The Experts below are selected from a list of 222 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Vasee S Moorthy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A review of malaria vaccine clinical projects based on the WHO Rainbow Table
Malaria Journal, 2012Co-Authors: Lauren Schwartz, Graham V Brown, Blaise Genton, Vasee S MoorthyAbstract:Development and Phase 3 testing of the most advanced malaria vaccine, RTS,S/AS01, indicates that malaria vaccine R&D is moving into a new phase. Field trials of several research malaria vaccines have also confirmed that it is possible to impact the host-parasite relationship through vaccine-induced immune responses to multiple antigenic targets using different platforms. Other approaches have been appropriately tested but turned out to be disappointing after clinical evaluation. As the malaria community considers the potential role of a first-generation malaria vaccine in malaria control efforts, it is an apposite time to carefully document terminated and ongoing malaria vaccine research projects so that lessons learned can be applied to increase the chances of success for second-generation malaria vaccines over the next 10 years. The most comprehensive resource of malaria vaccine projects is a spreadsheet compiled by WHO thanks to the input from funding agencies, sponsors and investigators worldwide. This spreadsheet, available from WHO's website, is known as "the Rainbow Table". By summarizing the published and some unpublished information available for each project on the Rainbow Table, the most comprehensive review of malaria vaccine projects to be published in the last several years is provided below.
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A review of malaria vaccine clinical projects based on the WHO Rainbow Table
Malaria journal, 2012Co-Authors: Lauren Schwartz, Blaise Genton, Graham Brown, Vasee S MoorthyAbstract:Development and Phase 3 testing of the most advanced malaria vaccine, RTS,S/AS01, indicates that malaria vaccine R&D is moving into a new phase. Field trials of several research malaria vaccines have also confirmed that it is possible to impact the host-parasite relationship through vaccine-induced immune responses to multiple antigenic targets using different platforms. Other approaches have been appropriately tested but turned out to be disappointing after clinical evaluation.
Lauren Schwartz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A review of malaria vaccine clinical projects based on the WHO Rainbow Table
Malaria Journal, 2012Co-Authors: Lauren Schwartz, Graham V Brown, Blaise Genton, Vasee S MoorthyAbstract:Development and Phase 3 testing of the most advanced malaria vaccine, RTS,S/AS01, indicates that malaria vaccine R&D is moving into a new phase. Field trials of several research malaria vaccines have also confirmed that it is possible to impact the host-parasite relationship through vaccine-induced immune responses to multiple antigenic targets using different platforms. Other approaches have been appropriately tested but turned out to be disappointing after clinical evaluation. As the malaria community considers the potential role of a first-generation malaria vaccine in malaria control efforts, it is an apposite time to carefully document terminated and ongoing malaria vaccine research projects so that lessons learned can be applied to increase the chances of success for second-generation malaria vaccines over the next 10 years. The most comprehensive resource of malaria vaccine projects is a spreadsheet compiled by WHO thanks to the input from funding agencies, sponsors and investigators worldwide. This spreadsheet, available from WHO's website, is known as "the Rainbow Table". By summarizing the published and some unpublished information available for each project on the Rainbow Table, the most comprehensive review of malaria vaccine projects to be published in the last several years is provided below.
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A review of malaria vaccine clinical projects based on the WHO Rainbow Table
Malaria journal, 2012Co-Authors: Lauren Schwartz, Blaise Genton, Graham Brown, Vasee S MoorthyAbstract:Development and Phase 3 testing of the most advanced malaria vaccine, RTS,S/AS01, indicates that malaria vaccine R&D is moving into a new phase. Field trials of several research malaria vaccines have also confirmed that it is possible to impact the host-parasite relationship through vaccine-induced immune responses to multiple antigenic targets using different platforms. Other approaches have been appropriately tested but turned out to be disappointing after clinical evaluation.
Xavier Carpent - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Heterogeneous Rainbow Table Widths Provide Faster Cryptanalyses
2017Co-Authors: Gildas Avoine, Xavier CarpentAbstract:Cryptanalytic time-memory trade-offs are techniques introduced by Hellman in 1980 to speed up exhaustive searches. Oechslin improved the original version with the introduction of Rainbow Tables in 2003. It is worth noting that this variant is nowadays used world-wide by security experts, notably to break passwords, and a key assumption is that Rainbow Tables are of equal width. We demonstrate in this paper that Rainbow Tables are underexploited due to this assumption never being challenged. We stress that the optimal width of each Rainbow Table should be individually - although not independently - calculated. So it goes for the memory allocated to each Table. We also stress that visiting sequentially the Rainbow Tables is no longer optimal when considering Tables with heterogeneous widths. We provide an algorithm to calculate the optimal configuration and a decision function to visit the Tables. Our technique performs very well: it makes any TMTO based on Rainbow Tables 40% faster than its classical version.
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AsiaCCS - Heterogeneous Rainbow Table Widths Provide Faster Cryptanalyses
Proceedings of the 2017 ACM on Asia Conference on Computer and Communications Security, 2017Co-Authors: Gildas Avoine, Xavier CarpentAbstract:International audienceCryptanalytic time-memory trade-offs are techniques introduced by Hellman in 1980 to speed up exhaustive searches. Oechslin improved the original version with the introduction of Rainbow Tables in 2003. It is worth noting that this variant is nowadays used world-wide by security experts, notably to break passwords, and a key assumption is that Rainbow Tables are of equal width. We demonstrate in this paper that Rainbow Tables are underexploited due to this assumption never being challenged. We stress that the optimal width of each Rainbow Table should be individually - although not independently - calculated. So it goes for the memory allocated to each Table. We also stress that visiting sequentially the Rainbow Tables is no longer optimal when considering Tables with heterogeneous widths.We provide an algorithm to calculate the optimal configuration and a decision function to visit the Tables. Our technique performs very well: it makes any TMTO based on Rainbow Tables 40% faster than its classical version
Blaise Genton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A review of malaria vaccine clinical projects based on the WHO Rainbow Table
Malaria Journal, 2012Co-Authors: Lauren Schwartz, Graham V Brown, Blaise Genton, Vasee S MoorthyAbstract:Development and Phase 3 testing of the most advanced malaria vaccine, RTS,S/AS01, indicates that malaria vaccine R&D is moving into a new phase. Field trials of several research malaria vaccines have also confirmed that it is possible to impact the host-parasite relationship through vaccine-induced immune responses to multiple antigenic targets using different platforms. Other approaches have been appropriately tested but turned out to be disappointing after clinical evaluation. As the malaria community considers the potential role of a first-generation malaria vaccine in malaria control efforts, it is an apposite time to carefully document terminated and ongoing malaria vaccine research projects so that lessons learned can be applied to increase the chances of success for second-generation malaria vaccines over the next 10 years. The most comprehensive resource of malaria vaccine projects is a spreadsheet compiled by WHO thanks to the input from funding agencies, sponsors and investigators worldwide. This spreadsheet, available from WHO's website, is known as "the Rainbow Table". By summarizing the published and some unpublished information available for each project on the Rainbow Table, the most comprehensive review of malaria vaccine projects to be published in the last several years is provided below.
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A review of malaria vaccine clinical projects based on the WHO Rainbow Table
Malaria journal, 2012Co-Authors: Lauren Schwartz, Blaise Genton, Graham Brown, Vasee S MoorthyAbstract:Development and Phase 3 testing of the most advanced malaria vaccine, RTS,S/AS01, indicates that malaria vaccine R&D is moving into a new phase. Field trials of several research malaria vaccines have also confirmed that it is possible to impact the host-parasite relationship through vaccine-induced immune responses to multiple antigenic targets using different platforms. Other approaches have been appropriately tested but turned out to be disappointing after clinical evaluation.
Charalampos Manifavas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fast fpga based Rainbow Table creation for attacking encrypted mobile communications
Field-Programmable Logic and Applications, 2013Co-Authors: Panagiotis Papantonakis, Dionisios Pnevmatikatos, Ioannis Papaefstathiou, Charalampos ManifavasAbstract:Encryption algorithms utilized in mobile communication systems have been under attack since their introduction, and many of these attacks have been successful in practical settings. One such example, A5/1 used in GSM, was attacked using “Rainbow Tables”, i.e. pre-computed Tables that trade long offline computation and large storage for runtime efficiency when cracking the code. Traditionally, Rainbow Tables were used to reverse password hashes. Their application against A5/1 opened up a new domain of exploitation. In this paper, we present an FPGA-based architecture for the efficient creation of Rainbow Tables for the A5/3 block cipher that is used in 2nd and 3rd generation mobile communication systems. The overall goal is to extract the encryption key, provided we have a ciphertext block under a known plaintext attack. The presented architecture exploits the parallelism in the Rainbow Table creation process, and using a Virtext5 LX330T achieves speedups around 9x and 550x for one and 64 compute engines respectively. We show that due to the limited available memory in our experimental setup, our approach achieves high success rates for a key space reduced to 242. We then demonstrate how we can seamlessly extend the proposed architecture to efficiently create much larger Rainbow Tables for the full key-space.
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FPL - Fast, FPGA-based Rainbow Table creation for attacking encrypted mobile communications
2013 23rd International Conference on Field programmable Logic and Applications, 2013Co-Authors: Panagiotis Papantonakis, Dionisios Pnevmatikatos, Ioannis Papaefstathiou, Charalampos ManifavasAbstract:Encryption algorithms utilized in mobile communication systems have been under attack since their introduction, and many of these attacks have been successful in practical settings. One such example, A5/1 used in GSM, was attacked using “Rainbow Tables”, i.e. pre-computed Tables that trade long offline computation and large storage for runtime efficiency when cracking the code. Traditionally, Rainbow Tables were used to reverse password hashes. Their application against A5/1 opened up a new domain of exploitation. In this paper, we present an FPGA-based architecture for the efficient creation of Rainbow Tables for the A5/3 block cipher that is used in 2nd and 3rd generation mobile communication systems. The overall goal is to extract the encryption key, provided we have a ciphertext block under a known plaintext attack. The presented architecture exploits the parallelism in the Rainbow Table creation process, and using a Virtext5 LX330T achieves speedups around 9x and 550x for one and 64 compute engines respectively. We show that due to the limited available memory in our experimental setup, our approach achieves high success rates for a key space reduced to 242. We then demonstrate how we can seamlessly extend the proposed architecture to efficiently create much larger Rainbow Tables for the full key-space.
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FPL - Breaking the GSM A5/1 cryptography algorithm with Rainbow Tables and high-end FPGAS
22nd International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL), 2012Co-Authors: Maria Kalenderi, Dionisios Pnevmatikatos, Ioannis Papaefstathiou, Charalampos ManifavasAbstract:A5 is the basic cryptographic algorithm used in GSM cell-phones to ensure that the user communication is protected against illicit acts. The A5/1 version was developed in 1987 and has since been under attack. The most recent attack on A5/1 is the “A51 security project”, led by Karsten Nohl that consists of the creation of Rainbow Tables that map the internal state of the algorithm with the keystream. Rainbow Tables are efficient structures that allow the tradeoff between run-time (computations performed to crack a conversation) and space (memory to hold pre-computed information). In this paper we describe a very effective parallel architecture for the creation of the A5/1 Rainbow Tables in reconfigurable hardware. Rainbow Table creation is the most expensive portion of cracking a particular encrypted information exchange. Our approach achieves almost 3000x speedup over a single processor, and 2.5x speedup compared to GPUs. This performance is achieved with less than 5 Watt power consumption, achieving an energy efficiency in the order of 150x better that the GPU approach
