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Robert D Christensen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • stability of filgrastim and epoetin alfa in a system designed for enteral administration in neonates
    Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 2000
    Co-Authors: Darlene A. Calhoun, Eric V Mcbryde, Mark Veerman, Sandra E Juul, Robert D Christensen
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE:To determine the stability of Recombinant granulocyte colony—stimulating factor (rG-CSF, filgrastim) and Recombinant Erythropoietin (rEpo, epoetin alfa) in a solution designed for enteral administration in the neonatal intensive care unit.DESIGN:Filgrastim and epoetin alfa were added to a solution with NaCl 0.9%, sodium acetate, potassium chloride, and human albumin in concentrations designed to mimic human amniotic fluid. Additionally, the solution was dripped through polyvinyl chloride feeding tubes to simulate feedings, and aliquots were collected before, during, and after priming of the tube. Other aliquots were either frozen immediately, stored at room temperature, or refrigerated for 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Filgrastim and epoetin alfa concentrations in the various aliquots were compared with the concentrations in the original solution.RESULTS:Filgrastim and epoetin alfa concentrations were stable for at least 24 hours when refrigerated and for at least three weeks ...

  • pharmacokinetics and effectiveness of Recombinant Erythropoietin administered to preterm infants by continuous infusion in total parenteral nutrition solution
    The Journal of Pediatrics, 1996
    Co-Authors: Robin K. Ohls, Mark W Veerman, Robert D Christensen
    Abstract:

    Abstract OBJECTIVES: To compare the pharmacokinetics and effectiveness of continuously administered Recombinant Erythropoietin (Epo) in total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solution with daily subcutaneously administered Epo. METHODS: Forty preterm infants in the first 72 hours of life were randomly assigned to receive Epo (200 units/kg per day for 10 consecutive days), either subcutaneously (20 infants, 1051 ± 40 gm, 28.3 ± 0.4 weeks of gestation; mean ± SEM), or added daily to their TPN fluids (20 infants, 1028 ± 36 gm, 27.9 ± 0.4 weeks of gestation). Both groups received iron supplementation (1 mg/kg per day iron dextran in the TPN solution). Absolute reticulocyte counts and complete blood cell counts with differentials were measured, and transfusions and phlebotomy losses were recorded. Pharmacokinetics were determined in the first 16 infants. RESULTS: In the infants who received Epo subcutaneously, the elimination half-life was 17.6 ± 4.4 hours on day 3 and 11.2 ± 1.5 hours on day 10; the volume of distribution was 802 ± 190 ml/kg on day 3 and 1330 ± 243 m/kg on day 10. Serum Epo concentrations were higher on day 3 than on day 10 for both groups (subcutaneous: 400 ± 64 mU/ml vs 177 ± 29 mU/m, p p CONCLUSIONS: Adding Epo to the TPN solution in this population results in similar Epo concentrations, clearance, and effectiveness as subcutaneous dosing. (J PEDIATR 1996;128:518-23)

  • Recombinant Erythropoietin as treatment for the late hyporegenerative anemia of Rh hemolytic disease
    Pediatrics, 1992
    Co-Authors: Robin K. Ohls, Wirkus Pe, Robert D Christensen
    Abstract:

    Infants with Rh hemolytic disease can develop a "late" anemia characterized by low serum concentrations of Erythropoietin but erythroid progenitors that remain highly Erythropoietin-responsive. Erythropoietin administration was evaluated in two patients as an alternative to transfusion. Reticulocyte counts increased after 5 days of treatment, and hematocrits increased after 10 days. Neither patient received erythrocyte transfusions following Erythropoietin therapy.

  • Recombinant Erythropoietin compared with erythrocyte transfusion in the treatment of anemia of prematurity
    The Journal of Pediatrics, 1991
    Co-Authors: Robin K. Ohls, Robert D Christensen
    Abstract:

    To assess the risks and benefits of Erythropoietin versus erythrocyte transfusion in the treatment of the anemia of prematurity, we randomly assigned 19 anemic preterm infants (birth weight 988±227 gm; gestational age 27.6±1.2 weeks; age 41±15 days; all values mean ±SD) to receive either transfusion or subcutaneously administered erythropoletin (200 units/kg every other day for 10 doses). In the 10 Erythropoietin recipients, corrected reticulocyte counts increased from 2%±1% to 7%±2% ( p p p p p p p 3 cells/μl) than in the infants who underwant transfusion (3.9±1.9×10 3 cells/μl; p

Naoko Tajima - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • normocytic normochromic anemia due to autonomic neuropathy in type 2 diabetic patients without severe nephropathy a possible role of microangiopathy
    Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 2005
    Co-Authors: Takatoshi Saito, Aya Morimoto, Katsuyoshi Tojo, Naoko Tajima
    Abstract:

    Abstract We describe here four male patients with long-term and poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus. They shared many common characteristic complications, such as severe autonomic neuropathy, proliferative retinopathy and normocytic normochromic anemia without progressive renal failure and macroangiopathy. They also showed normal levels of Erythropoietin and reticulocyte, which was considered relatively low. The coefficient of variation of R–R, a useful method to estimate autonomic failure, showed markedly advanced autonomic neuropathy in all four patients. Coronary angiography did not reveal stenosis, anomaly or collateral vessels, but left ventriclography showed diffuse or partial hypokinesis. Massive proteinuria, high urinary levels of N -acetyl-β- d -glucosamidase (NAG) and β 2 -microglobulin (β 2 M) were detected, though creatinine clearance (Ccr) was not so deteriorated. Treatment with Recombinant Erythropoietin increased their hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. These common points have a possibility to be brought about by tubulointerstitial damage and microangiopathy may be involved in it.

  • normocytic normochromic anemia due to autonomic neuropathy in type 2 diabetic patients without severe nephropathy a possible role of microangiopathy
    Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 2005
    Co-Authors: Takatoshi Saito, Aya Morimoto, Katsuyoshi Tojo, Naoko Tajima
    Abstract:

    We describe here four male patients with long-term and poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus. They shared many common characteristic complications, such as severe autonomic neuropathy, proliferative retinopathy and normocytic normochromic anemia without progressive renal failure and macroangiopathy. They also showed normal levels of Erythropoietin and reticulocyte, which was considered relatively low. The coefficient of variation of R-R, a useful method to estimate autonomic failure, showed markedly advanced autonomic neuropathy in all four patients. Coronary angiography did not reveal stenosis, anomaly or collateral vessels, but left ventriclography showed diffuse or partial hypokinesis. Massive proteinuria, high urinary levels of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamidase (NAG) and beta2-microglobulin (beta2M) were detected, though creatinine clearance (Ccr) was not so deteriorated. Treatment with Recombinant Erythropoietin increased their hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. These common points have a possibility to be brought about by tubulointerstitial damage and microangiopathy may be involved in it.

Zvonimir S Katusic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • role of endothelial no synthase phosphorylation in cerebrovascular protective effect of Recombinant Erythropoietin during subarachnoid hemorrhage induced cerebral vasospasm
    Stroke, 2005
    Co-Authors: Anantha Vijay R Santhanam, Leslie A Smith, Masahiko Akiyama, Gabriela A Rosales, Kent R Bailey, Zvonimir S Katusic
    Abstract:

    Background and Purpose— In the present study, the effect of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) on the phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and the ability of Recombinant Erythropoietin (Epo) to augment this vasodilator mechanism in the spastic arteries were studied. Methods— Recombinant adenoviral vectors (109 plaque-forming units per animal) encoding genes for human Epo (AdEpo), and β-galactosidase were injected immediately after injection of autologous arterial blood into the cisterna magna (day 0) of rabbits. Cerebral angiography was performed on day 0 and day 2, and basilar arteries were harvested for Western blots, measurement of cGMP levels, and analysis of vasomotor functions. Results— Injection of autologous arterial blood into cisterna magna resulted in significant vasospasm of the basilar arteries. Despite the narrowing of arterial diameter and reduced expression of eNOS, expressions of phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt) and phosphorylated eNOS were significantly increased in spastic ...

  • role of endothelial no synthase phosphorylation in cerebrovascular protective effect of Recombinant Erythropoietin during subarachnoid hemorrhage induced cerebral vasospasm
    Stroke, 2005
    Co-Authors: Anantha Vijay R Santhanam, Leslie A Smith, Masahiko Akiyama, Gabriela A Rosales, Kent R Bailey, Zvonimir S Katusic
    Abstract:

    Background and Purpose— In the present study, the effect of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) on the phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and the ability of Recombinant Erythropoietin (Epo) to augment this vasodilator mechanism in the spastic arteries were studied. Methods— Recombinant adenoviral vectors (109 plaque-forming units per animal) encoding genes for human Epo (AdEpo), and β-galactosidase were injected immediately after injection of autologous arterial blood into the cisterna magna (day 0) of rabbits. Cerebral angiography was performed on day 0 and day 2, and basilar arteries were harvested for Western blots, measurement of cGMP levels, and analysis of vasomotor functions. Results— Injection of autologous arterial blood into cisterna magna resulted in significant vasospasm of the basilar arteries. Despite the narrowing of arterial diameter and reduced expression of eNOS, expressions of phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt) and phosphorylated eNOS were significantly increased in spastic ...

Robin K. Ohls - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pharmacokinetics and effectiveness of Recombinant Erythropoietin administered to preterm infants by continuous infusion in total parenteral nutrition solution
    The Journal of Pediatrics, 1996
    Co-Authors: Robin K. Ohls, Mark W Veerman, Robert D Christensen
    Abstract:

    Abstract OBJECTIVES: To compare the pharmacokinetics and effectiveness of continuously administered Recombinant Erythropoietin (Epo) in total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solution with daily subcutaneously administered Epo. METHODS: Forty preterm infants in the first 72 hours of life were randomly assigned to receive Epo (200 units/kg per day for 10 consecutive days), either subcutaneously (20 infants, 1051 ± 40 gm, 28.3 ± 0.4 weeks of gestation; mean ± SEM), or added daily to their TPN fluids (20 infants, 1028 ± 36 gm, 27.9 ± 0.4 weeks of gestation). Both groups received iron supplementation (1 mg/kg per day iron dextran in the TPN solution). Absolute reticulocyte counts and complete blood cell counts with differentials were measured, and transfusions and phlebotomy losses were recorded. Pharmacokinetics were determined in the first 16 infants. RESULTS: In the infants who received Epo subcutaneously, the elimination half-life was 17.6 ± 4.4 hours on day 3 and 11.2 ± 1.5 hours on day 10; the volume of distribution was 802 ± 190 ml/kg on day 3 and 1330 ± 243 m/kg on day 10. Serum Epo concentrations were higher on day 3 than on day 10 for both groups (subcutaneous: 400 ± 64 mU/ml vs 177 ± 29 mU/m, p p CONCLUSIONS: Adding Epo to the TPN solution in this population results in similar Epo concentrations, clearance, and effectiveness as subcutaneous dosing. (J PEDIATR 1996;128:518-23)

  • Recombinant Erythropoietin as treatment for the late hyporegenerative anemia of Rh hemolytic disease
    Pediatrics, 1992
    Co-Authors: Robin K. Ohls, Wirkus Pe, Robert D Christensen
    Abstract:

    Infants with Rh hemolytic disease can develop a "late" anemia characterized by low serum concentrations of Erythropoietin but erythroid progenitors that remain highly Erythropoietin-responsive. Erythropoietin administration was evaluated in two patients as an alternative to transfusion. Reticulocyte counts increased after 5 days of treatment, and hematocrits increased after 10 days. Neither patient received erythrocyte transfusions following Erythropoietin therapy.

  • Recombinant Erythropoietin compared with erythrocyte transfusion in the treatment of anemia of prematurity
    The Journal of Pediatrics, 1991
    Co-Authors: Robin K. Ohls, Robert D Christensen
    Abstract:

    To assess the risks and benefits of Erythropoietin versus erythrocyte transfusion in the treatment of the anemia of prematurity, we randomly assigned 19 anemic preterm infants (birth weight 988±227 gm; gestational age 27.6±1.2 weeks; age 41±15 days; all values mean ±SD) to receive either transfusion or subcutaneously administered erythropoletin (200 units/kg every other day for 10 doses). In the 10 Erythropoietin recipients, corrected reticulocyte counts increased from 2%±1% to 7%±2% ( p p p p p p p 3 cells/μl) than in the infants who underwant transfusion (3.9±1.9×10 3 cells/μl; p

Takatoshi Saito - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • normocytic normochromic anemia due to autonomic neuropathy in type 2 diabetic patients without severe nephropathy a possible role of microangiopathy
    Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 2005
    Co-Authors: Takatoshi Saito, Aya Morimoto, Katsuyoshi Tojo, Naoko Tajima
    Abstract:

    Abstract We describe here four male patients with long-term and poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus. They shared many common characteristic complications, such as severe autonomic neuropathy, proliferative retinopathy and normocytic normochromic anemia without progressive renal failure and macroangiopathy. They also showed normal levels of Erythropoietin and reticulocyte, which was considered relatively low. The coefficient of variation of R–R, a useful method to estimate autonomic failure, showed markedly advanced autonomic neuropathy in all four patients. Coronary angiography did not reveal stenosis, anomaly or collateral vessels, but left ventriclography showed diffuse or partial hypokinesis. Massive proteinuria, high urinary levels of N -acetyl-β- d -glucosamidase (NAG) and β 2 -microglobulin (β 2 M) were detected, though creatinine clearance (Ccr) was not so deteriorated. Treatment with Recombinant Erythropoietin increased their hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. These common points have a possibility to be brought about by tubulointerstitial damage and microangiopathy may be involved in it.

  • normocytic normochromic anemia due to autonomic neuropathy in type 2 diabetic patients without severe nephropathy a possible role of microangiopathy
    Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 2005
    Co-Authors: Takatoshi Saito, Aya Morimoto, Katsuyoshi Tojo, Naoko Tajima
    Abstract:

    We describe here four male patients with long-term and poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus. They shared many common characteristic complications, such as severe autonomic neuropathy, proliferative retinopathy and normocytic normochromic anemia without progressive renal failure and macroangiopathy. They also showed normal levels of Erythropoietin and reticulocyte, which was considered relatively low. The coefficient of variation of R-R, a useful method to estimate autonomic failure, showed markedly advanced autonomic neuropathy in all four patients. Coronary angiography did not reveal stenosis, anomaly or collateral vessels, but left ventriclography showed diffuse or partial hypokinesis. Massive proteinuria, high urinary levels of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamidase (NAG) and beta2-microglobulin (beta2M) were detected, though creatinine clearance (Ccr) was not so deteriorated. Treatment with Recombinant Erythropoietin increased their hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. These common points have a possibility to be brought about by tubulointerstitial damage and microangiopathy may be involved in it.