The Experts below are selected from a list of 270 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Shelly L Miller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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inactivation of airborne microorganisms using novel ultraviolet Radiation Sources in reflective flow through control devices
Aerosol Science and Technology, 2010Co-Authors: Kevin Ryan, Nicholas Clements, Kevin Mccabe, Mark Hernandez, Shelly L MillerAbstract:The goal of this study was to design, test, and model cylindrical flow-through control devices used to inactivate airborne microorganisms with non-mercury Radiation Sources and a reflective coating, through a broad relative humidity (RH) range. Bench-scale tests determined the effectiveness of three different UV-C Sources–light emitting diode (LED), xenon, and mercury. In addition to measurements, modeling was performed that combined photon tracing, computational fluid dynamics, and particle tracking to predict the effectiveness of the respective UV challenges. Regardless of device configuration, UV-induced inactivation of airborne Bacillus subtilis and Mycobacterium parafortuitum was markedly sensitive to low humidity (15 % RH). Actinometry measurements determined that a high reflectance wall coating increased the fluence rate by a factor of 1.6. Predictions of inactivation effectiveness using this hybrid model were in good agreement with experimental observations with errors of less than 15 %.
Wei Xu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ir and x ray time resolved simultaneous experiments an opportunity to investigate the dynamics of complex systems and non equilibrium phenomena using third generation synchrotron Radiation Sources
Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, 2012Co-Authors: A Marcelli, Plinio Innocenzi, Luca Malfatti, Mark A Newton, J V Rau, Eglof Ritter, Ulrich Schade, Wei XuAbstract:Third-generation storage rings are modern facilities working with high currents and designed to host powerful Radiation Sources, like undulators and wigglers, and to deliver high-brilliance beams to users. Many experiments at high spatial resolution, such as spectromicroscopy at the nanometre scale and with high temporal resolution to investigate kinetics down to the picosecond regime, are now possible. The next frontier is certainly the combination of different methods in a unique set-up with the ultimate available spatial and temporal resolutions. In the last decade much synchrotron-based research has exploited the advantage of complementary information provided by time-resolved X-ray techniques and optical methods in the UV/Vis and IR domains. New time-resolved and concurrent approaches are necessary to characterize complex systems where physical-chemical phenomena occur under the same experimental conditions, for example to detect kinetic intermediates via complementary but independent observations. In this contribution we present scientific cases from original works and literature reviews to support the proposed IR/X-ray simultaneous approach, with both probes exploiting synchrotron Radiation Sources. In addition, simple experimental layouts that may take advantage of the high brilliance and the wide spectral distribution of the synchrotron Radiation emission will be given for specific researches or applications to investigate dynamic processes and non-equilibrium phenomena occurring in many condensed matter and biological systems, of great interest for both fundamental research and technological applications.
K Wille - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Synchrotron Radiation Sources
Reports on Progress in Physics, 1991Co-Authors: K WilleAbstract:A relativistic electron passing through a bending magnet emits electromagnetic Radiation in the forward direction with an extremely narrow opening angle. The photon density of this 'so-called synchrotron' Radiation is correspondingly high and has, in addition, a very broad Radiation spectrum. Because of its outstanding properties, synchrotron Radiation has become a very powerful tool in basic research and technical applications. The required relativistic electron beam is provided by utilizing modern particle accelerator techniques. Presently the most successful accelerator type used as a dedicated synchrotron Radiation source is the storage ring. Very important for a high quality of Radiation is strong focusing of the electron beam circulating in the accelerator. The theory of this low-emittance optics is presented, including some important examples of magnet lattices. Inserting special wiggler and undulator magnets into a storage ring gives a significant increase of the photon density. In particular, the undulator magnets provide very high intensities of coherent synchrotron Radiation. A logical consequence of the coherent undulator Radiation was the development of the free electron laser (FEL), which is described in the last section of this review.
Kevin Ryan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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inactivation of airborne microorganisms using novel ultraviolet Radiation Sources in reflective flow through control devices
Aerosol Science and Technology, 2010Co-Authors: Kevin Ryan, Nicholas Clements, Kevin Mccabe, Mark Hernandez, Shelly L MillerAbstract:The goal of this study was to design, test, and model cylindrical flow-through control devices used to inactivate airborne microorganisms with non-mercury Radiation Sources and a reflective coating, through a broad relative humidity (RH) range. Bench-scale tests determined the effectiveness of three different UV-C Sources–light emitting diode (LED), xenon, and mercury. In addition to measurements, modeling was performed that combined photon tracing, computational fluid dynamics, and particle tracking to predict the effectiveness of the respective UV challenges. Regardless of device configuration, UV-induced inactivation of airborne Bacillus subtilis and Mycobacterium parafortuitum was markedly sensitive to low humidity (15 % RH). Actinometry measurements determined that a high reflectance wall coating increased the fluence rate by a factor of 1.6. Predictions of inactivation effectiveness using this hybrid model were in good agreement with experimental observations with errors of less than 15 %.
Anatoly Snigirev - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Microscopic X-ray fluorescence analysis and related methods with laboratory and synchrotron Radiation Sources
Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 1998Co-Authors: F. Adams, Koen Janssens, Anatoly SnigirevAbstract:The present status of microprobe versions of XRF analysis with tube excitation and with synchrotron Radiation Sources is reviewed with respect to analytical parameters such as lateral resolution and imaging capability, and achievable detection limits, precision and accuracy. The main characteristics of the method are contrasted with those of other microanalytical techniques. For laboratory source µ-XRF, results with a rotating anode tube equipped with capillary X-ray optics are discussed in terms of sensitivity and achievable lateral resolution. The possibilities of the new third generation synchrotron Radiation storage rings, especially those of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) and its X-ray micro-fluorescence, imaging and diffraction beamline (ID 22) are discussed and related to second generation storage rings. Some characteristic applications are given to illustrate the recent possibilities of the methodologies, in particular for the characterization of atmospheric particles, and in an analytical problem related to archaeology.
