The Experts below are selected from a list of 303 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
J. Laceby - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Potential of spectrocolorimetry to trace sediment sources in coastal catchments draining the main Fukushima Radioactive Pollution plume (2011-2018)
2019Co-Authors: Olivier Evrard, Irene Lefevre, Yuichi Onda, Roxanne Durand, Anthony Foucher, Tales Tiecher, Virginie Sellier, Olivier Cerdan, J. LacebyAbstract:Spectrocolorimetric properties provide a quick, low-cost and non-destructive alternative to the measurement of geochemical and organic matter parameters. Their potential to discriminate between forest, cultivated and subsoil sources was tested in soils and sediment collected in coastal catchments draining the main Radioactive Pollution plume of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. Fifteen spectrocolorimetric properties were determined in potential source (n=37) and sediment (n=400) samples collected during 13 campaigns from 2011-2017 in two catchments (covering a total surface area of 450 km$^2$) draining the main Radioactive Pollution plume. Potential sources included topsoil from forest and cropland sources along with subsoil material originating from landslides, channel banks and the decontamination of cultivated areas. The optimum set of parameters used in the mixed linear model to calculate the sediment source contributions was obtained through the use of a range test, the Kruskal-Wallis H-test, and a linear discriminant analysis. Nine colour parameters correctly classified 100% of the source samples (forest, subsoil and cultivated sources). The results illustrate that cultivated landscapes were the main source of sediment to these river systems (mean 56%, SD 34%) followed by subsoil (mean 26%, SD 16%) and forest sources (mean 21%, SD 24%). However, these contributions strongly varied over time, with a peak of subsoil contributions (mean 57%, SD 17%) in Fall 2015, coinciding with the occurrence of a typhoon after the remediation works. These original results demonstrate that spectrocolorimetric measurements provide a powerful tool for the monitoring of the effectiveness of remediation works in this post-accidental context.
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Using spectrocolourimetry to trace sediment source dynamics in coastal catchments draining the main Fukushima Radioactive Pollution plume (2011-2017)
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2019Co-Authors: O. Evrard, Irene Lefevre, Yuichi Onda, Roxanne Durand, Anthony Foucher, Tales Tiecher, Virginie Sellier, Olivier Cerdan, J. LacebyAbstract:Purpose Spectrocolourimetric measurements provide a relatively inexpensive, quick and non-destructive alternative to the analysis of geochemical and organic matter properties. When used in the analysis of sediments and their potential sources, these colour parameters may provide important information on the dominant processes (i.e. erosion) occurring in the Critical Zone. Here, they are used to investigate whether eroded sediment is derived from forest (i.e. natural), cultivated (i.e. anthropogenic) or subsoil sources in order to assess their potential to monitor the effect of decontamination in regions impacted by fallout from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident. Materials and methods Fifteen spectrocolourimetric properties (L*, a*, b*, C*, h, x, y, z, L, a, b, u*, v*, u', v') were measured in potential source (n = 37) and sediment (n = 400) samples collected during 13 campaigns from 2011 to 2017 after major flood events in two catchments (total surface area of 450 km(2)) draining the main FDNPP Radioactive Pollution plume. Potential sources included topsoil from forest and cultivated sources along with subsoil material originating from landslides, channel banks and the decontamination of cultivated areas. The optimum set of parameters used in the mixed linear model to calculate the sediment source contributions was obtained through the use of a range test, the Kruskal-Wallis H test and a linear discriminant analysis. Results and discussion Nine selected colour parameters correctly classified 100% of the source samples (i.e. forest, subsoil and cultivated sources). The results illustrate that cultivated landscapes were the main source of sediment to these river systems (mean 56%, SD 34%) followed by subsoil (mean 26%, SD 16%) and forest sources (mean 21%, SD 24%). However, these contributions varied strongly over time, with a peak of subsoil contributions (mean 57%, SD 17%) in Fall 2015, coinciding with the occurrence of a typhoon after the remediation works. These results were consistent with monitoring studies conducted in the same area that showed the major impact of typhoon Etau in September 2015 on sediment and radiocaesium fluxes. Conclusions These original results demonstrate that spectrocolourimetric measurements may contribute to the routine monitoring of the effectiveness of remediation works in this post-accidental context. Owing to the inexpensive, rapid and non-destructive analyses, spectrocolourimetric-based tracing methods have significant potential to provide information on the dominant erosion processes occurring in the Critical Zone.
Yuichi Onda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Potential of spectrocolorimetry to trace sediment sources in coastal catchments draining the main Fukushima Radioactive Pollution plume (2011-2018)
2019Co-Authors: Olivier Evrard, Irene Lefevre, Yuichi Onda, Roxanne Durand, Anthony Foucher, Tales Tiecher, Virginie Sellier, Olivier Cerdan, J. LacebyAbstract:Spectrocolorimetric properties provide a quick, low-cost and non-destructive alternative to the measurement of geochemical and organic matter parameters. Their potential to discriminate between forest, cultivated and subsoil sources was tested in soils and sediment collected in coastal catchments draining the main Radioactive Pollution plume of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. Fifteen spectrocolorimetric properties were determined in potential source (n=37) and sediment (n=400) samples collected during 13 campaigns from 2011-2017 in two catchments (covering a total surface area of 450 km$^2$) draining the main Radioactive Pollution plume. Potential sources included topsoil from forest and cropland sources along with subsoil material originating from landslides, channel banks and the decontamination of cultivated areas. The optimum set of parameters used in the mixed linear model to calculate the sediment source contributions was obtained through the use of a range test, the Kruskal-Wallis H-test, and a linear discriminant analysis. Nine colour parameters correctly classified 100% of the source samples (forest, subsoil and cultivated sources). The results illustrate that cultivated landscapes were the main source of sediment to these river systems (mean 56%, SD 34%) followed by subsoil (mean 26%, SD 16%) and forest sources (mean 21%, SD 24%). However, these contributions strongly varied over time, with a peak of subsoil contributions (mean 57%, SD 17%) in Fall 2015, coinciding with the occurrence of a typhoon after the remediation works. These original results demonstrate that spectrocolorimetric measurements provide a powerful tool for the monitoring of the effectiveness of remediation works in this post-accidental context.
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Using spectrocolourimetry to trace sediment source dynamics in coastal catchments draining the main Fukushima Radioactive Pollution plume (2011-2017)
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2019Co-Authors: O. Evrard, Irene Lefevre, Yuichi Onda, Roxanne Durand, Anthony Foucher, Tales Tiecher, Virginie Sellier, Olivier Cerdan, J. LacebyAbstract:Purpose Spectrocolourimetric measurements provide a relatively inexpensive, quick and non-destructive alternative to the analysis of geochemical and organic matter properties. When used in the analysis of sediments and their potential sources, these colour parameters may provide important information on the dominant processes (i.e. erosion) occurring in the Critical Zone. Here, they are used to investigate whether eroded sediment is derived from forest (i.e. natural), cultivated (i.e. anthropogenic) or subsoil sources in order to assess their potential to monitor the effect of decontamination in regions impacted by fallout from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident. Materials and methods Fifteen spectrocolourimetric properties (L*, a*, b*, C*, h, x, y, z, L, a, b, u*, v*, u', v') were measured in potential source (n = 37) and sediment (n = 400) samples collected during 13 campaigns from 2011 to 2017 after major flood events in two catchments (total surface area of 450 km(2)) draining the main FDNPP Radioactive Pollution plume. Potential sources included topsoil from forest and cultivated sources along with subsoil material originating from landslides, channel banks and the decontamination of cultivated areas. The optimum set of parameters used in the mixed linear model to calculate the sediment source contributions was obtained through the use of a range test, the Kruskal-Wallis H test and a linear discriminant analysis. Results and discussion Nine selected colour parameters correctly classified 100% of the source samples (i.e. forest, subsoil and cultivated sources). The results illustrate that cultivated landscapes were the main source of sediment to these river systems (mean 56%, SD 34%) followed by subsoil (mean 26%, SD 16%) and forest sources (mean 21%, SD 24%). However, these contributions varied strongly over time, with a peak of subsoil contributions (mean 57%, SD 17%) in Fall 2015, coinciding with the occurrence of a typhoon after the remediation works. These results were consistent with monitoring studies conducted in the same area that showed the major impact of typhoon Etau in September 2015 on sediment and radiocaesium fluxes. Conclusions These original results demonstrate that spectrocolourimetric measurements may contribute to the routine monitoring of the effectiveness of remediation works in this post-accidental context. Owing to the inexpensive, rapid and non-destructive analyses, spectrocolourimetric-based tracing methods have significant potential to provide information on the dominant erosion processes occurring in the Critical Zone.
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Tracking the early dispersion of contaminated sediment along rivers draining the Fukushima Radioactive Pollution plume
Anthropocene, 2013Co-Authors: Caroline Chartin, Jeremy Patin, Catherine Ottlé, Sophie Ayrault, Hugo Lepage, Irene Lefevre, Olivier Evrard, Yuichi Onda, Philippe BontéAbstract:Abstract Soil erosion and subsequent sediment transport in rivers play a major role in the global biogeochemical cycles and on the dispersion of contaminants within the natural environment. As other particle-borne pollutants, fallout radionuclides emitted after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident are strongly sorbed by fine particles, and they are therefore likely to be redistributed by hydro-sedimentary processes across catchments. Although regrettable, the Fukushima catastrophe and the associated massive radionuclide release provide a unique opportunity to track the dispersion of sediment in catchments exposed to typhoons and to better understand the anthropogenic impacts on particle-borne transfers within the natural environment. Fieldwork around FDNPP and subsequent lab work on Fukushima samples required the compliance with very demanding radioprotection and security rules. Here, we collected exposed riverbed sediment (n = 162) along rivers and in reservoirs draining the catchments contaminated by the main Radioactive Pollution plume that extends across Fukushima Prefecture in November 2011, April 2012 and November 2012. We measured their gamma-emitting radionuclide activities and compared them to the documented surveys in nearby soils. We show that the 110mAg:137Cs ratio provided a tracer of the dispersion of contaminated sediment in one specific catchment draining the most contaminated area. Our results demonstrate that the system was very reactive to the succession of summer typhoons and spring snowmelt. We identified a partial export of contaminated sediment from inland mountain ranges – exposed initially to the highest radionuclide fallout – to the coastal plains as soon as in November 2011, after a series of violent typhoons. This export was amplified by the spring snowmelt, and remaining contaminated material temporarily stored in the river channel was flushed by the typhoons that occurred during summer in 2012. This catchment behaviour characterized by the high transmissivity of paddy fields strongly connected to the river network in upland mountain ranges and the potential storage in the coastal plains that are successively filled with contaminated sediment and then flushed was illustrated by the calculation of an index of hydro-sedimentary connectivity and the construction of river longitudinal profiles. We thereby suggest that coastal rivers have become a perennial supply of contaminated sediment to the Pacific Ocean. Our findings show that Fukushima accident produced original tracers to monitor particle-borne transfers across the affected area shortly after the catastrophe. Furthermore, we outlined that this accident generated a distinct geological record that will be useful for sediment dating behind reservoirs in Japan during the next decades.
Irene Lefevre - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Potential of spectrocolorimetry to trace sediment sources in coastal catchments draining the main Fukushima Radioactive Pollution plume (2011-2018)
2019Co-Authors: Olivier Evrard, Irene Lefevre, Yuichi Onda, Roxanne Durand, Anthony Foucher, Tales Tiecher, Virginie Sellier, Olivier Cerdan, J. LacebyAbstract:Spectrocolorimetric properties provide a quick, low-cost and non-destructive alternative to the measurement of geochemical and organic matter parameters. Their potential to discriminate between forest, cultivated and subsoil sources was tested in soils and sediment collected in coastal catchments draining the main Radioactive Pollution plume of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. Fifteen spectrocolorimetric properties were determined in potential source (n=37) and sediment (n=400) samples collected during 13 campaigns from 2011-2017 in two catchments (covering a total surface area of 450 km$^2$) draining the main Radioactive Pollution plume. Potential sources included topsoil from forest and cropland sources along with subsoil material originating from landslides, channel banks and the decontamination of cultivated areas. The optimum set of parameters used in the mixed linear model to calculate the sediment source contributions was obtained through the use of a range test, the Kruskal-Wallis H-test, and a linear discriminant analysis. Nine colour parameters correctly classified 100% of the source samples (forest, subsoil and cultivated sources). The results illustrate that cultivated landscapes were the main source of sediment to these river systems (mean 56%, SD 34%) followed by subsoil (mean 26%, SD 16%) and forest sources (mean 21%, SD 24%). However, these contributions strongly varied over time, with a peak of subsoil contributions (mean 57%, SD 17%) in Fall 2015, coinciding with the occurrence of a typhoon after the remediation works. These original results demonstrate that spectrocolorimetric measurements provide a powerful tool for the monitoring of the effectiveness of remediation works in this post-accidental context.
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Using spectrocolourimetry to trace sediment source dynamics in coastal catchments draining the main Fukushima Radioactive Pollution plume (2011-2017)
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2019Co-Authors: O. Evrard, Irene Lefevre, Yuichi Onda, Roxanne Durand, Anthony Foucher, Tales Tiecher, Virginie Sellier, Olivier Cerdan, J. LacebyAbstract:Purpose Spectrocolourimetric measurements provide a relatively inexpensive, quick and non-destructive alternative to the analysis of geochemical and organic matter properties. When used in the analysis of sediments and their potential sources, these colour parameters may provide important information on the dominant processes (i.e. erosion) occurring in the Critical Zone. Here, they are used to investigate whether eroded sediment is derived from forest (i.e. natural), cultivated (i.e. anthropogenic) or subsoil sources in order to assess their potential to monitor the effect of decontamination in regions impacted by fallout from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident. Materials and methods Fifteen spectrocolourimetric properties (L*, a*, b*, C*, h, x, y, z, L, a, b, u*, v*, u', v') were measured in potential source (n = 37) and sediment (n = 400) samples collected during 13 campaigns from 2011 to 2017 after major flood events in two catchments (total surface area of 450 km(2)) draining the main FDNPP Radioactive Pollution plume. Potential sources included topsoil from forest and cultivated sources along with subsoil material originating from landslides, channel banks and the decontamination of cultivated areas. The optimum set of parameters used in the mixed linear model to calculate the sediment source contributions was obtained through the use of a range test, the Kruskal-Wallis H test and a linear discriminant analysis. Results and discussion Nine selected colour parameters correctly classified 100% of the source samples (i.e. forest, subsoil and cultivated sources). The results illustrate that cultivated landscapes were the main source of sediment to these river systems (mean 56%, SD 34%) followed by subsoil (mean 26%, SD 16%) and forest sources (mean 21%, SD 24%). However, these contributions varied strongly over time, with a peak of subsoil contributions (mean 57%, SD 17%) in Fall 2015, coinciding with the occurrence of a typhoon after the remediation works. These results were consistent with monitoring studies conducted in the same area that showed the major impact of typhoon Etau in September 2015 on sediment and radiocaesium fluxes. Conclusions These original results demonstrate that spectrocolourimetric measurements may contribute to the routine monitoring of the effectiveness of remediation works in this post-accidental context. Owing to the inexpensive, rapid and non-destructive analyses, spectrocolourimetric-based tracing methods have significant potential to provide information on the dominant erosion processes occurring in the Critical Zone.
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Tracking the early dispersion of contaminated sediment along rivers draining the Fukushima Radioactive Pollution plume
Anthropocene, 2013Co-Authors: Caroline Chartin, Jeremy Patin, Catherine Ottlé, Sophie Ayrault, Hugo Lepage, Irene Lefevre, Olivier Evrard, Yuichi Onda, Philippe BontéAbstract:Abstract Soil erosion and subsequent sediment transport in rivers play a major role in the global biogeochemical cycles and on the dispersion of contaminants within the natural environment. As other particle-borne pollutants, fallout radionuclides emitted after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident are strongly sorbed by fine particles, and they are therefore likely to be redistributed by hydro-sedimentary processes across catchments. Although regrettable, the Fukushima catastrophe and the associated massive radionuclide release provide a unique opportunity to track the dispersion of sediment in catchments exposed to typhoons and to better understand the anthropogenic impacts on particle-borne transfers within the natural environment. Fieldwork around FDNPP and subsequent lab work on Fukushima samples required the compliance with very demanding radioprotection and security rules. Here, we collected exposed riverbed sediment (n = 162) along rivers and in reservoirs draining the catchments contaminated by the main Radioactive Pollution plume that extends across Fukushima Prefecture in November 2011, April 2012 and November 2012. We measured their gamma-emitting radionuclide activities and compared them to the documented surveys in nearby soils. We show that the 110mAg:137Cs ratio provided a tracer of the dispersion of contaminated sediment in one specific catchment draining the most contaminated area. Our results demonstrate that the system was very reactive to the succession of summer typhoons and spring snowmelt. We identified a partial export of contaminated sediment from inland mountain ranges – exposed initially to the highest radionuclide fallout – to the coastal plains as soon as in November 2011, after a series of violent typhoons. This export was amplified by the spring snowmelt, and remaining contaminated material temporarily stored in the river channel was flushed by the typhoons that occurred during summer in 2012. This catchment behaviour characterized by the high transmissivity of paddy fields strongly connected to the river network in upland mountain ranges and the potential storage in the coastal plains that are successively filled with contaminated sediment and then flushed was illustrated by the calculation of an index of hydro-sedimentary connectivity and the construction of river longitudinal profiles. We thereby suggest that coastal rivers have become a perennial supply of contaminated sediment to the Pacific Ocean. Our findings show that Fukushima accident produced original tracers to monitor particle-borne transfers across the affected area shortly after the catastrophe. Furthermore, we outlined that this accident generated a distinct geological record that will be useful for sediment dating behind reservoirs in Japan during the next decades.
Nitin Nitin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Radioactive Pollution monitoring using triangular deployment in wireless sensor network
ICACNI, 2014Co-Authors: Ankit Khare, Nitin NitinAbstract:The deployment mechanism in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) affects the coverage, connectivity, and lifetime of network. Depending upon the application, the sensor nodes can be deployed in a random or deterministic fashion. In this paper, we have proposed a comprehensive framework for Radioactive Pollution detection and monitoring using WSNs. In the proposed framework, nodes are deployed in a triangular grid form to cover whole region with minimum number of nodes. This framework includes proposals for the WSNs architecture and communication protocols to detect the Radioactive radiation threats quickly. This paper also presents a new deterministically deployed cluster head selection algorithm (D2CH) for choosing cluster head; therefore, it enhances the lifetime of the network. Analysis and simulation results demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed work.
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ICACNI - Radioactive Pollution Monitoring Using Triangular Deployment in Wireless Sensor Network
Intelligent Computing Networking and Informatics, 2014Co-Authors: Ankit Khare, Nitin NitinAbstract:The deployment mechanism in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) affects the coverage, connectivity, and lifetime of network. Depending upon the application, the sensor nodes can be deployed in a random or deterministic fashion. In this paper, we have proposed a comprehensive framework for Radioactive Pollution detection and monitoring using WSNs. In the proposed framework, nodes are deployed in a triangular grid form to cover whole region with minimum number of nodes. This framework includes proposals for the WSNs architecture and communication protocols to detect the Radioactive radiation threats quickly. This paper also presents a new deterministically deployed cluster head selection algorithm (D2CH) for choosing cluster head; therefore, it enhances the lifetime of the network. Analysis and simulation results demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed work.
O. Evrard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Using spectrocolourimetry to trace sediment source dynamics in coastal catchments draining the main Fukushima Radioactive Pollution plume (2011-2017)
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2019Co-Authors: O. Evrard, Irene Lefevre, Yuichi Onda, Roxanne Durand, Anthony Foucher, Tales Tiecher, Virginie Sellier, Olivier Cerdan, J. LacebyAbstract:Purpose Spectrocolourimetric measurements provide a relatively inexpensive, quick and non-destructive alternative to the analysis of geochemical and organic matter properties. When used in the analysis of sediments and their potential sources, these colour parameters may provide important information on the dominant processes (i.e. erosion) occurring in the Critical Zone. Here, they are used to investigate whether eroded sediment is derived from forest (i.e. natural), cultivated (i.e. anthropogenic) or subsoil sources in order to assess their potential to monitor the effect of decontamination in regions impacted by fallout from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident. Materials and methods Fifteen spectrocolourimetric properties (L*, a*, b*, C*, h, x, y, z, L, a, b, u*, v*, u', v') were measured in potential source (n = 37) and sediment (n = 400) samples collected during 13 campaigns from 2011 to 2017 after major flood events in two catchments (total surface area of 450 km(2)) draining the main FDNPP Radioactive Pollution plume. Potential sources included topsoil from forest and cultivated sources along with subsoil material originating from landslides, channel banks and the decontamination of cultivated areas. The optimum set of parameters used in the mixed linear model to calculate the sediment source contributions was obtained through the use of a range test, the Kruskal-Wallis H test and a linear discriminant analysis. Results and discussion Nine selected colour parameters correctly classified 100% of the source samples (i.e. forest, subsoil and cultivated sources). The results illustrate that cultivated landscapes were the main source of sediment to these river systems (mean 56%, SD 34%) followed by subsoil (mean 26%, SD 16%) and forest sources (mean 21%, SD 24%). However, these contributions varied strongly over time, with a peak of subsoil contributions (mean 57%, SD 17%) in Fall 2015, coinciding with the occurrence of a typhoon after the remediation works. These results were consistent with monitoring studies conducted in the same area that showed the major impact of typhoon Etau in September 2015 on sediment and radiocaesium fluxes. Conclusions These original results demonstrate that spectrocolourimetric measurements may contribute to the routine monitoring of the effectiveness of remediation works in this post-accidental context. Owing to the inexpensive, rapid and non-destructive analyses, spectrocolourimetric-based tracing methods have significant potential to provide information on the dominant erosion processes occurring in the Critical Zone.