Railroad Cars

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Seung Yeb Baek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Fracture Mechanics Approach to X-Ray Diffraction Method for Spot Welded Lap Joint Structure of Rolled Steel Considered Residual Stress
    Transactions of The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A, 2011
    Co-Authors: Seung Yeb Baek
    Abstract:

    Cold and hot-rolled carbon steel sheets are commonly used in Railroad Cars or commercial vehicles such as the automobile. The sheets used in these applications are mainly fabricated by spot welding, which is a type of electric resistance welding. However, the fatigue strength of a spot-welded joint is lower than that of the base metal because of high stress concentration at the nugget edge of the spot-welded part. In particular, the fatigue strength of the joint is influenced by not only geometrical and mechanical factors but also the welding conditions for the spot-welded joint. Therefore, there is a need for establishing a reasonable criterion for a long-life design for spot-welded structures. In this thesis, P-N Δ f relation curves have been used to determine a long-life fatigue-design criterion for thin-sheet structures. However, as these curves vary under the influence of welding conditions, mechanical conditions, geometrical factors, etc. It is very difficult to systematically determine a fatigue-design criterion on the basis of these curves. Therefore, in order to eliminate such problems, the welding residual stresses generated during welding and the stress distributions around the weld generated by external forces were numerically and experimentally analyzed on the basis of the results, reassessed fatigue strength of gas welded joints.

  • A study on the fatigue life prediction of the various gas-welded joints using a probabilistic statistics technique
    Metals and Materials International, 2011
    Co-Authors: Seung Yeb Baek
    Abstract:

    Gas welding is a very important and useful technology in the fabrication of Railroad Cars and commercial vehicle structures. However, since the fatigue strength of gas-welded joints is considerably lower than that of the base of material due to stress concentration at the weld, the fatigue strength assessment of gas-welded joints is very important for the reliability and durability of Railroad Cars and establishment of criteria for long-life fatigue design. In this study, after evaluating the fatigue strength using a simulated specimen that satisfies not only the structural characteristics but also the mechanical condition of the actual structure, the fatigue design criteria are determined and applied to the fatigue design of the gas welded body structure. To save time and cost for the fatigue design, we investigated an accelerated life-prediction using a probabilistic statistics technique based on the theory of statistical reliability. The (Δσ_ a )_R-N_f relationship was obtained from actual fatigue test data, including welding residual stress. On the basis of these results, the (Δσ_a)_R-(N_f)_ALP relationship that was derived from statistical probability analysis was compared with the actual fatigue test data. Therefore, it is expected that the accelerated life prediction will provide a useful method of determining the criteria for fatigue design and predicting a specific target life.

  • Reliability assessment and prediction of a fatigue design criterion for the gas-welded joints
    Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Seung Yeb Baek
    Abstract:

    Gas metal arc welding is a very important and useful technology in the fabrication of Railroad Cars and commercial vehicle structures. However, since the fatigue strength of the joints welded by gas metal arc welding is considerably lower than that of the parent material due to stress concentration and metallurgical changes at the weld, the fatigue-strength assessment of welded joints is very important for the reliability and durability of Railroad Cars and the establishment of a criterion for long-life fatigue design. In this paper, in order to save time and cost for the fatigue design, an accelerated life-prediction method that is based on the theory of statistical reliability was investigated. Its usefulness was verified by comparing the (Δσ_a)_R-N_f relationship that was obtained from actual fatigue test results with the (Δσ_a)R-(N_f)_ALP relationship that was derived from accelerated life testing. And the reliability of the predicted life was evaluated. The reliability of the accelerated life-prediction on the base of actual test data was analyzed to be 80% for the plug-type gas-welded joints and 95% for the ring-type gas-welded joints.

  • Reliability assessment and prediction of a fatigue design criterion for the gas-welded joints †
    Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Seung Yeb Baek
    Abstract:

    Gas metal arc welding is a very important and useful technology in the fabrication of Railroad Cars and commercial vehicle structures. However, since the fatigue strength of the joints welded by gas metal arc welding is considerably lower than that of the parent material due to stress concentration and metallurgical changes at the weld, the fatigue-strength assessment of welded joints is very important for the reliability and durability of Railroad Cars and the establishment of a criterion for long-life fatigue design. In this paper, in order to save time and cost for the fatigue design, an accelerated life-prediction method that is based on the theory of statistical reliability was investigated. Its usefulness was verified by comparing the (Δσa)R-Nf relationship that was obtained from actual fatigue test results with the (Δσa)R-(Nf)ALP relationship that was derived from accelerated life testing. And the reliability of the predicted life was evaluated. The reliability of the accelerated life-prediction on the base of actual test data was analyzed to be 80% for the plug-type gas-welded joints and 95% for the ring-type gas-welded joints.

  • Reliability Assessment and Accelerated Life Prediction of Gas Welded Joint in the Rail Road Car Body (1. Plug and Ring Type)
    Journal of the Korean Welding and Joining Society, 2010
    Co-Authors: Seung Yeb Baek
    Abstract:

    Abstract Stainless steel sheets are widely used as the structure material for the Railroad Cars and the commercial vehicles. These kinds structures used stainless steel sheets are commonly fabricated by using the gas welding.Gas welding is very important and useful technology in fabrication of a Railroad car and vehicles structure. However fatigue strength of the gas welded joints is considerably lower than parent metal due to stress concentration at the weld, fatigue strength evaluation of gas welded joints are very important to evaluate the reliability and durability of Railroad Cars and to establish a criterion of long life fatigue design. In this paper, (Δσ a ) R -N f curve were obtained by fatigue tests. Using these results, the accelerated life test(ALT) was conducted. From the experimental results, an acceleration model was derived and acceleration factors are estimated. So it is intended to obtain the useful information for the fatigue lifetime of plug and ring gas welded joints and data analysis by statistic reliability method, to save time and cost, and to develop optimum accelerated life prediction plans Key Words : Fatigue strength, Gas welding, Reliability, Fatigue life, Rail road car

Christoph Mecklenbraeuker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • VTC-Fall - Distributed Measurements of the Penetration Loss of Railroad Cars
    2017 IEEE 86th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall), 2017
    Co-Authors: Martin Lerch, Philipp Svoboda, Stephan Ojak, Markus Rupp, Christoph Mecklenbraeuker
    Abstract:

    The mobile cellular service coverage of nomadic users in the context of high speed vehicular scenarios, e.g., Railroad trains, is challenging. Energy saving efforts of the past years have lead to substantially increased vehicle penetration losses, e.g., by metal shielded windows. As a result providing coverage into Railroad Cars is an emerging topic for optimization efforts, either based on network deployment or on Railroad car materials. The quality of these efforts rely heavily on the understanding of the vehicle penetration loss and its angular dependency. In this paper we present a distributed measurement methodology and setup allowing for measuring the penetration loss of Railroad Cars. We validate the feasibility of the methodology in a real world measurement campaign in Austria. There, we compare two different car configurations, standard and prototypical, at 800-2600MHz for azimuthal angles of arrival of 0-60 degree. The comparison of the two configurations shows a substantial lower penetration loss of the prototypical setup due to windows with alternative material treatment.

  • Distributed Measurements of the Penetration Loss of Railroad Cars
    2017 IEEE 86th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall), 2017
    Co-Authors: Martin Lerch, Philipp Svoboda, Stephan Ojak, Markus Rupp, Christoph Mecklenbraeuker
    Abstract:

    The mobile cellular service coverage of nomadic users in the context of high speed vehicular scenarios, e.g., Railroad trains, is challenging. Energy saving efforts of the past years have lead to substantially increased vehicle penetration losses, e.g., by metal shielded windows. As a result providing coverage into Railroad Cars is an emerging topic for optimization efforts, either based on network deployment or on Railroad car materials. The quality of these efforts rely heavily on the understanding of the vehicle penetration loss and its angular dependency. In this paper we present a distributed measurement methodology and setup allowing for measuring the penetration loss of Railroad Cars. We validate the feasibility of the methodology in a real world measurement campaign in Austria. There, we compare two different car configurations, standard and prototypical, at 800-2600MHz for azimuthal angles of arrival of 0-60 degree. The comparison of the two configurations shows a substantial lower penetration loss of the prototypical setup due to windows with alternative material treatment.

Sarbajit Banerjee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Biomimetic Plastronic Surfaces for Handling of Viscous Oil
    Energy and Fuels, 2017
    Co-Authors: Thomas E. O'loughlin, Nathan A. Fleer, Theodore E.g. Alivio, Stephanie Ruus, Subodh Gupta, Jennifer Wood, Robert V. Dennis, Sarbajit Banerjee
    Abstract:

    © 2017 American Chemical Society. Unconventional deposits such as extra heavy oil and bitumen represent a steadily increasing proportion of extracted fuels. The rheological properties of viscous crude oil represents a formidable impediment to their extraction, transportation, and processing and have necessitated considerable retooling and changes to process design. In this work, we demonstrate that highly textured inorganic substrates generated by depositing ZnO nanotetrapods onto periodically ordered stainless steel mesh substrates exhibit viscous oil contact angles exceeding 150°as well as enable the facile gliding of viscous oil. Such functionality is derived as a result of multiscale texturation and porosity achieved within these substrates, which are characterized by trapping of plastronic air pockets at the solid/liquid interface. Further reduction of the surface energy has been achieved by constituting a helical highly ordered self-assembled monolayer of a perfluorinated phosphonic acid on the ZnO surfaces. Such structures are strongly ejected upon immersion in water with water contact angles in excess of 160°. The functionalized substrates demonstrate remarkable superoleophobic behavior toward viscous crude oil with contact angles reaching 156°and are furthermore stable to temperatures of 290°C. The remarkable results evidenced here hold promise for deployment of these constructs in the handling of viscous oil in order to reduce losses associated with transportation from Railroad Cars, pipelines, and other oil-handling equipment.

Martin Lerch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • VTC-Fall - Distributed Measurements of the Penetration Loss of Railroad Cars
    2017 IEEE 86th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall), 2017
    Co-Authors: Martin Lerch, Philipp Svoboda, Stephan Ojak, Markus Rupp, Christoph Mecklenbraeuker
    Abstract:

    The mobile cellular service coverage of nomadic users in the context of high speed vehicular scenarios, e.g., Railroad trains, is challenging. Energy saving efforts of the past years have lead to substantially increased vehicle penetration losses, e.g., by metal shielded windows. As a result providing coverage into Railroad Cars is an emerging topic for optimization efforts, either based on network deployment or on Railroad car materials. The quality of these efforts rely heavily on the understanding of the vehicle penetration loss and its angular dependency. In this paper we present a distributed measurement methodology and setup allowing for measuring the penetration loss of Railroad Cars. We validate the feasibility of the methodology in a real world measurement campaign in Austria. There, we compare two different car configurations, standard and prototypical, at 800-2600MHz for azimuthal angles of arrival of 0-60 degree. The comparison of the two configurations shows a substantial lower penetration loss of the prototypical setup due to windows with alternative material treatment.

  • Distributed Measurements of the Penetration Loss of Railroad Cars
    2017 IEEE 86th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall), 2017
    Co-Authors: Martin Lerch, Philipp Svoboda, Stephan Ojak, Markus Rupp, Christoph Mecklenbraeuker
    Abstract:

    The mobile cellular service coverage of nomadic users in the context of high speed vehicular scenarios, e.g., Railroad trains, is challenging. Energy saving efforts of the past years have lead to substantially increased vehicle penetration losses, e.g., by metal shielded windows. As a result providing coverage into Railroad Cars is an emerging topic for optimization efforts, either based on network deployment or on Railroad car materials. The quality of these efforts rely heavily on the understanding of the vehicle penetration loss and its angular dependency. In this paper we present a distributed measurement methodology and setup allowing for measuring the penetration loss of Railroad Cars. We validate the feasibility of the methodology in a real world measurement campaign in Austria. There, we compare two different car configurations, standard and prototypical, at 800-2600MHz for azimuthal angles of arrival of 0-60 degree. The comparison of the two configurations shows a substantial lower penetration loss of the prototypical setup due to windows with alternative material treatment.

Thomas E. O'loughlin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Biomimetic Plastronic Surfaces for Handling of Viscous Oil
    Energy and Fuels, 2017
    Co-Authors: Thomas E. O'loughlin, Nathan A. Fleer, Theodore E.g. Alivio, Stephanie Ruus, Subodh Gupta, Jennifer Wood, Robert V. Dennis, Sarbajit Banerjee
    Abstract:

    © 2017 American Chemical Society. Unconventional deposits such as extra heavy oil and bitumen represent a steadily increasing proportion of extracted fuels. The rheological properties of viscous crude oil represents a formidable impediment to their extraction, transportation, and processing and have necessitated considerable retooling and changes to process design. In this work, we demonstrate that highly textured inorganic substrates generated by depositing ZnO nanotetrapods onto periodically ordered stainless steel mesh substrates exhibit viscous oil contact angles exceeding 150°as well as enable the facile gliding of viscous oil. Such functionality is derived as a result of multiscale texturation and porosity achieved within these substrates, which are characterized by trapping of plastronic air pockets at the solid/liquid interface. Further reduction of the surface energy has been achieved by constituting a helical highly ordered self-assembled monolayer of a perfluorinated phosphonic acid on the ZnO surfaces. Such structures are strongly ejected upon immersion in water with water contact angles in excess of 160°. The functionalized substrates demonstrate remarkable superoleophobic behavior toward viscous crude oil with contact angles reaching 156°and are furthermore stable to temperatures of 290°C. The remarkable results evidenced here hold promise for deployment of these constructs in the handling of viscous oil in order to reduce losses associated with transportation from Railroad Cars, pipelines, and other oil-handling equipment.