Duranceau C. M., Pomykala J. A., Spangenberger J. S. Systems)Abstract:Each year, more than 25 million vehicles reach the end of their service life throughout the world, and this number is rising rapidly because the number of vehicles on the roads is rapidly increasing. In the United States, more than 95% of the 10-15 million Scrapped vehicles annually enter a comprehensive recycling infrastructure that includes auto parts recyclers/dismantlers, remanufacturers, and material recyclers (shredders). Today, over 75% of automotive materials, primarily the metals, are profitably recycled via (1) parts reuse and parts and components remanufacturing and (2) ultimately by the Scrap processing (shredding) industry. The process by which the Scrap processors recover metal Scrap from automobiles involves shredding the obsolete automobile hulks, along with other obsolete metal-containing products (such as white goods, industrial Scrap, and demolition debris), and recovering the metals from the shredded material. The single largest source of recycled ferrous Scrap for the iron and steel industry is obsolete automobiles. The non-metallic fraction that remains after the metals are recovered from the shredded materials - commonly called shredder residue - constitutes about 25% of the weight of the vehicle, and it is disposed of in landfills. This practice is not environmentally friendly, wastes valuable resources, and may become uneconomical. Therefore, it is not sustainable. Over the past 15-20 years, a significant amount of research and development has been undertaken to enhance the recycle rate of end-of-life vehicles, including enhancing dismantling techniques and improving remanufacturing operations. However, most of the effort has been focused on developing technology to separate and recover non-metallic materials, such as polymers, from shredder residue. To make future vehicles more energy efficient, more lightweighting materials - primarily polymers, polymer composites, high-strength steels, and aluminum - will be used in manufacturing these vehicles. Many of these materials increase the percentage of shredder residue that must be disposed of, compared with the percentage of metals that are recovered. In addition, the number of hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles on the road is rapidly increasing. This trend will also introduce new materials for disposal at the end of their useful lives, including batteries. Therefore, as the complexity of automotive materials and systems increases, new technologies will be required to sustain and maximize the ultimate recycling of these materials and systems. Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne), the Vehicle Recycling Partnership, LLC. (VRP) of the United States Council for Automotive Research, LLC. (USCAR), and the American Chemistry Council-Plastics Division (ACC-PD) are working to develop technology for recovering materials from end-of-life vehicles, including separating and recovering polymers and residual metals from shredder residue. Several other organizations worldwide are also working on developing technology for recycling materials from shredder residue. Without a commercially viable shredder industry, our nation and the world will most likely face greater environmental challenges and a decreased supply of Quality Scrap, and thereby be forced to turn to primary ores for the production of finished metals. This will result in increased energy consumption and increased damage to the environment, including increased greenhouse gas emissions. The recycling of polymers, other organics, and residual metals in shredder residue saves the equivalent of over 23 million barrels of oil annually. This results in a 12-million-ton reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. This document presents a review of the state-of-the-art in the recycling of automotive materials
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End-Of-Life Vehicle Recycling: State of the Art of Resource Recovery From Shredder Residue.
2007Co-Authors: Jody B. J., Daniels E. J., Systems EnergyAbstract:Each year, more than 50 million vehicles reach the end of their service life throughout the world. More than 95% of these vehicles enter a comprehensive recycling infrastructure that includes auto parts recyclers/dismantlers, remanufacturers, and material recyclers (shredders). Today, about 75% of automotive materials are profitably recycled via (1) parts reuse and parts and components remanufacturing and (2) ultimately by the Scrap processing (shredding) industry. The process by which the Scrap processors recover metal Scrap from automobiles involves shredding the obsolete automobiles, along with other obsolete metal-containing products (such as white goods, industrial Scrap, and demolition debris), and recovering the metals from the shredded material. The single largest source of recycled ferrous Scrap for the iron and steel industry is obsolete automobiles. The non-metallic fraction that remains after the metals are recovered from the shredded materials (about 25% of the weight of the vehicle)--commonly called shredder residue--is disposed of in landfills. Over the past 10 to 15 years, a significant amount of research and development has been undertaken to enhance the recycle rate of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs), including enhancing dismantling techniques and improving remanufacturing operations. However, most of the effort has focused on developing technology to recover materials, such as polymers, from shredder residue. To make future vehicles more energy efficient, more lighter-weight materials--primarily polymers and polymer composites--will be used in manufacturing these vehicles. These materials increase the percentage of shredder residue that must be disposed of, compared with the percentage of metals. Therefore, as the complexity of automotive materials and systems increases, new technologies will be required to sustain and maximize the ultimate recycling of these materials and systems at end-of-life. Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne), in cooperation with the Vehicle Recycling Partnership (VRP) and the American Plastics Council (APC), is working to develop technology for recycling materials from shredder residue. Several other organizations worldwide are also working on developing technology for recycling shredder residue. Without a commercially viable shredder industry, our nation may face greater environmental challenges and a decreased supply of Quality Scrap and be forced to turn to primary ores for the production of finished metals. This document presents a review of the state of the art in shredder residue recycling. Available technologies and emerging technologies for the recycling of materials from shredder residue are discussed
Systems Energy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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End-Of-Life Vehicle Recycling: State of the Art of Resource Recovery From Shredder Residue.
2007Co-Authors: Jody B. J., Daniels E. J., Systems EnergyAbstract:Each year, more than 50 million vehicles reach the end of their service life throughout the world. More than 95% of these vehicles enter a comprehensive recycling infrastructure that includes auto parts recyclers/dismantlers, remanufacturers, and material recyclers (shredders). Today, about 75% of automotive materials are profitably recycled via (1) parts reuse and parts and components remanufacturing and (2) ultimately by the Scrap processing (shredding) industry. The process by which the Scrap processors recover metal Scrap from automobiles involves shredding the obsolete automobiles, along with other obsolete metal-containing products (such as white goods, industrial Scrap, and demolition debris), and recovering the metals from the shredded material. The single largest source of recycled ferrous Scrap for the iron and steel industry is obsolete automobiles. The non-metallic fraction that remains after the metals are recovered from the shredded materials (about 25% of the weight of the vehicle)--commonly called shredder residue--is disposed of in landfills. Over the past 10 to 15 years, a significant amount of research and development has been undertaken to enhance the recycle rate of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs), including enhancing dismantling techniques and improving remanufacturing operations. However, most of the effort has focused on developing technology to recover materials, such as polymers, from shredder residue. To make future vehicles more energy efficient, more lighter-weight materials--primarily polymers and polymer composites--will be used in manufacturing these vehicles. These materials increase the percentage of shredder residue that must be disposed of, compared with the percentage of metals. Therefore, as the complexity of automotive materials and systems increases, new technologies will be required to sustain and maximize the ultimate recycling of these materials and systems at end-of-life. Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne), in cooperation with the Vehicle Recycling Partnership (VRP) and the American Plastics Council (APC), is working to develop technology for recycling materials from shredder residue. Several other organizations worldwide are also working on developing technology for recycling shredder residue. Without a commercially viable shredder industry, our nation may face greater environmental challenges and a decreased supply of Quality Scrap and be forced to turn to primary ores for the production of finished metals. This document presents a review of the state of the art in shredder residue recycling. Available technologies and emerging technologies for the recycling of materials from shredder residue are discussed
Christoph Zeltner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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influence of input Scrap Quality on the environmental impact of secondary steel production
2017Co-Authors: Melanie Haupt, Carl Vadenbo, Christoph Zeltner, Stefanie HellwegAbstract:Summary In electric arc furnaces (EAFs), different grades of steel Scrap are combined to produce the targeted carbon steel Quality. The goal of this study is to assess the influence of Scrap Quality on the recycling process and on the final product by investigating the effect of the Scrap mix composition, and other inputs, for example, preheating energy, on the electricity demand of the melting process. A large industrial data set (empirical data set of ∼20,000 individual heats recorded during 2.5 years at a Swiss EAF site) is analyzed using linear regression. The influence of Scrap grades on electricity demand are found to correlate strongly with their respective Quality; specific electricity demand is up to 45% higher for low-Quality Scrap than for high-Quality Scrap. Given that chemical compositions of Scrap grades are highly variable and often unknown, average concentrations are determined using linear regression with Scrap input as the predictors and the amounts of the investigated elements in liquid steel as the dependent variable. The lowest Quality (highest copper and tin concentrations) and the highest electricity demand in the EAF are found for Scrap recovered from bottom ashes of municipal solid waste incineration. Although even with low-Quality Scrap input steel recycling is environmentally superior to primary steel production, the optimization potential in terms of energy efficiency and resource recovery, for example, through pretreatment, seems to be substantial.
