The Experts below are selected from a list of 9054 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Steven R. Schnebly - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cyclitol galactosides in low-Raffinose, low-stachyose soybean embryos after feeding d-chiro-inositol, myo-inositol or d-pinitol
Seed Science Research, 2013Co-Authors: Elizabeth M. Sensenig, Ralph L. Obendorf, Erin M. Byrt, Anna B. Owczarczyk, Minori Ohashi, Steven R. SchneblyAbstract:AbstractSucrose, Raffinose and stachyose accumulate as stored soluble carbohydrates in embryos during soybean [Glycine max L. (Merrill)] seed development and maturation. Raffinose and stachyose in soybean feed products are not digested by humans, chickens or pigs, resulting in flatulence and reduced nutritional value. Soybean lines selected for low Raffinose and low stachyose (LRS) or low Raffinose, low stachyose and low phytin (LRSP1, LRSP2) concentrations in mature seeds were compared to a CHECK line with normal Raffinose, stachyose and phytin. To determine whether increasing the supply of free cyclitols to immature embryos of these lines results in increased accumulation of galactosyl cyclitols, isolated immature embryos free of maternal tissues were fed solutions containing either d-chiro-inositol, myo-inositol or d-pinitol, or a control solution without cyclitols, for 24 h. Embryos were precociously matured by slow drying for 14 d with daily transfers to stepwise lower relative humidities. Soluble carbohydrates were extracted from axis and cotyledon tissues of mature, dry embryos and analysed by high-resolution gas chromatography. Axis and cotyledons from LRS, LRSP1 and LRSP2 embryos had low concentrations of stachyose compared to CHECK embryos after feeding a control solution without cyclitols. Feeding d-chiro-inositol to isolated embryos increased fagopyritol B1 accumulation in embryos of all lines. Feeding myo-inositol increased stachyose accumulation in LRSP1 and LRSP2 cotyledons. Feeding d-pinitol increased free d-pinitol in cotyledons of all lines but increased galactopinitol A and galactopinitol B only in LRS cotyledons. Supplying additional d-chiro-inositol to immature embryos can enhance accumulation of fagopyritol B1 in mature embryos of low-Raffinose and low-stachyose or low-Raffinose, low-stachyose and low-phytin soybeans.
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free cyclitol unloading from seed coats on stem leaf pod explants of low Raffinose low stachyose low phytin soybean
Seed Science Research, 2010Co-Authors: Suzanne M Kosina, Steven R. Schnebly, Ralph L. ObendorfAbstract:Raffinose, stachyose and phytin are undesirable compounds for soybean food and animal feed products. In seeds, Raffinose and stachyose are believed to contribute to desiccation and cold stress tolerance. Thus, removal of these compounds from soybean by genetic mutation has resulted in a more commercially desirable composition, but potentially less physiologically viable seeds. In an effort to develop a method to improve viability and seed storability in soybean, stem–leaf–pod explants of three low Raffinose, low stachyose lines, two of which were also low in phytin, and a check line were fed solutions containing d - chiro -inositol, myo -inositol or d -pinitol, free cyclitols which unload through the seed coat to the developing embryo where they accumulate as fagopyritols, galactinol and galactopinitols, respectively, during seed maturation. Increased galactopinitol and fagopyritol accumulation may substitute for the roles of Raffinose and stachyose in low Raffinose, stachyose and phytin seeds. Explants of all lines unloaded d - chiro -inositol, myo -inositol and d -pinitol. Fed d - chiro -inositol accumulated in leaf tissues demonstrating uptake into explants. Fed d - chiro -inositol and myo -inositol accumulated in pod wall and seed coat tissues of one or more lines. The results indicate that d - chiro -inositol was unloaded from the seed coat to the embryo in increased amounts after feeding. The potential use of increased maternal d - chiro -inositol for synthesis of fagopyritols in embryos to improve seed performance in low-stachyose and low-phytin soybean seeds is supported. The seed coat cup unloading of fed free cyclitols may provide a model system to test effective unloading of upregulated maternally synthesized cyclitols.
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accumulation of soluble carbohydrates during seed development and maturation of low Raffinose low stachyose soybean
Crop Science, 2009Co-Authors: Ralph L. Obendorf, Elizabeth M. Sensenig, Suzanne M Kosina, Angela D Zimmerman, Qianyi Zhang, Alexander Castillo, Elizabeth G Bryant, Steven R. SchneblyAbstract:Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeds accumulate sucrose, Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFO), phytin, and small amounts of galactopinitols and fagopyritols during normal seed maturation. RFO and phytin are indigestible by non-ruminant animals and contribute to decreased feed efficiency, reduced mineral adsorption, and phosphorous pollution in manure. Low Raffinose, stachyose, and phytin seed may have imbibitional chilling sensitivity and reduced field emergence. The objective was to characterize the profiles of soluble carbohydrates in cotyledons, axis, and seed coats of low Raffinose and stachyose (LRS) seeds expressing the mutant stc1 phenotype; in low Raffinose, stachyose, and phytin (LRSP1, LRSP2) seeds expressing the mutant mips phenotype; and in normal Raffinose, stachyose, and phytin (CHECK) seeds expressing the Stc1 and Mips phenotype during 17 stages of soybean seed development, maturation, and desiccation. Seventy percent of RFO accumulated after maximum seed dry weight during seed desiccation. LRS, LRSP1, and LRSP2 seeds had low RFO, but LRS seeds accumulated higher galactinol and di- and tri-galactosides of myo-inositol, D-chiro-inositol, and D-pinitol earlier during seed maturation than CHECK, LRSP1, and LRSP2. LRSP1 and LRSP2 seed had low RFO and low galactosyl cyclitols during maturation and were reported to have imbibitional chilling sensitivity and reduced field emergence.
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soluble carbohydrates in mature soybean seed after feeding d chiro inositol myo inositol or d pinitol to stem leaf pod explants of low Raffinose low stachyose lines
Plant Science, 2008Co-Authors: Ralph L. Obendorf, Elizabeth M. Sensenig, Minori Ohashi, Timothy E Osullivan, Suzanne M Kosina, Steven R. SchneblyAbstract:Abstract Soybean [Glycine max L. (Merrill)] embryos accumulate sucrose, Raffinose and stachyose during seed development and maturation. Raffinose and stachyose in soybean feed products are not digested by monogastric animals, resulting in flatulence and fewer nutrients for growth. Three lines of soybean selected for low-Raffinose and low-stachyose (LRS) or low-Raffinose, low-stachyose and low-phytin (LRSP1, LRSP2) concentrations in mature seed were compared to a CHECK line with normal concentrations of Raffinose, stachyose and phytin. To determine if increasing the supply of free cyclitols to developing seed of these lines results in increased accumulation of galactosyl cyclitols, soybean stem-leaf-pod explants of each line were fed solutions containing 10 mM d -chiro-inositol, 10 mM myo-inositol, or 10 mM d -pinitol, or a control solution without cyclitols for 7 days. Explants were air-dried for 14 days. Soluble carbohydrates were extracted from axis, cotyledon, and seed coat tissues of mature, dry seed and analyzed by high-resolution gas chromatography. Axis and cotyledons from mature seed of all modified lines had low concentrations of stachyose compared to the CHECK line when fed a control solution without cyclitols. Feeding d -chiro-inositol to explants increased fagopyritol B1 accumulation in mature seed from all lines. Feeding myo-inositol to explants increased stachyose accumulation in mature seed of LRSP1, but feeding d -pinitol to explants did not alter soluble carbohydrate composition of mature seed. These responses demonstrate that an increase in the supply of free d -chiro-inositol in maternal tissues can result in enhanced accumulation of fagopyritols in mature seed of low-Raffinose and low-stachyose or low-Raffinose, low-stachyose and low-phytin soybean.
Ralph L. Obendorf - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cyclitol galactosides in low-Raffinose, low-stachyose soybean embryos after feeding d-chiro-inositol, myo-inositol or d-pinitol
Seed Science Research, 2013Co-Authors: Elizabeth M. Sensenig, Ralph L. Obendorf, Erin M. Byrt, Anna B. Owczarczyk, Minori Ohashi, Steven R. SchneblyAbstract:AbstractSucrose, Raffinose and stachyose accumulate as stored soluble carbohydrates in embryos during soybean [Glycine max L. (Merrill)] seed development and maturation. Raffinose and stachyose in soybean feed products are not digested by humans, chickens or pigs, resulting in flatulence and reduced nutritional value. Soybean lines selected for low Raffinose and low stachyose (LRS) or low Raffinose, low stachyose and low phytin (LRSP1, LRSP2) concentrations in mature seeds were compared to a CHECK line with normal Raffinose, stachyose and phytin. To determine whether increasing the supply of free cyclitols to immature embryos of these lines results in increased accumulation of galactosyl cyclitols, isolated immature embryos free of maternal tissues were fed solutions containing either d-chiro-inositol, myo-inositol or d-pinitol, or a control solution without cyclitols, for 24 h. Embryos were precociously matured by slow drying for 14 d with daily transfers to stepwise lower relative humidities. Soluble carbohydrates were extracted from axis and cotyledon tissues of mature, dry embryos and analysed by high-resolution gas chromatography. Axis and cotyledons from LRS, LRSP1 and LRSP2 embryos had low concentrations of stachyose compared to CHECK embryos after feeding a control solution without cyclitols. Feeding d-chiro-inositol to isolated embryos increased fagopyritol B1 accumulation in embryos of all lines. Feeding myo-inositol increased stachyose accumulation in LRSP1 and LRSP2 cotyledons. Feeding d-pinitol increased free d-pinitol in cotyledons of all lines but increased galactopinitol A and galactopinitol B only in LRS cotyledons. Supplying additional d-chiro-inositol to immature embryos can enhance accumulation of fagopyritol B1 in mature embryos of low-Raffinose and low-stachyose or low-Raffinose, low-stachyose and low-phytin soybeans.
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free cyclitol unloading from seed coats on stem leaf pod explants of low Raffinose low stachyose low phytin soybean
Seed Science Research, 2010Co-Authors: Suzanne M Kosina, Steven R. Schnebly, Ralph L. ObendorfAbstract:Raffinose, stachyose and phytin are undesirable compounds for soybean food and animal feed products. In seeds, Raffinose and stachyose are believed to contribute to desiccation and cold stress tolerance. Thus, removal of these compounds from soybean by genetic mutation has resulted in a more commercially desirable composition, but potentially less physiologically viable seeds. In an effort to develop a method to improve viability and seed storability in soybean, stem–leaf–pod explants of three low Raffinose, low stachyose lines, two of which were also low in phytin, and a check line were fed solutions containing d - chiro -inositol, myo -inositol or d -pinitol, free cyclitols which unload through the seed coat to the developing embryo where they accumulate as fagopyritols, galactinol and galactopinitols, respectively, during seed maturation. Increased galactopinitol and fagopyritol accumulation may substitute for the roles of Raffinose and stachyose in low Raffinose, stachyose and phytin seeds. Explants of all lines unloaded d - chiro -inositol, myo -inositol and d -pinitol. Fed d - chiro -inositol accumulated in leaf tissues demonstrating uptake into explants. Fed d - chiro -inositol and myo -inositol accumulated in pod wall and seed coat tissues of one or more lines. The results indicate that d - chiro -inositol was unloaded from the seed coat to the embryo in increased amounts after feeding. The potential use of increased maternal d - chiro -inositol for synthesis of fagopyritols in embryos to improve seed performance in low-stachyose and low-phytin soybean seeds is supported. The seed coat cup unloading of fed free cyclitols may provide a model system to test effective unloading of upregulated maternally synthesized cyclitols.
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accumulation of soluble carbohydrates during seed development and maturation of low Raffinose low stachyose soybean
Crop Science, 2009Co-Authors: Ralph L. Obendorf, Elizabeth M. Sensenig, Suzanne M Kosina, Angela D Zimmerman, Qianyi Zhang, Alexander Castillo, Elizabeth G Bryant, Steven R. SchneblyAbstract:Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeds accumulate sucrose, Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFO), phytin, and small amounts of galactopinitols and fagopyritols during normal seed maturation. RFO and phytin are indigestible by non-ruminant animals and contribute to decreased feed efficiency, reduced mineral adsorption, and phosphorous pollution in manure. Low Raffinose, stachyose, and phytin seed may have imbibitional chilling sensitivity and reduced field emergence. The objective was to characterize the profiles of soluble carbohydrates in cotyledons, axis, and seed coats of low Raffinose and stachyose (LRS) seeds expressing the mutant stc1 phenotype; in low Raffinose, stachyose, and phytin (LRSP1, LRSP2) seeds expressing the mutant mips phenotype; and in normal Raffinose, stachyose, and phytin (CHECK) seeds expressing the Stc1 and Mips phenotype during 17 stages of soybean seed development, maturation, and desiccation. Seventy percent of RFO accumulated after maximum seed dry weight during seed desiccation. LRS, LRSP1, and LRSP2 seeds had low RFO, but LRS seeds accumulated higher galactinol and di- and tri-galactosides of myo-inositol, D-chiro-inositol, and D-pinitol earlier during seed maturation than CHECK, LRSP1, and LRSP2. LRSP1 and LRSP2 seed had low RFO and low galactosyl cyclitols during maturation and were reported to have imbibitional chilling sensitivity and reduced field emergence.
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soluble carbohydrates in mature soybean seed after feeding d chiro inositol myo inositol or d pinitol to stem leaf pod explants of low Raffinose low stachyose lines
Plant Science, 2008Co-Authors: Ralph L. Obendorf, Elizabeth M. Sensenig, Minori Ohashi, Timothy E Osullivan, Suzanne M Kosina, Steven R. SchneblyAbstract:Abstract Soybean [Glycine max L. (Merrill)] embryos accumulate sucrose, Raffinose and stachyose during seed development and maturation. Raffinose and stachyose in soybean feed products are not digested by monogastric animals, resulting in flatulence and fewer nutrients for growth. Three lines of soybean selected for low-Raffinose and low-stachyose (LRS) or low-Raffinose, low-stachyose and low-phytin (LRSP1, LRSP2) concentrations in mature seed were compared to a CHECK line with normal concentrations of Raffinose, stachyose and phytin. To determine if increasing the supply of free cyclitols to developing seed of these lines results in increased accumulation of galactosyl cyclitols, soybean stem-leaf-pod explants of each line were fed solutions containing 10 mM d -chiro-inositol, 10 mM myo-inositol, or 10 mM d -pinitol, or a control solution without cyclitols for 7 days. Explants were air-dried for 14 days. Soluble carbohydrates were extracted from axis, cotyledon, and seed coat tissues of mature, dry seed and analyzed by high-resolution gas chromatography. Axis and cotyledons from mature seed of all modified lines had low concentrations of stachyose compared to the CHECK line when fed a control solution without cyclitols. Feeding d -chiro-inositol to explants increased fagopyritol B1 accumulation in mature seed from all lines. Feeding myo-inositol to explants increased stachyose accumulation in mature seed of LRSP1, but feeding d -pinitol to explants did not alter soluble carbohydrate composition of mature seed. These responses demonstrate that an increase in the supply of free d -chiro-inositol in maternal tissues can result in enhanced accumulation of fagopyritols in mature seed of low-Raffinose and low-stachyose or low-Raffinose, low-stachyose and low-phytin soybean.
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Raffinose accumulation related to desiccation tolerance during maize zea mays l seed development and maturation
Journal of Plant Physiology, 1997Co-Authors: P. Brenac, Margaret E. Smith, Marcin Horbowicz, Susan M Downer, Alexandra M Dickerman, Ralph L. ObendorfAbstract:Summary A comprehensive analysis of soluble carbohydrates in developing embryos of field-grown maize seed was used to establish the relationship of sucrose and Raffinose levels and their mass ratio to the occurrence of desiccation tolerance in immature whole kernels and in isolated embryos. Kernel, endosperm, and embryo dry mass were maximum at 56 d after pollination (DAP). Freshly harvested seeds germinated between 64 and 86 DAP, but after fast drying at 12 % relative humidity, seeds germinated between 30 and 36 DAP and between 14 and 22 DAP after slow drying on the ear. Freshly harvested isolated embryos germinated between 14 and 16 DAP, between 26 and 45 DAP after fast drying, and between 18 and 22 DAP after slow drying. Sucrose accumulated independendy of desiccation tolerance. Raffinose accumulation was not required for germination but was associated with survival after drying. Desiccation tolerance was not observed in the absence of Raffinose accumulation, but the presence of small quantities of Raffinose was not always associated with the onset of desiccation tolerance during early embryo development. Desiccation tolerance in maize embryos was associated with sucrose-to-Raffinose mass ratios less than 20∶1 and stage 2–3 in embryo development.
Suzanne M Kosina - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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free cyclitol unloading from seed coats on stem leaf pod explants of low Raffinose low stachyose low phytin soybean
Seed Science Research, 2010Co-Authors: Suzanne M Kosina, Steven R. Schnebly, Ralph L. ObendorfAbstract:Raffinose, stachyose and phytin are undesirable compounds for soybean food and animal feed products. In seeds, Raffinose and stachyose are believed to contribute to desiccation and cold stress tolerance. Thus, removal of these compounds from soybean by genetic mutation has resulted in a more commercially desirable composition, but potentially less physiologically viable seeds. In an effort to develop a method to improve viability and seed storability in soybean, stem–leaf–pod explants of three low Raffinose, low stachyose lines, two of which were also low in phytin, and a check line were fed solutions containing d - chiro -inositol, myo -inositol or d -pinitol, free cyclitols which unload through the seed coat to the developing embryo where they accumulate as fagopyritols, galactinol and galactopinitols, respectively, during seed maturation. Increased galactopinitol and fagopyritol accumulation may substitute for the roles of Raffinose and stachyose in low Raffinose, stachyose and phytin seeds. Explants of all lines unloaded d - chiro -inositol, myo -inositol and d -pinitol. Fed d - chiro -inositol accumulated in leaf tissues demonstrating uptake into explants. Fed d - chiro -inositol and myo -inositol accumulated in pod wall and seed coat tissues of one or more lines. The results indicate that d - chiro -inositol was unloaded from the seed coat to the embryo in increased amounts after feeding. The potential use of increased maternal d - chiro -inositol for synthesis of fagopyritols in embryos to improve seed performance in low-stachyose and low-phytin soybean seeds is supported. The seed coat cup unloading of fed free cyclitols may provide a model system to test effective unloading of upregulated maternally synthesized cyclitols.
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accumulation of soluble carbohydrates during seed development and maturation of low Raffinose low stachyose soybean
Crop Science, 2009Co-Authors: Ralph L. Obendorf, Elizabeth M. Sensenig, Suzanne M Kosina, Angela D Zimmerman, Qianyi Zhang, Alexander Castillo, Elizabeth G Bryant, Steven R. SchneblyAbstract:Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeds accumulate sucrose, Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFO), phytin, and small amounts of galactopinitols and fagopyritols during normal seed maturation. RFO and phytin are indigestible by non-ruminant animals and contribute to decreased feed efficiency, reduced mineral adsorption, and phosphorous pollution in manure. Low Raffinose, stachyose, and phytin seed may have imbibitional chilling sensitivity and reduced field emergence. The objective was to characterize the profiles of soluble carbohydrates in cotyledons, axis, and seed coats of low Raffinose and stachyose (LRS) seeds expressing the mutant stc1 phenotype; in low Raffinose, stachyose, and phytin (LRSP1, LRSP2) seeds expressing the mutant mips phenotype; and in normal Raffinose, stachyose, and phytin (CHECK) seeds expressing the Stc1 and Mips phenotype during 17 stages of soybean seed development, maturation, and desiccation. Seventy percent of RFO accumulated after maximum seed dry weight during seed desiccation. LRS, LRSP1, and LRSP2 seeds had low RFO, but LRS seeds accumulated higher galactinol and di- and tri-galactosides of myo-inositol, D-chiro-inositol, and D-pinitol earlier during seed maturation than CHECK, LRSP1, and LRSP2. LRSP1 and LRSP2 seed had low RFO and low galactosyl cyclitols during maturation and were reported to have imbibitional chilling sensitivity and reduced field emergence.
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soluble carbohydrates in mature soybean seed after feeding d chiro inositol myo inositol or d pinitol to stem leaf pod explants of low Raffinose low stachyose lines
Plant Science, 2008Co-Authors: Ralph L. Obendorf, Elizabeth M. Sensenig, Minori Ohashi, Timothy E Osullivan, Suzanne M Kosina, Steven R. SchneblyAbstract:Abstract Soybean [Glycine max L. (Merrill)] embryos accumulate sucrose, Raffinose and stachyose during seed development and maturation. Raffinose and stachyose in soybean feed products are not digested by monogastric animals, resulting in flatulence and fewer nutrients for growth. Three lines of soybean selected for low-Raffinose and low-stachyose (LRS) or low-Raffinose, low-stachyose and low-phytin (LRSP1, LRSP2) concentrations in mature seed were compared to a CHECK line with normal concentrations of Raffinose, stachyose and phytin. To determine if increasing the supply of free cyclitols to developing seed of these lines results in increased accumulation of galactosyl cyclitols, soybean stem-leaf-pod explants of each line were fed solutions containing 10 mM d -chiro-inositol, 10 mM myo-inositol, or 10 mM d -pinitol, or a control solution without cyclitols for 7 days. Explants were air-dried for 14 days. Soluble carbohydrates were extracted from axis, cotyledon, and seed coat tissues of mature, dry seed and analyzed by high-resolution gas chromatography. Axis and cotyledons from mature seed of all modified lines had low concentrations of stachyose compared to the CHECK line when fed a control solution without cyclitols. Feeding d -chiro-inositol to explants increased fagopyritol B1 accumulation in mature seed from all lines. Feeding myo-inositol to explants increased stachyose accumulation in mature seed of LRSP1, but feeding d -pinitol to explants did not alter soluble carbohydrate composition of mature seed. These responses demonstrate that an increase in the supply of free d -chiro-inositol in maternal tissues can result in enhanced accumulation of fagopyritols in mature seed of low-Raffinose and low-stachyose or low-Raffinose, low-stachyose and low-phytin soybean.
Elizabeth M. Sensenig - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cyclitol galactosides in low-Raffinose, low-stachyose soybean embryos after feeding d-chiro-inositol, myo-inositol or d-pinitol
Seed Science Research, 2013Co-Authors: Elizabeth M. Sensenig, Ralph L. Obendorf, Erin M. Byrt, Anna B. Owczarczyk, Minori Ohashi, Steven R. SchneblyAbstract:AbstractSucrose, Raffinose and stachyose accumulate as stored soluble carbohydrates in embryos during soybean [Glycine max L. (Merrill)] seed development and maturation. Raffinose and stachyose in soybean feed products are not digested by humans, chickens or pigs, resulting in flatulence and reduced nutritional value. Soybean lines selected for low Raffinose and low stachyose (LRS) or low Raffinose, low stachyose and low phytin (LRSP1, LRSP2) concentrations in mature seeds were compared to a CHECK line with normal Raffinose, stachyose and phytin. To determine whether increasing the supply of free cyclitols to immature embryos of these lines results in increased accumulation of galactosyl cyclitols, isolated immature embryos free of maternal tissues were fed solutions containing either d-chiro-inositol, myo-inositol or d-pinitol, or a control solution without cyclitols, for 24 h. Embryos were precociously matured by slow drying for 14 d with daily transfers to stepwise lower relative humidities. Soluble carbohydrates were extracted from axis and cotyledon tissues of mature, dry embryos and analysed by high-resolution gas chromatography. Axis and cotyledons from LRS, LRSP1 and LRSP2 embryos had low concentrations of stachyose compared to CHECK embryos after feeding a control solution without cyclitols. Feeding d-chiro-inositol to isolated embryos increased fagopyritol B1 accumulation in embryos of all lines. Feeding myo-inositol increased stachyose accumulation in LRSP1 and LRSP2 cotyledons. Feeding d-pinitol increased free d-pinitol in cotyledons of all lines but increased galactopinitol A and galactopinitol B only in LRS cotyledons. Supplying additional d-chiro-inositol to immature embryos can enhance accumulation of fagopyritol B1 in mature embryos of low-Raffinose and low-stachyose or low-Raffinose, low-stachyose and low-phytin soybeans.
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accumulation of soluble carbohydrates during seed development and maturation of low Raffinose low stachyose soybean
Crop Science, 2009Co-Authors: Ralph L. Obendorf, Elizabeth M. Sensenig, Suzanne M Kosina, Angela D Zimmerman, Qianyi Zhang, Alexander Castillo, Elizabeth G Bryant, Steven R. SchneblyAbstract:Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeds accumulate sucrose, Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFO), phytin, and small amounts of galactopinitols and fagopyritols during normal seed maturation. RFO and phytin are indigestible by non-ruminant animals and contribute to decreased feed efficiency, reduced mineral adsorption, and phosphorous pollution in manure. Low Raffinose, stachyose, and phytin seed may have imbibitional chilling sensitivity and reduced field emergence. The objective was to characterize the profiles of soluble carbohydrates in cotyledons, axis, and seed coats of low Raffinose and stachyose (LRS) seeds expressing the mutant stc1 phenotype; in low Raffinose, stachyose, and phytin (LRSP1, LRSP2) seeds expressing the mutant mips phenotype; and in normal Raffinose, stachyose, and phytin (CHECK) seeds expressing the Stc1 and Mips phenotype during 17 stages of soybean seed development, maturation, and desiccation. Seventy percent of RFO accumulated after maximum seed dry weight during seed desiccation. LRS, LRSP1, and LRSP2 seeds had low RFO, but LRS seeds accumulated higher galactinol and di- and tri-galactosides of myo-inositol, D-chiro-inositol, and D-pinitol earlier during seed maturation than CHECK, LRSP1, and LRSP2. LRSP1 and LRSP2 seed had low RFO and low galactosyl cyclitols during maturation and were reported to have imbibitional chilling sensitivity and reduced field emergence.
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soluble carbohydrates in mature soybean seed after feeding d chiro inositol myo inositol or d pinitol to stem leaf pod explants of low Raffinose low stachyose lines
Plant Science, 2008Co-Authors: Ralph L. Obendorf, Elizabeth M. Sensenig, Minori Ohashi, Timothy E Osullivan, Suzanne M Kosina, Steven R. SchneblyAbstract:Abstract Soybean [Glycine max L. (Merrill)] embryos accumulate sucrose, Raffinose and stachyose during seed development and maturation. Raffinose and stachyose in soybean feed products are not digested by monogastric animals, resulting in flatulence and fewer nutrients for growth. Three lines of soybean selected for low-Raffinose and low-stachyose (LRS) or low-Raffinose, low-stachyose and low-phytin (LRSP1, LRSP2) concentrations in mature seed were compared to a CHECK line with normal concentrations of Raffinose, stachyose and phytin. To determine if increasing the supply of free cyclitols to developing seed of these lines results in increased accumulation of galactosyl cyclitols, soybean stem-leaf-pod explants of each line were fed solutions containing 10 mM d -chiro-inositol, 10 mM myo-inositol, or 10 mM d -pinitol, or a control solution without cyclitols for 7 days. Explants were air-dried for 14 days. Soluble carbohydrates were extracted from axis, cotyledon, and seed coat tissues of mature, dry seed and analyzed by high-resolution gas chromatography. Axis and cotyledons from mature seed of all modified lines had low concentrations of stachyose compared to the CHECK line when fed a control solution without cyclitols. Feeding d -chiro-inositol to explants increased fagopyritol B1 accumulation in mature seed from all lines. Feeding myo-inositol to explants increased stachyose accumulation in mature seed of LRSP1, but feeding d -pinitol to explants did not alter soluble carbohydrate composition of mature seed. These responses demonstrate that an increase in the supply of free d -chiro-inositol in maternal tissues can result in enhanced accumulation of fagopyritols in mature seed of low-Raffinose and low-stachyose or low-Raffinose, low-stachyose and low-phytin soybean.
Minori Ohashi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cyclitol galactosides in low-Raffinose, low-stachyose soybean embryos after feeding d-chiro-inositol, myo-inositol or d-pinitol
Seed Science Research, 2013Co-Authors: Elizabeth M. Sensenig, Ralph L. Obendorf, Erin M. Byrt, Anna B. Owczarczyk, Minori Ohashi, Steven R. SchneblyAbstract:AbstractSucrose, Raffinose and stachyose accumulate as stored soluble carbohydrates in embryos during soybean [Glycine max L. (Merrill)] seed development and maturation. Raffinose and stachyose in soybean feed products are not digested by humans, chickens or pigs, resulting in flatulence and reduced nutritional value. Soybean lines selected for low Raffinose and low stachyose (LRS) or low Raffinose, low stachyose and low phytin (LRSP1, LRSP2) concentrations in mature seeds were compared to a CHECK line with normal Raffinose, stachyose and phytin. To determine whether increasing the supply of free cyclitols to immature embryos of these lines results in increased accumulation of galactosyl cyclitols, isolated immature embryos free of maternal tissues were fed solutions containing either d-chiro-inositol, myo-inositol or d-pinitol, or a control solution without cyclitols, for 24 h. Embryos were precociously matured by slow drying for 14 d with daily transfers to stepwise lower relative humidities. Soluble carbohydrates were extracted from axis and cotyledon tissues of mature, dry embryos and analysed by high-resolution gas chromatography. Axis and cotyledons from LRS, LRSP1 and LRSP2 embryos had low concentrations of stachyose compared to CHECK embryos after feeding a control solution without cyclitols. Feeding d-chiro-inositol to isolated embryos increased fagopyritol B1 accumulation in embryos of all lines. Feeding myo-inositol increased stachyose accumulation in LRSP1 and LRSP2 cotyledons. Feeding d-pinitol increased free d-pinitol in cotyledons of all lines but increased galactopinitol A and galactopinitol B only in LRS cotyledons. Supplying additional d-chiro-inositol to immature embryos can enhance accumulation of fagopyritol B1 in mature embryos of low-Raffinose and low-stachyose or low-Raffinose, low-stachyose and low-phytin soybeans.
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soluble carbohydrates in mature soybean seed after feeding d chiro inositol myo inositol or d pinitol to stem leaf pod explants of low Raffinose low stachyose lines
Plant Science, 2008Co-Authors: Ralph L. Obendorf, Elizabeth M. Sensenig, Minori Ohashi, Timothy E Osullivan, Suzanne M Kosina, Steven R. SchneblyAbstract:Abstract Soybean [Glycine max L. (Merrill)] embryos accumulate sucrose, Raffinose and stachyose during seed development and maturation. Raffinose and stachyose in soybean feed products are not digested by monogastric animals, resulting in flatulence and fewer nutrients for growth. Three lines of soybean selected for low-Raffinose and low-stachyose (LRS) or low-Raffinose, low-stachyose and low-phytin (LRSP1, LRSP2) concentrations in mature seed were compared to a CHECK line with normal concentrations of Raffinose, stachyose and phytin. To determine if increasing the supply of free cyclitols to developing seed of these lines results in increased accumulation of galactosyl cyclitols, soybean stem-leaf-pod explants of each line were fed solutions containing 10 mM d -chiro-inositol, 10 mM myo-inositol, or 10 mM d -pinitol, or a control solution without cyclitols for 7 days. Explants were air-dried for 14 days. Soluble carbohydrates were extracted from axis, cotyledon, and seed coat tissues of mature, dry seed and analyzed by high-resolution gas chromatography. Axis and cotyledons from mature seed of all modified lines had low concentrations of stachyose compared to the CHECK line when fed a control solution without cyclitols. Feeding d -chiro-inositol to explants increased fagopyritol B1 accumulation in mature seed from all lines. Feeding myo-inositol to explants increased stachyose accumulation in mature seed of LRSP1, but feeding d -pinitol to explants did not alter soluble carbohydrate composition of mature seed. These responses demonstrate that an increase in the supply of free d -chiro-inositol in maternal tissues can result in enhanced accumulation of fagopyritols in mature seed of low-Raffinose and low-stachyose or low-Raffinose, low-stachyose and low-phytin soybean.
