The Experts below are selected from a list of 4173 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jim Sidanius - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evidence for Hypodescent and Racial Hierarchy in the Categorization and Perception of BiRacial Individuals
Journal of personality and social psychology, 2011Co-Authors: Jim Sidanius, Daniel T. Levin, Mahzarin R. BanajiAbstract:Individuals who qualify equally for membership in two Racial groups provide a rare window into social categorization and perception. In 5 experiments, we tested the extent to which a rule of hypodescent, whereby biRacial individuals are assigned the status of their socially subordinate parent group, would govern perceptions of Asian–White and Black–White targets. In Experiment 1, in spite of posing explicit questions concerning Asian–White and Black–White targets, hypodescent was observed in both cases and more strongly in Black–White social categorization. Experiments 2A and 2B used a speeded response task and again revealed evidence of hypodescent in both cases, as well as a stronger effect in the Black–White target condition. In Experiments 3A and 3B, social perception was studied with a face-morphing task. Participants required a face to be lower in proportion minority to be perceived as minority than in proportion White to be perceived as White. Again, the threshold for being perceived as White was higher for Black–White than for Asian–White targets. An independent categorization task in Experiment 3B further confirmed the rule of hypodescent and variation in it that reflected the current Racial Hierarchy in the United States. These results documenting biases in the social categorization and perception of biRacials have implications for resistance to change in the American Racial Hierarchy.
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cuban exceptionalism group based Hierarchy and the dynamics of patriotism in puerto rico the dominican republic and cuba
Du Bois Review, 2004Co-Authors: Mark Q Sawyer, Yesilernis Pena, Jim SidaniusAbstract:This paper examined the interface between “Racial” and national identity from the perspective of two competing theoretical frameworks: the ideological asymmetry hypothesis and the thesis of Iberian Exceptionalism. In contrast to previous results found in the United States and Israel, use of survey data from Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, and Cuba showed some support for both theoretical positions. Consistent with the asymmetry thesis, there was strong and consistent evidence of Racial Hierarchy within all three Caribbean nations. However, contradicting the asymmetry hypothesis and more in line with the Iberian Exceptionalism perspective, there was a general tendency for all “races” to be equally attached to the nation in both the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico. Somewhat unexpectedly, Cuban Blacks tended to be slightly more positively attached to the nation than Cuban Whites. These results suggest that the precise interface between Racial and national identity will be acutely influenced by the specific socio-political context within each nation.
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inclusionary discrimination pigmentocracy and patriotism in the dominican republic
Political Psychology, 2001Co-Authors: Jim Sidanius, Yesilernis Pena, Mark Q SawyerAbstract:This study explored the nature of Racial Hierarchy and the connection between Racial identity and Dominican patriotism using a questionnaire given to an in situ sample in the Dominican Republic. The analyses compared the contradictory expectations of the "Racial democracy" (or "Iberian exceptionalism") thesis and social dominance theory. Results showed that despite the very high level of Racial intermarriage in the Dominican Republic, there was strong evidence of a "pigmentocracy," or group-based social Hierarchy based largely on skin color. Furthermore, despite a slight tendency for people to give slightly higher status ratings to their own "Racial" category than were given to them by members of other "Racial" categories, this pigmentocracy was highly consensual across the Racial Hierarchy. These results were consistent with the expectations of social dominance theory. However, in contrast to similar analyses in the United States and Israel, these Dominican findings showed no evidence that members of different "Racial" categories had different levels of patriotic attachment to the nation. Also in contrast to recent American findings, there was no evidence that Dominican patriotism was positively associated with anti-black racism, social dominance orientation, negative affect toward other Racial groups, or ethnocentrism, regardless of the "Racial" category one belonged to. These latter results were consistent with the Racial democracy thesis. The theoretical implications of these somewhat conflicting findings are discussed.
Hana Brown - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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refugees rights and race how legal status shapes liberian immigrants relationship with the state
Social Problems, 2011Co-Authors: Hana BrownAbstract:Drawing on three years of participant observation in a Liberian immigrant community, this article examines the role of legal refugee status in immigrants' daily encounters with the state. Using the literature on immigrant incorporation, claims making, and citizenship, it argues that refugee status profoundly shapes individuals' views and expectations of their host government as well as their interactions with the medical, educational, and social service institutions they encounter. The refugees in this study use their refugee status to make claims for legal and social citizenship and to distance themselves from native-born blacks. In doing so, they validate their own position vis-a-vis the state and in the American ethno-Racial Hierarchy. The findings presented demonstrate how refugee status operates as a symbolic and interpretive resource used to negotiate the structural realities of the welfare state and American race relations. These results stress the importance of studying immigrant incorporation from a micro perspective and suggest mechanisms for the adaptational advantages for refugees reported in existing research.
Joseph C. Nunes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Status, race, and money: the impact of Racial Hierarchy on willingness to pay.
Psychological science, 2011Co-Authors: Aarti S. Ivanic, Jennifer R. Overbeck, Joseph C. NunesAbstract:A deeply entrenched status Hierarchy in the United States classifies African Americans as lower status than Caucasians. Concurrently, African Americans face marketplace discrimination; they are treated as inferior and poor. Because having money and spending money signify status, we explored whether African Americans might elevate their willingness to pay for products in order to fulfill status needs. In Studies 1 and 2, explicit activation of the race concept led some African Americans to pay more than they would otherwise pay and also more than Caucasians. Individual differences in perceived status disadvantage and Racial identification moderated this result. In Study 3, when race was salient, an overt status threat (inferior treatment in a purchasing context) similarly led African Americans, but not Caucasians, to pay more than they would otherwise pay. This research illustrates how African Americans whose status is threatened use spending as a way to assert status.
Mahzarin R. Banaji - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evidence for Hypodescent and Racial Hierarchy in the Categorization and Perception of BiRacial Individuals
Journal of personality and social psychology, 2011Co-Authors: Jim Sidanius, Daniel T. Levin, Mahzarin R. BanajiAbstract:Individuals who qualify equally for membership in two Racial groups provide a rare window into social categorization and perception. In 5 experiments, we tested the extent to which a rule of hypodescent, whereby biRacial individuals are assigned the status of their socially subordinate parent group, would govern perceptions of Asian–White and Black–White targets. In Experiment 1, in spite of posing explicit questions concerning Asian–White and Black–White targets, hypodescent was observed in both cases and more strongly in Black–White social categorization. Experiments 2A and 2B used a speeded response task and again revealed evidence of hypodescent in both cases, as well as a stronger effect in the Black–White target condition. In Experiments 3A and 3B, social perception was studied with a face-morphing task. Participants required a face to be lower in proportion minority to be perceived as minority than in proportion White to be perceived as White. Again, the threshold for being perceived as White was higher for Black–White than for Asian–White targets. An independent categorization task in Experiment 3B further confirmed the rule of hypodescent and variation in it that reflected the current Racial Hierarchy in the United States. These results documenting biases in the social categorization and perception of biRacials have implications for resistance to change in the American Racial Hierarchy.
Adrienne D. Davis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Private Law of Race and Sex: An Antebellum Perspective
1999Co-Authors: Adrienne D. DavisAbstract:In this article, Professor Adrienne D. Davis traces the interaction of race, sex, and estate law in the antebellum and postbellum South. Through a close analysis of intestate succession and testamentary transfers involving the formerly enslaved, she unearths the role of private law in reconciling and preserving both property rights and Racial Hierarchy. The article centers on a series of historical case studies involving the rights of formerly enslaved women and their children to postmortem transfers of wealth. While the law of private property generally served to reinforce Racial Hierarchy, these cases involved the use of property rights -- specifically, testamentary freedom -- to transfer wealth from whites to blacks. Furthermore, honoring the postmortem transfers in such cases could be read as moral tolerance or approval of the underlying interRacial liaisons. Southern courts moved gingerly through this terrain of race, gender, and property rights, struggling to maintain Racial Hierarchy while reaffirming the system of private property. Through these case studies, the article illuminates more generally the nature of the antebellum sexual economy. With this historical study as an illustration, Professor Davis concludes that private law may play at least as significant a role as public law in the construction, recognition, and reinforcement of Racial and sexual relationships.
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The Private Law of Race and Sex: An Antebellum Perspective
Stanford Law Review, 1999Co-Authors: Adrienne D. DavisAbstract:In this article, Professor Adrienne D. Davis traces the interaction of race, sex, and estate law in the antebellum and postbellum South. Through a close analysis of intestate succession and testamentary transfers involving the formerly enslaved, Professor Davis unearths the role of private law in reconciling and preserving both property rights and Racial Hierarchy. The article centers on a series of historical case studies involving the rights offormerly enslaved women and their children to postmortem transfers of wealth. While the law of private property generally served to reinforce Racial Hierarchy, these cases involved the use of property rights-specifically, testamentary freedom-to transfer wealth from whites to blacks. Furthermore, honoring the postmortem transfers in such cases could be read as moral tolerance or approval of the underlying interRacial liaisons. Southern courts moved gingerly through this terrain of race, gender, and property rights, struggling to maintain Racial Hierarchy while reaffirming the system of private property. Through these case studies, Professor Davis illuminates more generally the nature of the antebellum sexual economy. With this historical study as an illustration, she concludes ihat private lav may play at least as significant a role as public law in the construction, recognition, and reinforcement of Racial and sexual relationships.
