The Experts below are selected from a list of 74685 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Lauren Ancel Meyers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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risk for transportation of coronavirus disease from wuhan to other cities in china
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2020Co-Authors: Zhanwei Du, Xiaoke Xu, Xianwen Wang, Benjamin J Cowling, Simon Cauchemez, Lin Wang, Lauren Ancel MeyersAbstract:On January 23, 2020, China Quarantined Wuhan to contain coronavirus disease (COVID-19). We estimated the probability of transportation of COVID-19 from Wuhan to 369 other cities in China before the Quarantine. Expected COVID-19 risk is >50% in 130 (95% CI 89-190) cities and >99% in the 4 largest metropolitan areas.
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risk for transportation of coronavirus disease from wuhan to other cities in china
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2020Co-Authors: Zhanwei Du, Xiaoke Xu, Xianwen Wang, Benjamin J Cowling, Simon Cauchemez, Lin Wang, Lauren Ancel MeyersAbstract:On January 23, 2020, China Quarantined Wuhan to contain 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). We estimated the probability of transportation of COVID-19 from Wuhan to 369 other cities in China before the Quarantine. Expected COVID-19 risk is >50% in 130 (95% CI 89-190) cities and >99% in the 4 largest metropolitan areas.
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risk for transportation of 2019 novel coronavirus covid 19 from wuhan to cities in china
medRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Ling Wang, Xianwen Wang, Benjamin J Cowling, Simon Cauchemez, Lauren Ancel MeyersAbstract:On January 23, 2020, China Quarantined Wuhan to contain an emerging coronavirus (COVID-19). We estimated the probability of transportation of COVID-19 from Wuhan to 369 cities in China before the Quarantine. The expected risk is >50% in 130 (95% CI 89-190) cities and >99% in the 4 largest metropolitan areas of China.
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risk for transportation of 2019 novel coronavirus disease from wuhan to other cities in china
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2020Co-Authors: Lin Wang, Xianwen Wang, Benjamin J Cowling, Simon Cauchemez, Lauren Ancel MeyersAbstract:On January 23, 2020, China Quarantined Wuhan to contain 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) We estimated the probability of transportation of COVID-19 from Wuhan to 369 other cities in China before the Quarantine Expected COVID-19 risk is >50% in 130 (95% CI 89-190) cities and >99% in the 4 largest metropolitan areas
Alison P. Galvani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sufficient strategies for travel Quarantine and testing
2021Co-Authors: Chad R. Wells, Jeffrey P. Townsend, Abhishek Pandey, Meagan C. Fitzpatrick, William Crystal, Alison P. GalvaniAbstract:A major policy tool used by governments during the COVID-19 pandemic has been the imposition of Quarantine and testing requirements on international travel, extending even to the extreme approach of closing national borders. However, both approaches have far-reaching socioeconomic implications. Therefore, we evaluated the implications of Quarantine and testing compared to the reductions achieved by border closure on in-country imminent transmission based on country-specific prevalence, daily incidence, vaccine coverage, immunity, age-demographics, and travel flow. We considered travel Quarantines of 0–14 days with and without RT-PCR or antigen testing for COVID-19 in 31 European countries. Our analysis demonstrates that for the vast majority of origin-destination country pairs, there are combinations of short-duration Quarantine and testing that are as effective as border closure. Furthermore, for most origin-destination country pairs, travel with testing and no Quarantine will reduce imminent in-country transmission more than would border closure. We find that the duration of Quarantine is predominantly influenced by country prevalence and quantity of travel. With higher prevalence in the origin country compared to the destination country, the minimum duration of Quarantine increases from zero to beyond fourteen days (at which point border closure would likely be practical). Asymmetry in travel flow can also cause an increase or decrease of infections within the destination country, respectively resulting in longer and shorter Quarantines. We apply the same framework to genetic variants of concern to limit their spread as a consequence of travel; the widespread variant of concern B.1.1.7 yields similar sufficient Quarantine and testing regimes, whereas the lower-frequency, geographically heterogeneous 501Y.V2 variant requires longer, more specific Quarantines. We show that adaptation of our analytical framework to the European Union traffic-light country risk stratification provides a simplified policy tool. Lastly, we examined the effect of travel Quarantine and testing or border closure policy on hospitalization in the destination country. We find that hospitalization rates in the destination country are far more sensitive to changes in the vaccine coverage than on the duration of the travel Quarantine or the country of origin. Our analysis provides rigorous guidelines enabling travel between most countries during early and late phases of pandemic disease.
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Optimal COVID-19 Quarantine and testing strategies.
Nature communications, 2021Co-Authors: Chad R. Wells, Jeffrey P. Townsend, Abhishek Pandey, Seyed M. Moghadas, Gary R. Krieger, Burton H. Singer, Robert H. Mcdonald, Meagan C. Fitzpatrick, Alison P. GalvaniAbstract:For COVID-19, it is vital to understand if Quarantines shorter than 14 days can be equally effective with judiciously deployed testing. Here, we develop a mathematical model that quantifies the probability of post-Quarantine transmission incorporating testing into travel Quarantine, Quarantine of traced contacts with an unknown time of infection, and Quarantine of cases with a known time of exposure. We find that testing on exit (or entry and exit) can reduce the duration of a 14-day Quarantine by 50%, while testing on entry shortens Quarantine by at most one day. In a real-world test of our theory applied to offshore oil rig employees, 47 positives were obtained with testing on entry and exit to Quarantine, of which 16 had tested negative at entry; preventing an expected nine offshore transmission events that each could have led to outbreaks. We show that appropriately timed testing can make shorter Quarantines effective.
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Optimal COVID-19 Quarantine and testing strategies
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2020Co-Authors: Chad R. Wells, Jeffrey P. Townsend, Abhishek Pandey, Seyed M. Moghadas, Gary R. Krieger, Burton H. Singer, Robert H. Mcdonald, Meagan C. Fitzpatrick, Alison P. GalvaniAbstract:As economic woes of the COVID-19 pandemic deepen, strategies are being formulated to avoid the need for prolonged stay-at-home orders, while implementing risk-based Quarantine, testing, contact tracing and surveillance protocols. Given limited resources and the significant economic, public health and operational challenges of the current 14-day Quarantine recommendation, it is vital to understand if more efficient but equally effective Quarantine and testing strategies can be deployed. To this end, we developed a mathematical model to quantify the probability of post-Quarantine transmission that varied across a range of possible Quarantine durations, timings of molecular testing, and estimated incubation periods. We found that a 13-day Quarantine with testing on entry, a nine-day Quarantine with testing on exit, and an eight-day Quarantine with testing on both entry and exit each provide equivalent or lower probability of post-Quarantine transmission compared to a 14-day Quarantine with no testing. We found that testing on exit from Quarantine is more effective in reducing probability of post-Quarantine transmission than testing upon entry. When conducting a single test, testing on exit was most effective for Quarantines of six days or shorter, while testing on day six or seven is optimal for longer Quarantines. Optimal timing of testing during Quarantine will reduce the probability of post-Quarantine transmission, as false-positive results become less likely, enabling case isolation. Based on 4,040 SARS CoV-2 RT-PCR tests, an exit test 96 hours after the start of Quarantine for an offshore oil rig population was demonstrated to identify all known asymptomatic cases that previously tested negative at entry, and-moreover-successfully prevented an expected seven or more offshore transmission events, each a serious concern for initiating rapid spread and a disabling outbreak in the close quarters of an offshore rig. This successful outcome highlights the importance of context-specific guidelines for the duration of Quarantine and timing of testing that can minimize economic impacts, disruptions to operational integrity, and COVID-related public health risks.
Rima Styra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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understanding compliance and psychological impact of the sars Quarantine experience
Epidemiology and Infection, 2008Co-Authors: Donna Reynolds, J R Garay, S L Deamond, M K Moran, Wayne L Gold, Rima StyraAbstract:This study examines a cohort of persons Quarantined during the 2003 SARS outbreak in Canada and describes their understanding of, difficulties and compliance with, and the psychological impact of the Quarantine experience. A mailed questionnaire was administered to 1912 eligible adults and included the Impact of Events Scale – Revised (IES-R) to assess symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Self-reported compliance with all required Quarantine measures was low (15·8±2·3%), although significantly higher when the rationale for Quarantine was understood (P=0·018). Health-care workers (HCW) experienced greater psychological distress, including symptoms of PTSD (P<0·001). Increasing perceived difficulty with compliance, HCW, longer Quarantine and compliance with Quarantine requirements were significant contributors to higher IES-R scores. The low compliance with Quarantine requirements introduces concerns about the effectiveness of Quarantine as a public health measure. Improvements in compliance and reduced psychological distress may be possible by minimizing duration, revising requirements, and providing enhanced education and support.
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sars control and psychological effects of Quarantine toronto canada
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2004Co-Authors: Laura Hawryluck, Wayne L Gold, Rima Styra, Susan Robinson, Stephen Pogorski, Sandro GaleaAbstract:As a transmissible infectious disease, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was successfully contained globally by instituting widespread Quarantine measures. Although these measures were successful in terminating the outbreak in all areas of the world, the adverse effects of Quarantine have not previously been determined in a systematic manner. In this hypothesis-generating study supported by a convenience sample drawn in close temporal proximity to the period of Quarantine, we examined the psychological effects of Quarantine on persons in Toronto, Canada. The 129 Quarantined persons who responded to a Web-based survey exhibited a high prevalence of psychological distress. Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression were observed in 28.9% and 31.2% of respondents, respectively. Longer durations of Quarantine were associated with an increased prevalence of PTSD symptoms. Acquaintance with or direct exposure to someone with a diagnosis of SARS was also associated with PTSD and depressive symptoms.
Jiunn Shyan Julianwu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Quarantine for SARS, Taiwan
Emerging infectious diseases, 2005Co-Authors: Ying-hen Hsieh, Chwan Chuan King, Cathy W. S. Chen, Jen Yu Lee, Feng-chi Liu, Jiunn Shyan JulianwuAbstract:During the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Taiwan, >150,000 persons were Quarantined, 24 of whom were later found to have laboratory-confirmed SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection. Since no evidence exists that SARS-CoV is infective before the onset of symptoms and the Quarantined persons were exposed but not symptomatic, we thought the Quarantine's effectiveness should be investigated. Using the Taiwan Quarantine data, we found that the onset-to-diagnosis time of previously Quarantined confirmed case-patients was significantly shortened compared to that for those who had not been Quarantined. Thus, Quarantine for SARS in Taiwan screened potentially infective persons for swift diagnosis and hospitalization after onset, thereby indirectly reducing infections. Full-scale Quarantine measures implemented on April 28 led to a significant improvement in onset-to-diagnosis time of all SARS patients, regardless of previous Quarantine status. We discuss the temporal effects of Quarantine measures and other interventions on detection and isolation as well as the potential usefulness of Quarantine in faster identification of persons with SARS and in improving isolation measures.
Liping Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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positive virus detection in patients who recovered from covid 19 during Quarantine period between discharge and home a two center experience in wuhan china
European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2021Co-Authors: Xiaobing Wang, Ping Zhang, Jun Xiao, Yue Zhu, Lin Zhang, Liping ChenAbstract:The incidence of re-positive virus detection in patients who recovered from COVID-19 during Quarantine was 6.2% in two designated locations, in Wuhan, indicating that suggestions for patients after discharge to be Quarantined before leaving for home might be necessary. This experience might be referred to by other countries with epidemic outbreak.
