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Andre Gebauer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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seasonal variations in the Rayleigh to love wave ratio in the secondary microseism from colocated ring laser and seismograph
Journal of Geophysical Research, 2016Co-Authors: Toshiro Tanimoto, Celine Hadziioannou, Heiner Igel, Ulrich Schreiber, Andre Gebauer, Joachim Wassermann, Bryant ChowAbstract:Monthly variations in the ratio of Rayleigh-to-Love waves in the secondary microseism are obtained from a colocated ring laser and an STS-2 seismograph at Wettzell, Germany. Two main conclusions are derived for the Rayleigh-to-Love wave kinetic energy ratios in the secondary microseism;first, the energy ratio is in the range 0.8-0.9 ( 1.0) throughout a year except for June and July. It means that Love wave energy is larger than Rayleigh wave energy most of the year by about 10-20%. Second, this ratio suddenly increases to 1.0-1.2 in June and July, indicating a larger fraction of Rayleigh wave energy. This change suggests that the locations and behaviors of excitation sources are different in these months.
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estimate of Rayleigh to love wave ratio in the secondary microseism by colocated ring laser and seismograph
Geophysical Research Letters, 2015Co-Authors: Toshiro Tanimoto, Celine Hadziioannou, Heiner Igel, Joachim Wasserman, Ulrich Schreiber, Andre GebauerAbstract:©2015. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Using a colocated ring laser and an STS-2 seismograph, we estimate the ratio of Rayleigh-to-Love waves in the secondary microseism at Wettzell, Germany, for frequencies between 0.13 and 0.30 Hz. Rayleigh wave surface acceleration was derived from the vertical component of STS-2, and Love wave surface acceleration was derived from the ring laser. Surface wave amplitudes are comparable; near the spectral peak about 0.22 Hz, Rayleigh wave amplitudes are about 20% higher than Love wave amplitudes, but outside this range, Love wave amplitudes become higher. In terms of the kinetic energy, Rayleigh wave energy is about 20-35% smaller on average than Love wave energy. The observed secondary microseism at Wettzell thus consists of comparable Rayleigh and Love waves but contributions from Love waves are larger. This is surprising as the only known excitation mechanism for the secondary microseism, described by Longuet-Higgins (1950), is equivalent to a vertical force and should mostly excite Rayleigh waves.
Toshiro Tanimoto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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seasonal variations in the Rayleigh to love wave ratio in the secondary microseism from colocated ring laser and seismograph
Journal of Geophysical Research, 2016Co-Authors: Toshiro Tanimoto, Celine Hadziioannou, Heiner Igel, Ulrich Schreiber, Andre Gebauer, Joachim Wassermann, Bryant ChowAbstract:Monthly variations in the ratio of Rayleigh-to-Love waves in the secondary microseism are obtained from a colocated ring laser and an STS-2 seismograph at Wettzell, Germany. Two main conclusions are derived for the Rayleigh-to-Love wave kinetic energy ratios in the secondary microseism;first, the energy ratio is in the range 0.8-0.9 ( 1.0) throughout a year except for June and July. It means that Love wave energy is larger than Rayleigh wave energy most of the year by about 10-20%. Second, this ratio suddenly increases to 1.0-1.2 in June and July, indicating a larger fraction of Rayleigh wave energy. This change suggests that the locations and behaviors of excitation sources are different in these months.
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estimate of Rayleigh to love wave ratio in the secondary microseism by colocated ring laser and seismograph
Geophysical Research Letters, 2015Co-Authors: Toshiro Tanimoto, Celine Hadziioannou, Heiner Igel, Joachim Wasserman, Ulrich Schreiber, Andre GebauerAbstract:©2015. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Using a colocated ring laser and an STS-2 seismograph, we estimate the ratio of Rayleigh-to-Love waves in the secondary microseism at Wettzell, Germany, for frequencies between 0.13 and 0.30 Hz. Rayleigh wave surface acceleration was derived from the vertical component of STS-2, and Love wave surface acceleration was derived from the ring laser. Surface wave amplitudes are comparable; near the spectral peak about 0.22 Hz, Rayleigh wave amplitudes are about 20% higher than Love wave amplitudes, but outside this range, Love wave amplitudes become higher. In terms of the kinetic energy, Rayleigh wave energy is about 20-35% smaller on average than Love wave energy. The observed secondary microseism at Wettzell thus consists of comparable Rayleigh and Love waves but contributions from Love waves are larger. This is surprising as the only known excitation mechanism for the secondary microseism, described by Longuet-Higgins (1950), is equivalent to a vertical force and should mostly excite Rayleigh waves.
Fan Chi Lin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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3 d crustal structure of the western united states application of Rayleigh wave ellipticity extracted from noise cross correlations
Geophysical Journal International, 2014Co-Authors: Fan Chi Lin, Victor C Tsai, Brandon SchmandtAbstract:We present a new 3-D seismic model of the western United States crust derived from a joint inversion of Rayleigh-wave phase velocity and ellipticity measurements using periods from 8 to 100 s. Improved constraints on upper-crustal structure result from use of short-period Rayleigh-wave ellipticity, or Rayleigh-wave H/V (horizontal to vertical) amplitude ratios, measurements determined using multicomponent ambient noise cross-correlations. To retain the amplitude ratio information between vertical and horizontal components, for each station, we perform daily noise pre-processing (temporal normalization and spectrum whitening) simultaneously for all three components. For each station pair, amplitude measurements between cross-correlations of different components (radial–radial, radial–vertical, vertical–radial and vertical–vertical) are then used to determine the Rayleigh-wave H/V ratios at the two station locations. We use all EarthScope/USArray Tranportable Array data available between 2007 January and 2011 June to determine the Rayleigh-wave H/V ratios and their uncertainties at all station locations and construct new Rayleigh-wave H/V ratio maps in the western United States between periods of 8 and 24 s. Combined with previous longer period earthquake Rayleigh-wave H/V ratio measurements and Rayleigh-wave phase velocity measurements from both ambient noise and earthquakes, we invert for a new 3-D crustal and upper-mantle model in the western United States. Correlation between the inverted model and known geological features at all depths suggests good resolution in five crustal layers. Use of short-period Rayleigh-wave H/V ratio measurements based on noise cross-correlation enables resolution of distinct near surface features such as the Columbia River Basalt flows, which overlie a thick sedimentary basin.
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surface wave tomography of the western united states from ambient seismic noise Rayleigh and love wave phase velocity maps
Geophysical Journal International, 2008Co-Authors: Fan Chi Lin, Morgan P Moschetti, Michael H RitzwollerAbstract:SUMMARY We present the results of Rayleigh wave and Love wave phase velocity tomography in the western United States using ambient seismic noise observed at over 250 broad-band stations from the EarthScope/USArray Transportable Array and regional networks. All available threecomponent time-series for the 12-month span between 2005 November 1 and 2006 October 31 have been cross-correlated to yield estimated empirical Rayleigh and Love wave Green’s functions. The Love wave signals were observed with higher average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than Rayleigh wave signals and hence cannot be fully explained by the scattering of Rayleigh waves. Phase velocity dispersion curves for both Rayleigh and Love waves between 5 and 40 speriod were measured for each interstation path by applying frequency‐time analysis. The average uncertainty and systematic bias of the measurements are estimated using a method based on analysing thousands of nearly linearly aligned station-triplets. We find that empirical Green’s functions can be estimated accurately from the negative time derivative of the symmetric component ambient noise cross-correlation without explicit knowledge of the source distribution. The average traveltime uncertainty is less than 1 s at periods shorter than 24 s. We present Rayleigh and Love wave phase speed maps at periods of 8, 12, 16,and 20 s. The maps show clear correlations with major geological structures and qualitative agreement with previous results based on Rayleigh wave group speeds.
Pierre Jehel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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initial versus tangent stiffness based Rayleigh damping in inelastic time history seismic analyses
Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 2014Co-Authors: Pierre Jehel, Pierre Leger, Adnan IbrahimbegovicAbstract:SUMMARY In the inelastic time history analyses of structures in seismic motion, part of the seismic energy that is imparted to the structure is absorbed by the inelastic structural model, and Rayleigh damping is commonly used in practice as an additional energy dissipation source. It has been acknowledged that Rayleigh damping models lack physical consistency and that, in turn, it must be carefully used to avoid encountering unintended consequences as the appearance of artificial damping. There are concerns raised by the mass proportional part of Rayleigh damping, but they are not considered in this paper. As far as the stiffness proportional part of Rayleigh damping is concerned, either the initial structural stiffness or the updated tangent stiffness can be used. The objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive comparison of these two types of Rayleigh damping models so that a practitioner (i) can objectively choose the type of Rayleigh damping model that best fits her/his needs and (ii) is provided with useful analytical tools to design Rayleigh damping model with good control on the damping ratios throughout inelastic analysis. To that end, a review of the literature dedicated to Rayleigh damping within these last two decades is first presented; then, practical tools to control the modal damping ratios throughout the time history analysis are developed; a simple example is finally used to illustrate the differences resulting from the use of either initial or tangent stiffness-based Rayleigh damping model. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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initial versus tangent stiffness based Rayleigh damping in inelastic time history seismic analyses
arXiv: Classical Physics, 2013Co-Authors: Pierre Jehel, Pierre Leger, Adnan IbrahimbegovicAbstract:In the inelastic time history analyses of structures in seismic motion, part of the seismic energy that is imparted to the structure is absorbed by the inelastic structural model, and Rayleigh damping is commonly used in practice as an additional energy dissipation source. It has been acknowledged that Rayleigh damping models lack physical consistency and that, in turn, it must be carefully used to avoid encountering unintended consequences as the appearance of artificial damping. There are concerns raised by the mass proportional part of Rayleigh damping, but they are not considered in this paper. As far as the stiffness proportional part of Rayleigh damping is concerned, either the initial structural stiffness or the updated tangent stiffness can be used. The objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive comparison of these two types of Rayleigh damping models so that a practitioner (i) can objectively choose the type of Rayleigh damping model that best fits her/his needs and (ii) is provided with useful analytical tools to design Rayleigh damping model with good control on the damping ratios throughout inelastic analysis. To that end, a review of the literature dedicated to Rayleigh damping within these last two decades is first presented; then, practical tools to control the modal damping ratios throughout the time history analysis are developed; a simple example is finally used to illustrate the differences resulting from the use of either initial or tangent stiffness-based Rayleigh damping model.
Hakan F Oztop - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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natural convection in a flexible sided triangular cavity with internal heat generation under the effect of inclined magnetic field
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2016Co-Authors: Fatih Selimefendigil, Hakan F OztopAbstract:Abstract In this numerical study, magnetohydrodynamics natural convection in a flexible sided triangular cavity with internal heat generation is investigated. The inclined wall of the cavity is cooled and flexible while the left vertical wall is partially heated. Galerkin weighted residual finite element method is used to solve the governing equations. The effects of pertinent parameters such as external Rayleigh number (between 104 and 106), internal Rayleigh number (between 104 and 107), elastic modulus of flexible wall (between 500 and 105), Hartmann number (between 0 and 40) and inclination angle of the magnetic field (between 0° and 90°) on the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics were numerically investigated. It was observed local and averaged Nusselt number enhance with external Rayleigh number but in the vicinity of the upper location of the heater local heat transfer deteriorates due to the inclined wall deformation with increasing external Rayleigh number. Heat transfer reduces with internal Rayleigh number and Hartmann number. Averaged heat transfer decreases 13.25% when internal Rayleigh number is increased from 104 to 107 and decreases 40.56% when Hartmann number is increased from 0 to 10. The reduction in the convection with magnetic field is effective for higher values of external Rayleigh numbers and averaged heat transfer increases with magnetic field inclination angle.
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computational analysis of non isothermal temperature distribution on natural convection in nanofluid filled enclosures
Superlattices and Microstructures, 2011Co-Authors: Hakan F Oztop, Eiyad Abunada, Yasin Varol, Khaled AlsalemAbstract:Abstract In this study, the problem of steady state natural convection in an enclosure filled with a nanofluid has been analyzed numerically by using heating and cooling by sinusoidal temperature profiles on one side. The governing partial differential equations, in terms of the dimensionless stream function–vorticity and temperature, are solved numerically using the finite volume method for various inclination angles 0 ∘ ≤ ϕ ≤ 9 0 ∘ , different types of nanoparticles (TiO2 and Al2O3) and fractions of nanoparticles 0 ≤ φ ≤ 0.1 , whereas the range of the Rayleigh number Ra is 103–105. It is found that the addition of nanoparticles into water affects the fluid flow and temperature distribution especially for higher Rayleigh numbers. An enhancement in heat transfer rate was registered for the whole range of Rayleigh numbers. However, low Rayleigh numbers show more enhancement compared to high Rayleigh numbers.
