The Experts below are selected from a list of 13659 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Marc Mangel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Parent-offspring conflict over reproductive timing: ecological Dynamics far away and at other times may explain spawning variability in Pacific herring
ICES Journal of Marine Science, 2018Co-Authors: Gabriella Ljungström, Marc Mangel, Tessa B Francis, Christian JørgensenAbstract:Abstract Timing of reproduction may be of crucial importance for fitness, particularly in environments that vary seasonally in food availability or predation risk. However, for animals with spatially separated feeding and breeding habitats, optimal reproductive timing may differ between parents and their offspring, leading to parent-offspring conflict. We assume that offspring have highest survival and fitness if they are spawned around a fixed date, and use state-dependent life-history theory to explore whether variation in conditions affecting only parents (food availability and survival) may influence optimal timing of reproduction. We apply the model to Pacific herring (Clupea palasii) in Puget Sound, USA, where 20 subPopulations spawn at different times of the year. Our model suggests that relatively small differences in adult food availability can lead to altered prioritization in the trade-off between maternal fecundity and what from the offspring’s perspective is the best time to be spawned. Our model also shows that observed among-Population variability in reproductive timing may result from adults using different feeding grounds with divergent food Dynamics, or from individual variation in condition caused by stochasticity at a single feeding ground. Identifying drivers of reproductive timing may improve predictions of Recruitment, Population Dynamics, and responses to environmental change.
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Spatial and temporal scale of density-dependent body growth and its implications for Recruitment, Population Dynamics and management of stream-dwelling salmonid Populations
Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 2012Co-Authors: Simone Vincenzi, William Hallowell Satterthwaite, Marc MangelAbstract:Density-dependent variations in body growth and size have important consequences for the Population Dynamics of stream-dwelling salmonid Populations, since body size is related to a variety of ecologically relevant characteristics. These include survival and fecundity, competitive and predatory abilities, and foraging behavior. However, little work has been done to understand how density-dependent body growth varies across temporal and spatial scales and when this compensatory process is relevant for Recruitment and Population Dynamics of stream-dwelling salmonids. Increased intra- or inter-cohort competition reduces growth rates of juveniles. Both within- and among-cohort differences at the juvenile stage are likely to be maintained through the lifetime. Limited movement or dispersal can lead to subdivision of a Population into several local Populations with independent Dynamics. The spatial and temporal variation in movement and the patchy distribution of resources make fish likely to experience density-dependence across location, life-stage, and season. The relaxation of density-dependent suppression of body growth at low densities constitutes a potential mechanism for salmonids to persist in the face of environmental perturbation and may contribute to explaining the peculiar resilience to Population collapses often showed by salmonids. The inclusion of density-dependent growth in Population models may increase the usefulness of model predictions in management contexts. Models not accounting for density-dependent growth may underestimate the recovery potential of resident salmonid Populations when they collapse to low densities.
Simone Vincenzi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Spatial and temporal scale of density-dependent body growth and its implications for Recruitment, Population Dynamics and management of stream-dwelling salmonid Populations
Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 2012Co-Authors: Simone Vincenzi, William Hallowell Satterthwaite, Marc MangelAbstract:Density-dependent variations in body growth and size have important consequences for the Population Dynamics of stream-dwelling salmonid Populations, since body size is related to a variety of ecologically relevant characteristics. These include survival and fecundity, competitive and predatory abilities, and foraging behavior. However, little work has been done to understand how density-dependent body growth varies across temporal and spatial scales and when this compensatory process is relevant for Recruitment and Population Dynamics of stream-dwelling salmonids. Increased intra- or inter-cohort competition reduces growth rates of juveniles. Both within- and among-cohort differences at the juvenile stage are likely to be maintained through the lifetime. Limited movement or dispersal can lead to subdivision of a Population into several local Populations with independent Dynamics. The spatial and temporal variation in movement and the patchy distribution of resources make fish likely to experience density-dependence across location, life-stage, and season. The relaxation of density-dependent suppression of body growth at low densities constitutes a potential mechanism for salmonids to persist in the face of environmental perturbation and may contribute to explaining the peculiar resilience to Population collapses often showed by salmonids. The inclusion of density-dependent growth in Population models may increase the usefulness of model predictions in management contexts. Models not accounting for density-dependent growth may underestimate the recovery potential of resident salmonid Populations when they collapse to low densities.
Christian Jørgensen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Parent-offspring conflict over reproductive timing: ecological Dynamics far away and at other times may explain spawning variability in Pacific herring
ICES Journal of Marine Science, 2018Co-Authors: Gabriella Ljungström, Marc Mangel, Tessa B Francis, Christian JørgensenAbstract:Abstract Timing of reproduction may be of crucial importance for fitness, particularly in environments that vary seasonally in food availability or predation risk. However, for animals with spatially separated feeding and breeding habitats, optimal reproductive timing may differ between parents and their offspring, leading to parent-offspring conflict. We assume that offspring have highest survival and fitness if they are spawned around a fixed date, and use state-dependent life-history theory to explore whether variation in conditions affecting only parents (food availability and survival) may influence optimal timing of reproduction. We apply the model to Pacific herring (Clupea palasii) in Puget Sound, USA, where 20 subPopulations spawn at different times of the year. Our model suggests that relatively small differences in adult food availability can lead to altered prioritization in the trade-off between maternal fecundity and what from the offspring’s perspective is the best time to be spawned. Our model also shows that observed among-Population variability in reproductive timing may result from adults using different feeding grounds with divergent food Dynamics, or from individual variation in condition caused by stochasticity at a single feeding ground. Identifying drivers of reproductive timing may improve predictions of Recruitment, Population Dynamics, and responses to environmental change.
Jørgensen C. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Parent-Offspring Conflict Over Reproductive Timing: Ecological Dynamics Far Away and at Other Times May Explain Spawning Variability in Pacific Herring
UW Tacoma Digital Commons, 2019Co-Authors: Ljungström G., Francis T.b., Mangel M., Jørgensen C.Abstract:Timing of reproduction may be of crucial importance for fitness, particularly in environments that vary seasonally in food availability or predation risk. However, for animals with spatially separated feeding and breeding habitats, optimal reproductive timing may differ between parents and their offspring, leading to parent-offspring conflict. We assume that offspring have highest survival and fitness if they are spawned around a fixed date, and use state-dependent life-history theory to explore whether variation in conditions affecting only parents (food availability and survival) may influence optimal timing of reproduction. We apply the model to Pacific herring (Clupea palasii) in Puget Sound, USA, where 20 subPopulations spawn at different times of the year. Our model suggests that relatively small differences in adult food availability can lead to altered prioritization in the trade-off between maternal fecundity and what from the offspring\u27s perspective is the best time to be spawned. Our model also shows that observed among-Population variability in reproductive timing may result from adults using different feeding grounds with divergent food Dynamics, or from individual variation in condition caused by stochasticity at a single feeding ground. Identifying drivers of reproductive timing may improve predictions of Recruitment, Population Dynamics, and responses to environmental change. © International Council for the Exploration of the Sea 2018
William Hallowell Satterthwaite - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Spatial and temporal scale of density-dependent body growth and its implications for Recruitment, Population Dynamics and management of stream-dwelling salmonid Populations
Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 2012Co-Authors: Simone Vincenzi, William Hallowell Satterthwaite, Marc MangelAbstract:Density-dependent variations in body growth and size have important consequences for the Population Dynamics of stream-dwelling salmonid Populations, since body size is related to a variety of ecologically relevant characteristics. These include survival and fecundity, competitive and predatory abilities, and foraging behavior. However, little work has been done to understand how density-dependent body growth varies across temporal and spatial scales and when this compensatory process is relevant for Recruitment and Population Dynamics of stream-dwelling salmonids. Increased intra- or inter-cohort competition reduces growth rates of juveniles. Both within- and among-cohort differences at the juvenile stage are likely to be maintained through the lifetime. Limited movement or dispersal can lead to subdivision of a Population into several local Populations with independent Dynamics. The spatial and temporal variation in movement and the patchy distribution of resources make fish likely to experience density-dependence across location, life-stage, and season. The relaxation of density-dependent suppression of body growth at low densities constitutes a potential mechanism for salmonids to persist in the face of environmental perturbation and may contribute to explaining the peculiar resilience to Population collapses often showed by salmonids. The inclusion of density-dependent growth in Population models may increase the usefulness of model predictions in management contexts. Models not accounting for density-dependent growth may underestimate the recovery potential of resident salmonid Populations when they collapse to low densities.