The Experts below are selected from a list of 504 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ariane Toussaint - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Towards a more accurate annotation of tyrosine-based site-specific recombinases in bacterial genomes
Mobile DNA, 2012Co-Authors: Rob Van Houdt, Raphael Leplae, Gipsi Lima-mendez, Max Mergeay, Ariane ToussaintAbstract:Background Tyrosine-based site-specific recombinases (TBSSRs) are DNA breaking-rejoining enzymes. In bacterial genomes, they play a major role in the comings and goings of mobile genetic elements (MGEs), such as temperate phage genomes, integrated conjugative elements (ICEs) or integron cassettes. TBSSRs are also involved in the segregation of plasmids and chromosomes, the resolution of plasmid dimers and of co-integrates resulting from the Replicative Transposition of transposons. With the aim of improving the annotation of TBSSR genes in genomic sequences and databases, which so far is far from robust, we built a set of over 1,300 TBSSR protein sequences tagged with their genome of origin. We organized them in families to investigate: i) whether TBSSRs tend to be more conserved within than between classes of MGE types and ii) whether the (sub)families may help in understanding more about the function of TBSSRs associated in tandem or trios on plasmids and chromosomes. Results A total of 67% of the TBSSRs in our set are MGE type specific. We define a new class of actinobacterial transposons, related to Tn 554 , containing one abnormally long TBSSR and one of typical size, and we further characterize numerous TBSSRs trios present in plasmids and chromosomes of α- and β-proteobacteria. Conclusions The simple in silico procedure described here, which uses a set of reference TBSSRs from defined MGE types, could contribute to greatly improve the annotation of tyrosine-based site-specific recombinases in plasmid, (pro)phage and other integrated MGE genomes. It also reveals TBSSRs families whose distribution among bacterial taxa suggests they mediate lateral gene transfer.
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a new component of bacteriophage mu Replicative Transposition machinery the escherichia coli clpx protein
Molecular Microbiology, 1994Co-Authors: Amine Mhammedialaoul, Martin L Pato, Mariejo Gama, Ariane ToussaintAbstract:Summary We have shown previously that some particular mutations in bacteriophage Mu repressor, the frameshift vir mutations, made the protein very sensitive to the Escherichia coli ATP-dependent Clp protease. This enzyme is formed by the association between a protease subunit (ClpP) and an ATPase subunit. ClpA, the best characterized of these ATPases, is not required for the degradation of the mutant Mu repressors. Recently, a new potential ClpP associated ATPase, ClpX, has been described. We show here that this new subunit is required for Mu vir repressor degradation. Moreover, ClpX (but not ClpP) was found to be required for normal Mu replication. Thus ClpX has activities that do not require its association with ClpP. In the pathway of Mu Replicative Transposition, the block resides beyond the strand transfer reaction, i.e. after the Transposition reaction per se is completed, suggesting that ClpX is required for the transition to the formation of the active replication complex at one Mu end. This is a new clear-cut case of the versatile activity of polypeptides that form multi-component ATP-dependent proteases.
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Regulation of bacteriophage Mu Transposition
Genetica, 1994Co-Authors: Ariane Toussaint, Marie-josé Gama, Jamal Laachouch, Geneviève Maenhaut-michel, Amina Mhammedi-alaouiAbstract:Bacteriophage Mu is a transposon and a temperate phage which has become a paradigm for the study of the molecular mechanism of Transposition. As a prophage, Mu has also been used to study some aspects of the influence of the host cell growth phase on the regulation of Transposition. Through the years several host proteins have been identified which play a key role in the replication of the Mu genome by successive rounds of Replicative Transposition as well as in the maintenance of the repressed prophage state. In this review we have attempted to summarize all these findings with the purpose of emphasizing the benefit the virus and the host cell can gain from those phage-host interactions.
Jaime Castellanos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genome plasticity favours double chromosomal Tn4401b-blaKPC-2 transposon insertion in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST235 clone
BMC Microbiology, 2019Co-Authors: Deisy Abril, Ricaurte Alejandro Marquez-ortiz, Betsy Castro-cardozo, José Ignacio Moncayo-ortiz, Narda María Olarte Escobar, Zayda Lorena Corredor Rozo, Niradiz Reyes, Catalina Tovar, Héctor Fabio Sánchez, Jaime CastellanosAbstract:BackgroundPseudomonas aeruginosa Sequence Type 235 is a clone that possesses an extraordinary ability to acquire mobile genetic elements and has been associated with the spread of resistance genes, including genes that encode for carbapenemases. Here, we aim to characterize the genetic platforms involved in resistance dissemination in blaKPC-2-positive P. aeruginosa ST235 in Colombia.ResultsIn a prospective surveillance study of infections in adult patients attended in five ICUs in five distant cities in Colombia, 58 isolates of P. aeruginosa were recovered, of which, 27 (46.6%) were resistant to carbapenems. The molecular analysis showed that 6 (22.2%) and 4 (14.8%) isolates harboured the blaVIM and blaKPC-2 genes, respectively. The four blaKPC-2-positive isolates showed a similar PFGE pulsotype and belonged to ST235. Complete genome sequencing of a representative ST235 isolate shows a unique chromosomal contig of 7097.241 bp with eight different resistance genes identified and five transposons: a Tn6162-like with ant(2″)-Ia, two Tn402-like with ant(3″)-Ia and blaOXA-2 and two Tn4401b with blaKPC-2. All transposons were inserted into the genomic islands. Interestingly, the two Tn4401b copies harbouring blaKPC-2 were adjacently inserted into a new genomic island (PAGI-17) with traces of a Replicative Transposition process. This double insertion was probably driven by several structural changes within the chromosomal region containing PAGI-17 in the ST235 background.ConclusionThis is the first report of a double Tn4401b chromosomal insertion in P. aeruginosa, just within a new genomic island (PAGI-17). This finding indicates once again the great genomic plasticity of this microorganism.
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Genome plasticity favours double chromosomal Tn4401b-bla_KPC-2 transposon insertion in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST235 clone
BMC Microbiology, 2019Co-Authors: Deisy Abril, Ricaurte Alejandro Marquez-ortiz, Betsy Castro-cardozo, José Ignacio Moncayo-ortiz, Narda María Olarte Escobar, Zayda Lorena Corredor Rozo, Niradiz Reyes, Catalina Tovar, Héctor Fabio Sánchez, Jaime CastellanosAbstract:Background Pseudomonas aeruginosa Sequence Type 235 is a clone that possesses an extraordinary ability to acquire mobile genetic elements and has been associated with the spread of resistance genes, including genes that encode for carbapenemases. Here, we aim to characterize the genetic platforms involved in resistance dissemination in bla _KPC-2 - positive P. aeruginosa ST235 in Colombia. Results In a prospective surveillance study of infections in adult patients attended in five ICUs in five distant cities in Colombia, 58 isolates of P. aeruginosa were recovered, of which, 27 (46.6%) were resistant to carbapenems. The molecular analysis showed that 6 (22.2%) and 4 (14.8%) isolates harboured the bla _VIM and bla _KPC-2 genes, respectively. The four bla _KPC-2-positive isolates showed a similar PFGE pulsotype and belonged to ST235. Complete genome sequencing of a representative ST235 isolate shows a unique chromosomal contig of 7097.241 bp with eight different resistance genes identified and five transposons: a Tn 6162-like with ant(2″)-Ia , two Tn 402-like with ant(3″)-Ia and bla _OXA-2 and two Tn 4401b with bla _KPC-2. All transposons were inserted into the genomic islands. Interestingly, the two Tn 4401b copies harbouring bla _KPC-2 were adjacently inserted into a new genomic island (PAGI-17) with traces of a Replicative Transposition process. This double insertion was probably driven by several structural changes within the chromosomal region containing PAGI-17 in the ST235 background. Conclusion This is the first report of a double Tn 4401b chromosomal insertion in P. aeruginosa , just within a new genomic island (PAGI-17). This finding indicates once again the great genomic plasticity of this microorganism .
Hallet Bernard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Toxin-Antitoxin Gene Pairs Found in Tn3 Family Transposons Appear To Be an Integral Part of the Transposition Module.
'American Society for Microbiology', 2020Co-Authors: Lima Mendez Gipsi, Hallet Bernard, Oliveira Alvarenga Danillo, Ross Karen, Van Melderen Laurence, Alessandro Am Varani, Chandler MichaelAbstract:Much of the diversity of prokaryotic genomes is contributed by the tightly controlled recombination activity of transposons (Tns). The Tn3 family is arguably one of the most widespread transposon families. Members carry a large range of passenger genes incorporated into their structures. Family members undergo Replicative Transposition using a DDE transposase to generate a cointegrate structure which is then resolved by site-specific recombination between specific DNA sequences (res) on each of the two Tn copies in the cointegrate. These sites also carry promoters controlling expression of the recombinase and transposase. We report here that a number of Tn3 members encode a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system, typically composed of a stable toxin and a labile antitoxin that binds the toxin and inhibits its lethal activity. This system serves to improve plasmid maintenance in a bacterial population and, until recently, was believed to be associated with bacterial persistence. At least six different TA gene pairs are associated with various Tn3 members. Our data suggest that several independent acquisition events have occurred. In contrast to most Tn3 family passenger genes, which are generally located away from the Transposition module, the TA gene pairs abut the res site upstream of the resolvase genes. Although their role when part of Tn3 family transposons is unclear, this finding suggests a potential role for the embedded TA in stabilizing the associated transposon with the possibility that TA expression is coupled to expression of transposase and resolvase during the Transposition process itself.IMPORTANCE Transposable elements (TEs) are important in genetic diversification due to their recombination properties and their ability to promote horizontal gene transfer. Over the last decades, much effort has been made to understand TE Transposition mechanisms and their impact on prokaryotic genomes. For example, the Tn3 family is ubiquitous in bacteria, molding their host genomes by the paste-and-copy mechanism. In addition to the Transposition module, Tn3 members often carry additional passenger genes (e.g. conferring antibiotic or heavy metal resistance and virulence), and three were previously known to carry a toxin-antitoxin (TA) system often associated with plasmid maintenance; however, the role of TA systems within the Tn3 family is unknown. The genetic context of TA systems in Tn3 members suggests that they may play a regulatory role in ensuring stable invasion of these Tns during Transposition.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
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Toxin-Antitoxin Gene Pairs Found in Tn3 Family Transposons Appear To Be an Integral Part of the Transposition Module
'American Society for Microbiology', 2020Co-Authors: Lima Mendez Gipsi, Hallet Bernard, Oliveira Alvarenga Danillo, Ross Karen, Van Melderen Laurence, Varani, Alessandro M., Chandler Michael, Buchrieser CarmenAbstract:Much of the diversity of prokaryotic genomes is contributed by the tightly controlled recombination activity of transposons (Tns). The Tn3 family is arguably one of the most widespread transposon families. Members carry a large range of passenger genes incorporated into their structures. Family members undergo Replicative Transposition using a DDE transposase to generate a cointegrate structure which is then resolved by site-specific recombination between specific DNA sequences (res) on each of the two Tn copies in the cointegrate. These sites also carry promoters controlling expression of the recombinase and transposase. We report here that a number of Tn3 members encode a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system, typically composed of a stable toxin and a labile antitoxin that binds the toxin and inhibits its lethal activity. This system serves to improve plasmid maintenance in a bacterial population and, until recently, was believed to be associated with bacterial persistence. At least six different TA gene pairs are associated with various Tn3 members. Our data suggest that several independent acquisition events have occurred. In contrast to most Tn3 family passenger genes, which are generally located away from the Transposition module, the TA gene pairs abut the res site upstream of the resolvase genes. Although their role when part of Tn3 family transposons is unclear, this finding suggests a potential role for the embedded TA in stabilizing the associated transposon with the possibility that TA expression is coupled to expression of transposase and resolvase during the Transposition process itself
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The Tn3-family of Replicative transposons
'American Society for Microbiology', 2015Co-Authors: Nicolas Emilien, Oger Cédric, Lambin Michaël, Dandoy Damien, Galloy Christine, Nguyen Nathan, Hallet BernardAbstract:Transposons of the Tn3 family form a widespread and remarkably homogeneous group of bacterial transposable elements in terms of Transposition functions and an extremely versatile system for mediating gene reassortment and genomic plasticity owing to their modular organization. They have made major contributions to antimicrobial drug resistance dissemination or to endowing environmental bacteria with novel catabolic capacities. Here, we discuss the dynamic aspects inherent to the diversity and mosaic structure of Tn3-family transposons and their derivatives. We also provide an overview of current knowledge of the Replicative Transposition mechanism of the family, emphasizing most recent work aimed at understanding this mechanism at the biochemical level. Previous and recent data are put in perspective with those obtained for other transposable elements to build up a tentative model linking the activities of the Tn3-family transposase protein with the cellular process of DNA replication, suggesting new lines for further investigation. Finally, we summarize our current view of the DNA site-specific recombination mechanisms responsible for converting Replicative Transposition intermediates into final products, comparing paradigm systems using a serine recombinase with more recently characterized systems that use a tyrosine recombinase
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Self-control in DNA site-specific recombination mediated by the tyrosine recombinase TnpI.
'Wiley', 2006Co-Authors: Vanhooff Virginie, Galloy Christine, Agaisse Hervé, Lereclus Didier, Révet Bernard, Hallet BernardAbstract:Tn4430 is a distinctive transposon of the Tn3 family that encodes a tyrosine recombinase (TnpI) to resolve Replicative Transposition intermediates. The internal resolution site of Tn4430 (IRS, 116 bp) contains two inverted repeats (IR1 and IR2) at the crossover core site, and two additional TnpI binding motifs (DR1 and DR2) adjacent to the core. Deletion analysis demonstrated that DR1 and DR2 are not required for recombination in vivo and in vitro. Their function is to provide resolution selectivity to the reaction by stimulating recombination between directly oriented sites on a same DNA molecule. In the absence of DR1 and/or DR2, TnpI-mediated recombination of supercoiled DNA substrates gives a mixture of topologically variable products, while deletion between two wild-type IRSs exclusively produces two-noded catenanes. This demonstrates that TnpI binding to the accessory motifs DR1 and DR2 contributes to the formation of a specific synaptic complex in which catalytically inert recombinase subunits act as architectural elements to control recombination sites pairing and strand exchange. A model for the organization of TnpI/IRS recombination complex is presented
Chandler Michael - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Toxin-Antitoxin Gene Pairs Found in Tn3 Family Transposons Appear To Be an Integral Part of the Transposition Module.
'American Society for Microbiology', 2020Co-Authors: Lima Mendez Gipsi, Hallet Bernard, Oliveira Alvarenga Danillo, Ross Karen, Van Melderen Laurence, Alessandro Am Varani, Chandler MichaelAbstract:Much of the diversity of prokaryotic genomes is contributed by the tightly controlled recombination activity of transposons (Tns). The Tn3 family is arguably one of the most widespread transposon families. Members carry a large range of passenger genes incorporated into their structures. Family members undergo Replicative Transposition using a DDE transposase to generate a cointegrate structure which is then resolved by site-specific recombination between specific DNA sequences (res) on each of the two Tn copies in the cointegrate. These sites also carry promoters controlling expression of the recombinase and transposase. We report here that a number of Tn3 members encode a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system, typically composed of a stable toxin and a labile antitoxin that binds the toxin and inhibits its lethal activity. This system serves to improve plasmid maintenance in a bacterial population and, until recently, was believed to be associated with bacterial persistence. At least six different TA gene pairs are associated with various Tn3 members. Our data suggest that several independent acquisition events have occurred. In contrast to most Tn3 family passenger genes, which are generally located away from the Transposition module, the TA gene pairs abut the res site upstream of the resolvase genes. Although their role when part of Tn3 family transposons is unclear, this finding suggests a potential role for the embedded TA in stabilizing the associated transposon with the possibility that TA expression is coupled to expression of transposase and resolvase during the Transposition process itself.IMPORTANCE Transposable elements (TEs) are important in genetic diversification due to their recombination properties and their ability to promote horizontal gene transfer. Over the last decades, much effort has been made to understand TE Transposition mechanisms and their impact on prokaryotic genomes. For example, the Tn3 family is ubiquitous in bacteria, molding their host genomes by the paste-and-copy mechanism. In addition to the Transposition module, Tn3 members often carry additional passenger genes (e.g. conferring antibiotic or heavy metal resistance and virulence), and three were previously known to carry a toxin-antitoxin (TA) system often associated with plasmid maintenance; however, the role of TA systems within the Tn3 family is unknown. The genetic context of TA systems in Tn3 members suggests that they may play a regulatory role in ensuring stable invasion of these Tns during Transposition.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
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Toxin-Antitoxin Gene Pairs Found in Tn3 Family Transposons Appear To Be an Integral Part of the Transposition Module
'American Society for Microbiology', 2020Co-Authors: Lima Mendez Gipsi, Hallet Bernard, Oliveira Alvarenga Danillo, Ross Karen, Van Melderen Laurence, Varani, Alessandro M., Chandler Michael, Buchrieser CarmenAbstract:Much of the diversity of prokaryotic genomes is contributed by the tightly controlled recombination activity of transposons (Tns). The Tn3 family is arguably one of the most widespread transposon families. Members carry a large range of passenger genes incorporated into their structures. Family members undergo Replicative Transposition using a DDE transposase to generate a cointegrate structure which is then resolved by site-specific recombination between specific DNA sequences (res) on each of the two Tn copies in the cointegrate. These sites also carry promoters controlling expression of the recombinase and transposase. We report here that a number of Tn3 members encode a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system, typically composed of a stable toxin and a labile antitoxin that binds the toxin and inhibits its lethal activity. This system serves to improve plasmid maintenance in a bacterial population and, until recently, was believed to be associated with bacterial persistence. At least six different TA gene pairs are associated with various Tn3 members. Our data suggest that several independent acquisition events have occurred. In contrast to most Tn3 family passenger genes, which are generally located away from the Transposition module, the TA gene pairs abut the res site upstream of the resolvase genes. Although their role when part of Tn3 family transposons is unclear, this finding suggests a potential role for the embedded TA in stabilizing the associated transposon with the possibility that TA expression is coupled to expression of transposase and resolvase during the Transposition process itself
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A Tale of Transposition: tn3-like transposons play a major role in the spread of pathogenicity determinants of xanthomonas citri and other xanthomonads
Amer Soc Microbiology, 2015Co-Authors: Ferreira, Rafael Marini [unesp], Chandler Michael, Oliveira, Amanda Carolina P. De [unesp], Moreira, Leandro M., Belasque Jose, Gourbeyre Edith, Siguier Patricia, Ferro, Maria Ines T. [unesp], Ferro, Jesus A. [unesp], Varani, Alessandro M. [unesp]Abstract:Members of the genus Xanthomonas are among the most important phytopathogens. A key feature of Xanthomonas pathogenesis is the translocation of type III secretion system (T3SS) effector proteins (T3SEs) into the plant target cells via a T3SS. Several T3SEs and a murein lytic transglycosylase gene (mlt, required for citrus canker symptoms) are found associated with three Transposition-related genes in Xanthomonas citri plasmid pXAC64. These are flanked by short inverted repeats (IRs). The region was identified as a transposon, TnXax1, with typical Tn3 family features, including a transposase and two recombination genes. Two 14-bp palindromic sequences within a 193-bp potential resolution site occur between the recombination genes. Additional derivatives carrying different T3SEs and other passenger genes occur in different Xanthomonas species. The T3SEs include transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs). Certain TALEs are flanked by the same IRs as found in TnXax1 to form mobile insertion cassettes (MICs), suggesting that they may be transmitted horizontally. A significant number of MICs carrying other passenger genes (including a number of TALE genes) were also identified, flanked by the same TnXax1 IRs and delimited by 5-bp target site duplications. We conclude that a large fraction of T3SEs, including individual TALEs and potential pathogenicity determinants, have spread by Transposition and that TnXax1, which exhibits all of the essential characteristics of a functional transposon, may be involved in driving MIC Transposition. We also propose that TALE genes may diversify by fork slippage during the Replicative Tn3 family Transposition. These mechanisms may play a crucial role in the emergence of Xanthomonas pathogenicity.IMPORTANCE Xanthomonas genomes carry many insertion sequences (IS) and transposons, which play an important role in their evolution and architecture. This study reveals a key relationship between transposons and pathogenicity determinants in Xanthomonas. We propose that several Transposition events mediated by a Tn3-like element carrying different sets of passenger genes, such as different type III secretion system effectors (including transcription activation-like effectors [TALEs]), were determinant in the evolution and emergence of Xanthomonas pathogenicity. TALE genes are DNA-binding effectors that modulate plant transcription. We also present a model for generating TALE gene diversity based on fork slippage associated with the Replicative Transposition mechanism of Tn3-like transposons. This may provide a mechanism for niche adaptation, specialization, host-switching, and other lifestyle changes. These results will also certainly lead to novel insights into the evolution and emergence of the various diseases caused by different Xanthomonas species and pathovars
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A Tale of Transposition: tn3-like transposons play a major role in the spread of pathogenicity determinants of xanthomonas citri and other xanthomonads
Amer Soc Microbiology, 2015Co-Authors: Ferreira, Rafael Marini, Chandler Michael, Moreira, Leandro M., Belasque Jose, Gourbeyre Edith, Siguier Patricia, Amanda Carolina P. De ,oliveira, Ferro, Maria Ines T., Ferro, Jesus A., Varani, Alessandro M.Abstract:Members of the genus Xanthomonas are among the most important phytopathogens. A key feature of Xanthomonas pathogenesis is the translocation of type III secretion system (T3SS) effector proteins (T3SEs) into the plant target cells via a T3SS. Several T3SEs and a murein lytic transglycosylase gene (mlt, required for citrus canker symptoms) are found associated with three Transposition-related genes in Xanthomonas citri plasmid pXAC64. These are flanked by short inverted repeats (IRs). The region was identified as a transposon, TnXax1, with typical Tn3 family features, including a transposase and two recombination genes. Two 14-bp palindromic sequences within a 193-bp potential resolution site occur between the recombination genes. Additional derivatives carrying different T3SEs and other passenger genes occur in different Xanthomonas species. The T3SEs include transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs). Certain TALEs are flanked by the same IRs as found in TnXax1 to form mobile insertion cassettes (MICs), suggesting that they may be transmitted horizontally. A significant number of MICs carrying other passenger genes (including a number of TALE genes) were also identified, flanked by the same TnXax1 IRs and delimited by 5-bp target site duplications. We conclude that a large fraction of T3SEs, including individual TALEs and potential pathogenicity determinants, have spread by Transposition and that TnXax1, which exhibits all of the essential characteristics of a functional transposon, may be involved in driving MIC Transposition. We also propose that TALE genes may diversify by fork slippage during the Replicative Tn3 family Transposition. These mechanisms may play a crucial role in the emergence of Xanthomonas pathogenicity.IMPORTANCE Xanthomonas genomes carry many insertion sequences (IS) and transposons, which play an important role in their evolution and architecture. This study reveals a key relationship between transposons and pathogenicity determinants in Xanthomonas. We propose that several Transposition events mediated by a Tn3-like element carrying different sets of passenger genes, such as different type III secretion system effectors (including transcription activation-like effectors [TALEs]), were determinant in the evolution and emergence of Xanthomonas pathogenicity. TALE genes are DNA-binding effectors that modulate plant transcription. We also present a model for generating TALE gene diversity based on fork slippage associated with the Replicative Transposition mechanism of Tn3-like transposons. This may provide a mechanism for niche adaptation, specialization, host-switching, and other lifestyle changes. These results will also certainly lead to novel insights into the evolution and emergence of the various diseases caused by different Xanthomonas species and pathovars.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq
Séverine Chambeyron - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The somatic piRNA pathway controls germline Transposition over generations
Nucleic Acids Research, 2018Co-Authors: Bridlin Barckmann, Marianne El-barouk, Alain Pélisson, Bruno Mugat, Céline Franckhauser, Anna-sophie Fiston Lavier, Marie Mirouze, Marie Fablet, Séverine ChambeyronAbstract:Transposable elements (TEs) are parasitic DNA sequences that threaten genome integrity by Replicative Transposition in host gonads. The Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) pathway is assumed to maintain Drosophila genome homeostasis by downregulating transcriptional and post-transcriptional TE expression in the ovary. However, the bursts of Transposition that are expected to follow transposome derepression after piRNA pathway impairment have not yet been reported. Here, we show, at a genome-wide level, that piRNA loss in the ovarian somatic cells boosts several families of the endogenous retroviral subclass of TEs, at various steps of their replication cycle, from somatic transcription to germinal genome invasion. For some of these TEs, the derepression caused by the loss of piRNAs is backed up by another small RNA pathway (siRNAs) operating in somatic tissues at the post transcriptional level. Derepressed Transposition during 70 successive generations of piRNA loss exponentially increases the genomic copy number by up to 10-fold.