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Aaron J W Hsueh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • genetics genetic basis of human Reproductive Endocrine Disorders
    Human Reproduction, 1995
    Co-Authors: Bart C J M Fauser, Aaron J W Hsueh
    Abstract:

    Disturbed human Reproductive function may be caused by environmental and/or genetic factors. Much information related to single gene defects underlying Reproductive failure has become available in recent years due to advances in molecular biology. In this review, techniques currently applied for deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis are addressed. We also highlight underlying molecular mechanisms and the corresponding clinical presentation of single gene defects affecting (i) the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, resulting in disturbed gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuron migration, or leading to defective gonadotrophins, gonadotrophin receptors and the Gs alpha protein; (ii) gonadal and adrenal steroid biosynthesis and (iii) steroid and insulin receptors. The potential genetic basis of polycystic ovary syndrome is also discussed. Although disease states caused by well-defined genetic abnormalities appear to represent only a small proportion of those found in the patient population, it should be considered that these affected individuals represent only the most severe cases in a wide spectrum of genetic abnormalities underlying disturbed fertility. Comprehension of these extreme cases will provide the basis for the elucidation of more common Reproductive Disorders as the result of subtle genetic changes or increased susceptibility to environmental factors.

Jouko I T Isojarvi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effect of antiepileptic drugs on Reproductive Endocrine function in individuals with epilepsy
    CNS Drugs, 2005
    Co-Authors: Jouko I T Isojarvi, Erik Tauboll, Andrew G Herzog
    Abstract:

    It is well known that epilepsy, antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), and the Reproductive system have complex interactions. Fertility is lower in both men and women with epilepsy than in the general population. Moreover, Reproductive Endocrine Disorders are more common among patients with epilepsy than among the population in general. These Disorders have been attributed both to epilepsy itself and to use of AEDs.

  • Reproductive effects of valproate carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine in men with epilepsy
    Neurology, 2001
    Co-Authors: Johanna Rattya, V V Myllyla, Jukka Turkka, A J Pakarinen, Mikael Knip, Mervi Kotila, O Lukkarinen, Jouko I T Isojarvi
    Abstract:

    Background: Recent observations have indicated that Reproductive Endocrine Disorders are common among women taking valproate (VPA) for epilepsy, but it is not known whether respective abnormalities develop in men taking VPA for epilepsy. Carbamazepine (CBZ) may induce Endocrine Disorders in men with epilepsy, but the Endocrine effects of oxcarbazepine (OXC) are not known. Methods: Reproductive Endocrine function was evaluated in 90 men taking VPA (n = 21), CBZ (n = 40), or OXC (n = 29) as monotherapy for epilepsy and in 25 healthy control men. Results: Twelve men (57%) taking VPA had increased serum androgen levels. The mean serum level of androstenedione was high in patients taking VPA. Serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate were low, and serum concentrations of sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG) were high in men taking CBZ. The Endocrine effects of OXC seemed to be dose-dependent, because serum hormone levels were normal in patients with low OXC doses ( Conclusions: VPA increases serum androgen concentrations in men with epilepsy. The Endocrine effects of CBZ and OXC were different, because CBZ appears to decrease the bioactivity of androgens, whereas OXC does not.

  • polycystic ovaries and hyperandrogenism in women taking valproate for epilepsy
    The New England Journal of Medicine, 1993
    Co-Authors: Jouko I T Isojarvi, Timo Laatikainen, Arto Pakarinen, Kaisa Juntunen, V V Myllyla
    Abstract:

    Background Reproductive Endocrine Disorders are more common among women with epilepsy than among normal women. These Disorders have been attributed to epilepsy itself, but could be related to antiepileptic-drug therapy. Methods We studied 238 women with epilepsy who were seen regularly at the Outpatient Department of the University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. Their mean age was 33 years (range, 18 to 45), and the mean duration of therapy was 9 years (range, 0 to 31). Twenty-nine (12 percent) were treated with valproate, 120 (50 percent) with carbamazepine, 12 (5 percent) with valproate and carbamazepine, and 62 (26 percent) with other medications; 15 (6 percent) were untreated. Vaginal ultrasonography was performed to determine ovarian size, and serum sex-hormone concentrations were measured in 41 women with epilepsy and menstrual disturbances, 57 women with epilepsy and regular menstrual cycles, and 51 normal women. Results Menstrual disturbances were present in 13 of the women receiving valproate alone (45...

Bart C J M Fauser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • genetics genetic basis of human Reproductive Endocrine Disorders
    Human Reproduction, 1995
    Co-Authors: Bart C J M Fauser, Aaron J W Hsueh
    Abstract:

    Disturbed human Reproductive function may be caused by environmental and/or genetic factors. Much information related to single gene defects underlying Reproductive failure has become available in recent years due to advances in molecular biology. In this review, techniques currently applied for deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis are addressed. We also highlight underlying molecular mechanisms and the corresponding clinical presentation of single gene defects affecting (i) the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, resulting in disturbed gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuron migration, or leading to defective gonadotrophins, gonadotrophin receptors and the Gs alpha protein; (ii) gonadal and adrenal steroid biosynthesis and (iii) steroid and insulin receptors. The potential genetic basis of polycystic ovary syndrome is also discussed. Although disease states caused by well-defined genetic abnormalities appear to represent only a small proportion of those found in the patient population, it should be considered that these affected individuals represent only the most severe cases in a wide spectrum of genetic abnormalities underlying disturbed fertility. Comprehension of these extreme cases will provide the basis for the elucidation of more common Reproductive Disorders as the result of subtle genetic changes or increased susceptibility to environmental factors.

V V Myllyla - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Reproductive effects of valproate carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine in men with epilepsy
    Neurology, 2001
    Co-Authors: Johanna Rattya, V V Myllyla, Jukka Turkka, A J Pakarinen, Mikael Knip, Mervi Kotila, O Lukkarinen, Jouko I T Isojarvi
    Abstract:

    Background: Recent observations have indicated that Reproductive Endocrine Disorders are common among women taking valproate (VPA) for epilepsy, but it is not known whether respective abnormalities develop in men taking VPA for epilepsy. Carbamazepine (CBZ) may induce Endocrine Disorders in men with epilepsy, but the Endocrine effects of oxcarbazepine (OXC) are not known. Methods: Reproductive Endocrine function was evaluated in 90 men taking VPA (n = 21), CBZ (n = 40), or OXC (n = 29) as monotherapy for epilepsy and in 25 healthy control men. Results: Twelve men (57%) taking VPA had increased serum androgen levels. The mean serum level of androstenedione was high in patients taking VPA. Serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate were low, and serum concentrations of sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG) were high in men taking CBZ. The Endocrine effects of OXC seemed to be dose-dependent, because serum hormone levels were normal in patients with low OXC doses ( Conclusions: VPA increases serum androgen concentrations in men with epilepsy. The Endocrine effects of CBZ and OXC were different, because CBZ appears to decrease the bioactivity of androgens, whereas OXC does not.

  • polycystic ovaries and hyperandrogenism in women taking valproate for epilepsy
    The New England Journal of Medicine, 1993
    Co-Authors: Jouko I T Isojarvi, Timo Laatikainen, Arto Pakarinen, Kaisa Juntunen, V V Myllyla
    Abstract:

    Background Reproductive Endocrine Disorders are more common among women with epilepsy than among normal women. These Disorders have been attributed to epilepsy itself, but could be related to antiepileptic-drug therapy. Methods We studied 238 women with epilepsy who were seen regularly at the Outpatient Department of the University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. Their mean age was 33 years (range, 18 to 45), and the mean duration of therapy was 9 years (range, 0 to 31). Twenty-nine (12 percent) were treated with valproate, 120 (50 percent) with carbamazepine, 12 (5 percent) with valproate and carbamazepine, and 62 (26 percent) with other medications; 15 (6 percent) were untreated. Vaginal ultrasonography was performed to determine ovarian size, and serum sex-hormone concentrations were measured in 41 women with epilepsy and menstrual disturbances, 57 women with epilepsy and regular menstrual cycles, and 51 normal women. Results Menstrual disturbances were present in 13 of the women receiving valproate alone (45...

Andrew G Herzog - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effect of antiepileptic drugs on Reproductive Endocrine function in individuals with epilepsy
    CNS Drugs, 2005
    Co-Authors: Jouko I T Isojarvi, Erik Tauboll, Andrew G Herzog
    Abstract:

    It is well known that epilepsy, antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), and the Reproductive system have complex interactions. Fertility is lower in both men and women with epilepsy than in the general population. Moreover, Reproductive Endocrine Disorders are more common among patients with epilepsy than among the population in general. These Disorders have been attributed both to epilepsy itself and to use of AEDs.

  • health issues for women with epilepsy a descriptive survey to assess knowledge and awareness among healthcare providers
    Journal of women's health and gender-based medicine, 2000
    Co-Authors: Martha J Morrell, Andrew G Herzog, Gloria E Sarto, Patricia Osborne Shafer, Elizabeth A Borda, Mimi Callanan
    Abstract:

    The American Academy of Neurology and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recently issued practice parameters for women with epilepsy. These parameters suggest optimal care practices. To assess knowledge of the issues covered in the parameters and to facilitate educational efforts to promote best care, the Epilepsy Foundation conducted a survey of healthcare professionals likely to provide care to women with epilepsy. The survey sampled 3535 healthcare professionals across a wide range of specialties. Most respondents did not know the specific effects of estrogen and progesterone on the seizure threshold, were not aware of menstrual-associated seizure patterns, and could not identify which antiepileptic drugs interfere with oral contraceptives. The majority of respondents did not know that women with epilepsy have higher rates of infertility, Reproductive Endocrine Disorders, and sexual dysfunction. Most respondents did not know the frequency of birth defects in children born to women ...