The Experts below are selected from a list of 306 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Vladimir Grosbois - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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characterising african tick communities at a wild domestic interface using Repeated Sampling protocols and models
Acta Tropica, 2014Co-Authors: Eve Miguel, Thierry Boulinier, Alexandre Caron, Hervé Fritz, Michel De Garinewichatitsky, Vladimir GrosboisAbstract:The sharing of habitat by wild and domestic animals may result in pathogen transmission, notably via ectoparasite vectors such as ticks. Interfaces between protected and communal lands constitute sharp transitions between areas occupied by host communities that are extremely contrasted in terms of composition, diversity and density. Empirical characterizations of tick communities and of their vertebrate hosts are strongly relevant for understanding the mechanisms leading to disease transmission between wild and domestic animals. In the present study we aimed at depicting the pattern of spatial variation in the density of immature ticks at such an interface located in Zimbabwe. At the end of the 2011 rainy season, we applied a hierarchical Repeated protocol to collect ticks. We used the drag-Sampling method in the vegetation surrounding water pans used by ungulates in 3 distinct landscape compartments (i.e. national park, mixed compartment and communal lands) characterized by a differential use by wild and domestic hosts. We combined generalized linear mixed models with site occupancy models to (1) assess tick aggregation levels at different spatial scales, (2) identify and disentangle factors which influence the density and probability of tick detection, and (3) compare robust estimations of tick densities among the landscape compartments. Ticks belonging to the Amblyomma and Riphicephalus genuses were found to be the most abundant. At small scale, ticks were more often detected in the afternoon and were more abundant close to water pans for Amblyomma and Riphicephalus genuses. Riphicephalus spp. density was also higher in grassland and bushland vegetation types as compared to woodland vegetation type. At large scale, for the three detected genuses, density was much higher near water pans located in the communal lands as compared to the national park and mixed compartment. Given that host community's diversity is much lower in the communal areas than in the two other landscape compartments, these results are compatible with a dilution effect but not sufficient to demonstrate this effect without additional studies. Up to date, it is the first utilization of these rigorous Sampling and statistical modelling methodologies to estimate tick density in African ecosystem simultaneously at large and small scales.
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Characterising African tick communities at a wild–domestic interface using Repeated Sampling protocols and models
Acta tropica, 2014Co-Authors: Eve Miguel, Thierry Boulinier, Michel De Garine-wichatitsky, Alexandre Caron, Hervé Fritz, Vladimir GrosboisAbstract:The sharing of habitat by wild and domestic animals may result in pathogen transmission, notably via ectoparasite vectors such as ticks. Interfaces between protected and communal lands constitute sharp transitions between areas occupied by host communities that are extremely contrasted in terms of composition, diversity and density. Empirical characterizations of tick communities and of their vertebrate hosts are strongly relevant for understanding the mechanisms leading to disease transmission between wild and domestic animals. In the present study we aimed at depicting the pattern of spatial variation in the density of immature ticks at such an interface located in Zimbabwe. At the end of the 2011 rainy season, we applied a hierarchical Repeated protocol to collect ticks. We used the drag-Sampling method in the vegetation surrounding water pans used by ungulates in 3 distinct landscape compartments (i.e. national park, mixed compartment and communal lands) characterized by a differential use by wild and domestic hosts. We combined generalized linear mixed models with site occupancy models to (1) assess tick aggregation levels at different spatial scales, (2) identify and disentangle factors which influence the density and probability of tick detection, and (3) compare robust estimations of tick densities among the landscape compartments. Ticks belonging to the Amblyomma and Riphicephalus genuses were found to be the most abundant. At small scale, ticks were more often detected in the afternoon and were more abundant close to water pans for Amblyomma and Riphicephalus genuses. Riphicephalus spp. density was also higher in grassland and bushland vegetation types as compared to woodland vegetation type. At large scale, for the three detected genuses, density was much higher near water pans located in the communal lands as compared to the national park and mixed compartment. Given that host community's diversity is much lower in the communal areas than in the two other landscape compartments, these results are compatible with a dilution effect but not sufficient to demonstrate this effect without additional studies. Up to date, it is the first utilization of these rigorous Sampling and statistical modelling methodologies to estimate tick density in African ecosystem simultaneously at large and small scales.
Rosalea M. Cameron - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Apraxia of Speech: Perceptual Analysis of Trisyllabic Word Productions Across Repeated Sampling Occasions
American journal of speech-language pathology, 2012Co-Authors: Shannon C. Mauszycki, Julie L. Wambaugh, Rosalea M. CameronAbstract:Purpose Early apraxia of speech (AOS) research has characterized errors as being variable, resulting in a number of different error types being produced on Repeated productions of the same stimuli....
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Apraxia of Speech: Perceptual Analysis of Mono-, Bi-, and Trisyllabic Words Across Repeated Sampling Occasions
2012Co-Authors: Shannon C. Mauszycki, Julie L. Wambaugh, Rosalea M. CameronAbstract:The primary characteristics considered to define acquired apraxia of speech (AOS) have continued to evolve, but a few characteristics remain controversial among researchers and clinicians (McNeil, Robin, & Schmidt, 2009). Particularly, the consistency or variability of speech sound errors in AOS (Croot, 2002). For years, variability of speech sound errors has been considered a primary characteristic of AOS (Deal & Darley, 1972; Johns & Darley, 1970; Wertz, LaPointe, & Rosenbek, 1984). Apraxic errors were considered to be variable with regard to the location of the error within a word (Johns & Darley; LaPointe & Johns, 1975) and the nature of the error (Johns & Darley; LaPointe & Horner, 1976) across Repeated productions of the same stimuli. Conversely, more recent research with “pure” apraxic speakers and speakers with AOS and accompanying aphasia has suggested that speech sound errors may not be variable (Mauszycki, Dromey, & Wambaugh, 2007; Mauszycki, Wambaugh, & Cameron, 2010a, 2010b; Mlcoch, Darley, & Noll, 1982; McNeil, Odell, Miller, & Hunter, 1995; Shuster & Wambaugh, 2003; Wambaugh, Nessler, Bennett & Mauszycki, 2004). However, there are limited data examining sound errors over time (i.e., beyond a single session). Furthermore, the influence of conditions of stimuli presentation on sound errors remains uncertain. The purpose of this investigation was to further examine variability of speech production in individuals with AOS and aphasia. Of specific interest were the effects of Repeated Sampling and conditions of stimulus presentation (i.e., random and blocked by sound) on the variability of error types identified using narrow phonetic transcription.
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Apraxia of Speech: Perceptual Analysis of Trisyllabic Words Across Repeated Sampling Occasions
2011Co-Authors: Shannon C. Mauszycki, Julie L. Wambaugh, Rosalea M. CameronAbstract:Apraxia of Speech: Perceptual Analysis of Trisyllabic Words Across Repeated Sampling Occasions
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Variability in apraxia of speech: Perceptual analysis of monosyllabic word productions across Repeated Sampling times
Aphasiology, 2010Co-Authors: Shannon C. Mauszycki, Julie L. Wambaugh, Rosalea M. CameronAbstract:Background: Variability in speech sound errors has been regarded as a primary characteristic of apraxia of speech (AOS). Early research deemed errors extremely unpredictable, resulting in a number of different error types on Repeated productions of the same stimuli. However, recent research has suggested that errors may not be variable, but there are limited data regarding variability over time (i.e., beyond a single Sampling occasion). Furthermore, the influence of conditions of stimulus presentation (i.e., blocked vs random) on sound errors remains unclear. Aims: The purpose of this investigation was to examine variability of sound errors in 11 individuals with AOS and aphasia. Of particular interest were the effects of Repeated Sampling and method of speech elicitation on the variability of error types as evaluated with narrow phonetic transcription. Methods & Procedures: A total of 28 monosyllabic words served as experimental stimuli. There were four exemplars for each of the seven initial target phon...
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Individual variability on discourse measures over Repeated Sampling times in persons with aphasia
Aphasiology, 2010Co-Authors: Rosalea M. Cameron, Julie L. Wambaugh, Shannon C. MauszyckiAbstract:Background: Although persons with aphasia typically have difficulty with the production of language at the level of discourse, there is a paucity of reliable measurement systems to quantify the characteristics of spoken language. Nicholas and Brookshire (1993) developed one of the few standardised, rule-based systems to quantify the informativeness of spoken language samples. While the authors reported temporal stability for all measures, they also noted variability at the individual level. Because individual data were not reported, it is difficult to determine the nature and extent of that variability. Aims: The aim of the current investigation was to further explore Nicholas and Brookshire's (1993) quantitative linguistic analyses, and to examine individual variability over time in persons with aphasia. Methods & Procedures: Five fluent and six nonfluent persons with aphasia produced language samples over Repeated Sampling times in response to the 10 stimulus items used by Nicholas and Brookshire (1993)...
Eve Miguel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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characterising african tick communities at a wild domestic interface using Repeated Sampling protocols and models
Acta Tropica, 2014Co-Authors: Eve Miguel, Thierry Boulinier, Alexandre Caron, Hervé Fritz, Michel De Garinewichatitsky, Vladimir GrosboisAbstract:The sharing of habitat by wild and domestic animals may result in pathogen transmission, notably via ectoparasite vectors such as ticks. Interfaces between protected and communal lands constitute sharp transitions between areas occupied by host communities that are extremely contrasted in terms of composition, diversity and density. Empirical characterizations of tick communities and of their vertebrate hosts are strongly relevant for understanding the mechanisms leading to disease transmission between wild and domestic animals. In the present study we aimed at depicting the pattern of spatial variation in the density of immature ticks at such an interface located in Zimbabwe. At the end of the 2011 rainy season, we applied a hierarchical Repeated protocol to collect ticks. We used the drag-Sampling method in the vegetation surrounding water pans used by ungulates in 3 distinct landscape compartments (i.e. national park, mixed compartment and communal lands) characterized by a differential use by wild and domestic hosts. We combined generalized linear mixed models with site occupancy models to (1) assess tick aggregation levels at different spatial scales, (2) identify and disentangle factors which influence the density and probability of tick detection, and (3) compare robust estimations of tick densities among the landscape compartments. Ticks belonging to the Amblyomma and Riphicephalus genuses were found to be the most abundant. At small scale, ticks were more often detected in the afternoon and were more abundant close to water pans for Amblyomma and Riphicephalus genuses. Riphicephalus spp. density was also higher in grassland and bushland vegetation types as compared to woodland vegetation type. At large scale, for the three detected genuses, density was much higher near water pans located in the communal lands as compared to the national park and mixed compartment. Given that host community's diversity is much lower in the communal areas than in the two other landscape compartments, these results are compatible with a dilution effect but not sufficient to demonstrate this effect without additional studies. Up to date, it is the first utilization of these rigorous Sampling and statistical modelling methodologies to estimate tick density in African ecosystem simultaneously at large and small scales.
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Characterising African tick communities at a wild–domestic interface using Repeated Sampling protocols and models
Acta tropica, 2014Co-Authors: Eve Miguel, Thierry Boulinier, Michel De Garine-wichatitsky, Alexandre Caron, Hervé Fritz, Vladimir GrosboisAbstract:The sharing of habitat by wild and domestic animals may result in pathogen transmission, notably via ectoparasite vectors such as ticks. Interfaces between protected and communal lands constitute sharp transitions between areas occupied by host communities that are extremely contrasted in terms of composition, diversity and density. Empirical characterizations of tick communities and of their vertebrate hosts are strongly relevant for understanding the mechanisms leading to disease transmission between wild and domestic animals. In the present study we aimed at depicting the pattern of spatial variation in the density of immature ticks at such an interface located in Zimbabwe. At the end of the 2011 rainy season, we applied a hierarchical Repeated protocol to collect ticks. We used the drag-Sampling method in the vegetation surrounding water pans used by ungulates in 3 distinct landscape compartments (i.e. national park, mixed compartment and communal lands) characterized by a differential use by wild and domestic hosts. We combined generalized linear mixed models with site occupancy models to (1) assess tick aggregation levels at different spatial scales, (2) identify and disentangle factors which influence the density and probability of tick detection, and (3) compare robust estimations of tick densities among the landscape compartments. Ticks belonging to the Amblyomma and Riphicephalus genuses were found to be the most abundant. At small scale, ticks were more often detected in the afternoon and were more abundant close to water pans for Amblyomma and Riphicephalus genuses. Riphicephalus spp. density was also higher in grassland and bushland vegetation types as compared to woodland vegetation type. At large scale, for the three detected genuses, density was much higher near water pans located in the communal lands as compared to the national park and mixed compartment. Given that host community's diversity is much lower in the communal areas than in the two other landscape compartments, these results are compatible with a dilution effect but not sufficient to demonstrate this effect without additional studies. Up to date, it is the first utilization of these rigorous Sampling and statistical modelling methodologies to estimate tick density in African ecosystem simultaneously at large and small scales.
Shannon C. Mauszycki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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stability of speech intelligibility measures over Repeated Sampling times in speakers with acquired apraxia of speech
American Journal of Speech-language Pathology, 2021Co-Authors: Emilia Vitti, Shannon C. Mauszycki, Lisa Bunker, Julie L. WambaughAbstract:Purpose The purpose of this investigation was to measure the test–retest stability of single-word intelligibility in a group of 28 speakers with chronic apraxia of speech and aphasia. Method The As...
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Apraxia of Speech: Perceptual Analysis of Trisyllabic Word Productions Across Repeated Sampling Occasions
American journal of speech-language pathology, 2012Co-Authors: Shannon C. Mauszycki, Julie L. Wambaugh, Rosalea M. CameronAbstract:Purpose Early apraxia of speech (AOS) research has characterized errors as being variable, resulting in a number of different error types being produced on Repeated productions of the same stimuli....
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Apraxia of Speech: Perceptual Analysis of Mono-, Bi-, and Trisyllabic Words Across Repeated Sampling Occasions
2012Co-Authors: Shannon C. Mauszycki, Julie L. Wambaugh, Rosalea M. CameronAbstract:The primary characteristics considered to define acquired apraxia of speech (AOS) have continued to evolve, but a few characteristics remain controversial among researchers and clinicians (McNeil, Robin, & Schmidt, 2009). Particularly, the consistency or variability of speech sound errors in AOS (Croot, 2002). For years, variability of speech sound errors has been considered a primary characteristic of AOS (Deal & Darley, 1972; Johns & Darley, 1970; Wertz, LaPointe, & Rosenbek, 1984). Apraxic errors were considered to be variable with regard to the location of the error within a word (Johns & Darley; LaPointe & Johns, 1975) and the nature of the error (Johns & Darley; LaPointe & Horner, 1976) across Repeated productions of the same stimuli. Conversely, more recent research with “pure” apraxic speakers and speakers with AOS and accompanying aphasia has suggested that speech sound errors may not be variable (Mauszycki, Dromey, & Wambaugh, 2007; Mauszycki, Wambaugh, & Cameron, 2010a, 2010b; Mlcoch, Darley, & Noll, 1982; McNeil, Odell, Miller, & Hunter, 1995; Shuster & Wambaugh, 2003; Wambaugh, Nessler, Bennett & Mauszycki, 2004). However, there are limited data examining sound errors over time (i.e., beyond a single session). Furthermore, the influence of conditions of stimuli presentation on sound errors remains uncertain. The purpose of this investigation was to further examine variability of speech production in individuals with AOS and aphasia. Of specific interest were the effects of Repeated Sampling and conditions of stimulus presentation (i.e., random and blocked by sound) on the variability of error types identified using narrow phonetic transcription.
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Apraxia of Speech: Perceptual Analysis of Trisyllabic Words Across Repeated Sampling Occasions
2011Co-Authors: Shannon C. Mauszycki, Julie L. Wambaugh, Rosalea M. CameronAbstract:Apraxia of Speech: Perceptual Analysis of Trisyllabic Words Across Repeated Sampling Occasions
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Variability in apraxia of speech: Perceptual analysis of monosyllabic word productions across Repeated Sampling times
Aphasiology, 2010Co-Authors: Shannon C. Mauszycki, Julie L. Wambaugh, Rosalea M. CameronAbstract:Background: Variability in speech sound errors has been regarded as a primary characteristic of apraxia of speech (AOS). Early research deemed errors extremely unpredictable, resulting in a number of different error types on Repeated productions of the same stimuli. However, recent research has suggested that errors may not be variable, but there are limited data regarding variability over time (i.e., beyond a single Sampling occasion). Furthermore, the influence of conditions of stimulus presentation (i.e., blocked vs random) on sound errors remains unclear. Aims: The purpose of this investigation was to examine variability of sound errors in 11 individuals with AOS and aphasia. Of particular interest were the effects of Repeated Sampling and method of speech elicitation on the variability of error types as evaluated with narrow phonetic transcription. Methods & Procedures: A total of 28 monosyllabic words served as experimental stimuli. There were four exemplars for each of the seven initial target phon...
Ignace Naert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Repeated Sampling bone chamber methodology for the evaluation of tissue differentiation and bone adaptation around titanium implants under controlled mechanical conditions
Journal of biomechanics, 2004Co-Authors: Joke Duyck, Michel De Cooman, Robert Puers, Hans Van Oosterwyck, Jos Vander Sloten, Ignace NaertAbstract:Abstract A Repeated Sampling bone chamber methodology was developed for the study of the influence of the mechanical environment on skeletal tissue differentiation and bone adaptation around titanium implants. Via perforations, bone grows into the implanted outer bone chamber, containing an inner bone chamber with a central test implant. An actuator—easily mounted on the outer bone chamber—allows a controlled mechanical stimulation of the test implant. After each experiment, the inner bone chamber—with its content—can be harvested and analysed. A new inner bone chamber with a central implant can be inserted consecutively in the outer bone chamber and a new experiment can start. Pilot studies led to a reliable surgical protocol and showed the applicability of the methodology, offering the possibility to study skeletal tissue differentiation and adaptation around implants under well-controlled mechanical conditions, and this protected from external loading. Repeated Sampling of the bone chamber allows conducting several experiments within the same animal at the same site, thereby excluding subject- and site-dependent variability and reducing the amount of experimental animals.
