The Experts below are selected from a list of 13593 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Hame Park - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
shared neural underpinnings of multisensory integration and trial by trial perceptual Recalibration in humans
eLife, 2019Co-Authors: Hame Park, Christoph KayserAbstract:Perception adapts to mismatching multisensory information, both when different cues appear simultaneously and when they appear sequentially. While both multisensory integration and adaptive trial-by-trial Recalibration are central for behavior, it remains unknown whether they are mechanistically linked and arise from a common neural substrate. To relate the neural underpinnings of sensory integration and Recalibration, we measured whole-brain magnetoencephalography while human participants performed an audio-visual ventriloquist task. Using single-trial multivariate analysis, we localized the perceptually-relevant encoding of multisensory information within and between trials. While we found neural signatures of multisensory integration within temporal and parietal regions, only medial superior parietal activity encoded past and current sensory information and mediated the perceptual Recalibration within and between trials. These results highlight a common neural substrate of sensory integration and perceptual Recalibration, and reveal a role of medial parietal regions in linking present and previous multisensory evidence to guide adaptive behavior.
-
shared neural underpinnings of multisensory integration and trial by trial perceptual Recalibration
bioRxiv, 2019Co-Authors: Hame Park, Christoph KayserAbstract:Abstract Multisensory stimuli create behavioral flexibility, e.g. by allowing us to derive a weighted combination of the information received by different senses. They also allow perception to adapt to discrepancies in the sensory world, e.g. by biasing the judgement of unisensory cues based on preceding multisensory evidence. While both facets of multisensory perception are central for behavior, it remains unknown whether they arise from a common neural substrate. In fact, very little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying multisensory perceptual Recalibration. To reveal these, we measured whole-brain activity using MEG while human participants performed an audio-visual ventriloquist paradigm designed to reveal multisensory integration within a trial, and the (trial-by-trial) Recalibration of subsequent unisensory judgements. Using single trial classification and behavioral modelling, we localized the encoding of sensory information within and between trials, and determined the behavioral relevance of candidate neural representations. While we found neural signatures of perceptual integration within temporal and parietal regions, of these, only medial superior parietal activity retained multisensory information between trials and combined this with current evidence to mediate perceptual Recalibration. These results suggest a common neural substrate of sensory integration and trial-by-trial perceptual Recalibration, and expose the medial superior parietal cortex as a flexible hub that links present and previous evidence within and between senses to guide behavior.
Christoph Kayser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
shared neural underpinnings of multisensory integration and trial by trial perceptual Recalibration in humans
eLife, 2019Co-Authors: Hame Park, Christoph KayserAbstract:Perception adapts to mismatching multisensory information, both when different cues appear simultaneously and when they appear sequentially. While both multisensory integration and adaptive trial-by-trial Recalibration are central for behavior, it remains unknown whether they are mechanistically linked and arise from a common neural substrate. To relate the neural underpinnings of sensory integration and Recalibration, we measured whole-brain magnetoencephalography while human participants performed an audio-visual ventriloquist task. Using single-trial multivariate analysis, we localized the perceptually-relevant encoding of multisensory information within and between trials. While we found neural signatures of multisensory integration within temporal and parietal regions, only medial superior parietal activity encoded past and current sensory information and mediated the perceptual Recalibration within and between trials. These results highlight a common neural substrate of sensory integration and perceptual Recalibration, and reveal a role of medial parietal regions in linking present and previous multisensory evidence to guide adaptive behavior.
-
shared neural underpinnings of multisensory integration and trial by trial perceptual Recalibration
bioRxiv, 2019Co-Authors: Hame Park, Christoph KayserAbstract:Abstract Multisensory stimuli create behavioral flexibility, e.g. by allowing us to derive a weighted combination of the information received by different senses. They also allow perception to adapt to discrepancies in the sensory world, e.g. by biasing the judgement of unisensory cues based on preceding multisensory evidence. While both facets of multisensory perception are central for behavior, it remains unknown whether they arise from a common neural substrate. In fact, very little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying multisensory perceptual Recalibration. To reveal these, we measured whole-brain activity using MEG while human participants performed an audio-visual ventriloquist paradigm designed to reveal multisensory integration within a trial, and the (trial-by-trial) Recalibration of subsequent unisensory judgements. Using single trial classification and behavioral modelling, we localized the encoding of sensory information within and between trials, and determined the behavioral relevance of candidate neural representations. While we found neural signatures of perceptual integration within temporal and parietal regions, of these, only medial superior parietal activity retained multisensory information between trials and combined this with current evidence to mediate perceptual Recalibration. These results suggest a common neural substrate of sensory integration and trial-by-trial perceptual Recalibration, and expose the medial superior parietal cortex as a flexible hub that links present and previous evidence within and between senses to guide behavior.
Erin K Cressman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
proprioceptive Recalibration following implicit visuomotor adaptation is preserved in parkinson s disease
Experimental Brain Research, 2021Co-Authors: Erin K Cressman, Danielle Salomonczyk, Alina Constantin, Janis Miyasaki, Elena Moro, Robert Chen, Antonio P Strafella, Susan H Fox, Anthony E Lang, Howard PoiznerAbstract:Individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and healthy adults demonstrate similar levels of visuomotor adaptation provided that the distortion is small or introduced gradually, and hence, implicit processes are engaged. Recently, implicit processes underlying visuomotor adaptation in healthy individuals have been proposed to include proprioceptive Recalibration (i.e., shifts in one’s proprioceptive sense of felt hand position to match the visual estimate of their hand experienced during reaches with altered visual feedback of the hand). In the current study, we asked if proprioceptive Recalibration is preserved in PD patients. PD patients tested during their “off” and “on” medication states and age-matched healthy controls reached to visual targets, while visual feedback of their unseen hand was gradually rotated 30° clockwise or translated 4 cm rightwards of their actual hand trajectory. As expected, PD patients and controls produced significant reach aftereffects, indicating visuomotor adaptation after reaching with the gradually introduced visuomotor distortions. More importantly, following visuomotor adaptation, both patients and controls showed Recalibration in hand position estimates, and the magnitude of this Recalibration was comparable between PD patients and controls. No differences for any measures assessed were observed across medication status (i.e., PD off vs PD on). Results reveal that patients are able to adjust their sensorimotor mappings and recalibrate proprioception following adaptation to a gradually introduced visuomotor distortion, and that dopaminergic intervention does not affect this proprioceptive Recalibration. These results suggest that proprioceptive Recalibration does not involve striatal dopaminergic pathways and may contribute to the preserved visuomotor adaptation that arises implicitly in PD patients.
-
visuomotor adaptation and proprioceptive Recalibration
Journal of Motor Behavior, 2012Co-Authors: Denise Y P Henriques, Erin K CressmanAbstract:Motor learning, in particular motor adaptation, is driven by information from multiple senses. For example, when arm control is faulty, vision, touch, and proprioception can all report on the arm's movements and help guide the adjustments necessary for correcting motor error. In recent years we have learned a lot about how the brain integrates information from multiple senses for the purpose of perception. However, less is known about how multi- sensory data guide motor learning. Most models of, and studies on, motor learning focus almost exclusively on the ensuing changes in motor performance without exploring the implications on sen- sory plasticity. Nor do they consider how discrepancies in sensory information (e.g., vision and proprioception) related to hand po- sition may affect motor learning. Here, we discuss research from our lab and others that shows how motor learning paradigms af- fect proprioceptive estimates of hand position, and how even the mere discrepancy between visual and proprioceptive feedback can affect learning and plasticity. Our results suggest that sensorimotor learning mechanisms do not exclusively rely on motor plasticity and motor memory, and that sensory plasticity, in particular propri- oceptive Recalibration, plays a unique and important role in motor learning.
-
visuomotor adaptation and proprioceptive Recalibration in older adults
Experimental Brain Research, 2010Co-Authors: Erin K Cressman, Danielle Salomonczyk, Denise Y P HenriquesAbstract:Previous studies have shown that both young and older subjects adapt their reaches in response to a visuomotor distortion. It has been suggested that one’s continued ability to adapt to a visuomotor distortion with advancing age is due to the preservation of implicit learning mechanisms, where implicit learning mechanisms include processes that realign sensory inputs (i.e. shift one’s felt hand position to match the visual representation). The present study examined this proposal by determining if changes in sense of felt hand position (i.e. proprioceptive Recalibration) follow visuomotor adaptation in older subjects. As well, we examined the influence of age on proprioceptive Recalibration by comparing young and older subjects’ estimates of the position at which they felt their hand was aligned with a visual reference marker before and after aiming with a misaligned cursor that was gradually rotated 30° clockwise of the actual hand location. On estimation trials, subjects moved their hand along a robot-generated constrained pathway. At the end of the movement, a reference marker appeared and subjects indicated if their hand was left or right of the marker. Results indicated that all subjects adapted their reaches at a similar rate and to the same extent across the reaching trials. More importantly, we found that both young and older subjects recalibrated proprioception, such that they felt their hand was aligned with a reference marker when it was approximately 6° more left (or counterclockwise) of the marker following reaches with a rotated cursor. The leftward shift in both young and older subjects’ estimates was in the same direction and a third of the extent of adapted movement. Given that the changes in the estimate of felt hand position were only a fraction of the changes observed in the reaching movements, it is unlikely that sensory Recalibration was the only source driving changes in reaches. Thus, we propose that proprioceptive Recalibration combines with adapted sensorimotor mappings to produce changes in reaching movements. From the results of the present study, it is clear that changes in both sensory and motor systems are possible in older adults and could contribute to the preserved visuomotor adaptation.
-
sensory Recalibration of hand position following visuomotor adaptation
Journal of Neurophysiology, 2009Co-Authors: Erin K Cressman, Denise Y P HenriquesAbstract:Goal-directed reaches are rapidly adapted following exposure to misaligned visual feedback of the hand. It has been suggested that these changes in reaches result in sensory Recalibration (i.e., re...
Denise Y P Henriques - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
visuomotor adaptation and proprioceptive Recalibration
Journal of Motor Behavior, 2012Co-Authors: Denise Y P Henriques, Erin K CressmanAbstract:Motor learning, in particular motor adaptation, is driven by information from multiple senses. For example, when arm control is faulty, vision, touch, and proprioception can all report on the arm's movements and help guide the adjustments necessary for correcting motor error. In recent years we have learned a lot about how the brain integrates information from multiple senses for the purpose of perception. However, less is known about how multi- sensory data guide motor learning. Most models of, and studies on, motor learning focus almost exclusively on the ensuing changes in motor performance without exploring the implications on sen- sory plasticity. Nor do they consider how discrepancies in sensory information (e.g., vision and proprioception) related to hand po- sition may affect motor learning. Here, we discuss research from our lab and others that shows how motor learning paradigms af- fect proprioceptive estimates of hand position, and how even the mere discrepancy between visual and proprioceptive feedback can affect learning and plasticity. Our results suggest that sensorimotor learning mechanisms do not exclusively rely on motor plasticity and motor memory, and that sensory plasticity, in particular propri- oceptive Recalibration, plays a unique and important role in motor learning.
-
visuomotor adaptation and proprioceptive Recalibration in older adults
Experimental Brain Research, 2010Co-Authors: Erin K Cressman, Danielle Salomonczyk, Denise Y P HenriquesAbstract:Previous studies have shown that both young and older subjects adapt their reaches in response to a visuomotor distortion. It has been suggested that one’s continued ability to adapt to a visuomotor distortion with advancing age is due to the preservation of implicit learning mechanisms, where implicit learning mechanisms include processes that realign sensory inputs (i.e. shift one’s felt hand position to match the visual representation). The present study examined this proposal by determining if changes in sense of felt hand position (i.e. proprioceptive Recalibration) follow visuomotor adaptation in older subjects. As well, we examined the influence of age on proprioceptive Recalibration by comparing young and older subjects’ estimates of the position at which they felt their hand was aligned with a visual reference marker before and after aiming with a misaligned cursor that was gradually rotated 30° clockwise of the actual hand location. On estimation trials, subjects moved their hand along a robot-generated constrained pathway. At the end of the movement, a reference marker appeared and subjects indicated if their hand was left or right of the marker. Results indicated that all subjects adapted their reaches at a similar rate and to the same extent across the reaching trials. More importantly, we found that both young and older subjects recalibrated proprioception, such that they felt their hand was aligned with a reference marker when it was approximately 6° more left (or counterclockwise) of the marker following reaches with a rotated cursor. The leftward shift in both young and older subjects’ estimates was in the same direction and a third of the extent of adapted movement. Given that the changes in the estimate of felt hand position were only a fraction of the changes observed in the reaching movements, it is unlikely that sensory Recalibration was the only source driving changes in reaches. Thus, we propose that proprioceptive Recalibration combines with adapted sensorimotor mappings to produce changes in reaching movements. From the results of the present study, it is clear that changes in both sensory and motor systems are possible in older adults and could contribute to the preserved visuomotor adaptation.
-
sensory Recalibration of hand position following visuomotor adaptation
Journal of Neurophysiology, 2009Co-Authors: Erin K Cressman, Denise Y P HenriquesAbstract:Goal-directed reaches are rapidly adapted following exposure to misaligned visual feedback of the hand. It has been suggested that these changes in reaches result in sensory Recalibration (i.e., re...
Pablo A Iturralde - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
cerebral contribution to the execution but not Recalibration of motor commands in a novel walking environment
eNeuro, 2020Co-Authors: Pablo A Iturralde, Gelsy TorresoviedoAbstract:Abstract Human movements are flexible as they continuously adapt to changes in the environment. The Recalibration of corrective responses to sustained perturbations (e.g., constant force) altering one’s movement contributes to this flexibility. We asked whether the Recalibration of corrective actions involve cerebral structures using stroke as a disease model. We characterized changes in muscle activity in stroke survivors and control subjects before, during, and after walking on a split-belt treadmill moving the legs at different speeds. The Recalibration of corrective muscle activity was comparable between stroke survivors and control subjects, which was unexpected given the known deficits in feedback responses poststroke. Also, the intact Recalibration in stroke survivors contrasted their limited ability to adjust their muscle activity during steady-state split-belt walking. Our results suggest that the Recalibration and execution of motor commands are partially dissociable: cerebral lesions interfere with the execution, but not the Recalibration, of motor commands on novel movement demands.
-
cerebral contribution to the execution but not Recalibration of motor commands in a novel walking environment
bioRxiv, 2019Co-Authors: Pablo A Iturralde, Gelsy TorresoviedoAbstract:Abstract Human movements are flexible as they continuously adapt to changes in the environment by updating planned actions and generating corrective movements. Planned actions are updated upon repeated exposure to predictable changes in the environment, whereas corrective responses serve to overcome unexpected environmental transitions. It has been shown that corrective muscle responses are tuned through sensorimotor adaptation induced by persistent exposure to a novel situation. Here, we asked whether cerebral structures contribute to this Recalibration using stroke as a disease model. To this end, we characterized changes in muscle activity in stroke survivors and unimpaired individuals before, during, and after walking on a split-belt treadmill moving the legs at different speeds, which has been shown to induce Recalibration of corrective responses in walking in healthy individuals. We found that the Recalibration of corrective muscle activity was comparable between stroke survivors and controls, which was surprising given then known deficits in feedback responses post-stroke. Also, the intact Recalibration in the group of stroke survivors contrasted the patients’ limited ability to adjust their muscle activity during steady state split-belt walking compared to controls. Our results suggest that the Recalibration and execution of motor commands in new environments are partially dissociable: cerebral lesions interfere with the execution, but not the Recalibration, of motor commands upon novel movement demands.
