The Experts below are selected from a list of 309447 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
John R Sirard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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preventing childhood obesity a solution oriented Research Paradigm
American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2005Co-Authors: Thomas N Robinson, John R SirardAbstract:Past Research has identified social and environmental causes and correlates of behaviors thought to be associated with obesity and weight gain among children and adolescents. Much less Research has documented the efficacy of interventions designed to manipulate those presumed causes and correlates. These latter efforts have been inhibited by the predominant biomedical and social science problem-oriented Research Paradigm, empha- sizing reductionist approaches to understanding etiologic mechanisms of diseases and risk factors. The implications of this problem-oriented approach are responsible for leaving many of the most important applied Research questions unanswered, and for slowing efforts to prevent obesity and improve individual and population health. An alternative, and complementary, solution-oriented Research Paradigm is proposed, emphasizing ex- perimental Research to identify the causes of improved health. This subtle conceptual shift has significant implications for phrasing Research questions, generating hypotheses, designing Research studies, and making Research results more relevant to policy and practice. The solution-oriented Research Paradigm encourages Research with more imme- diate relevance to human health and a shortened cycle of discovery from the laboratory to the patient and population. Finally, a "litmus test" for evaluating Research studies is proposed, to maximize the efficiency of the Research enterprise and contributions to the promotion of health and the prevention and treatment of disease. A Research study should only be performed if (1) you know what you will conclude from each possible result (whether positive, negative, or null); and (2) the result may change how you would intervene to address a clinical, policy, or public health problem. (Am J Prev Med 2005;28(2S2):194-201) © 2005 American Journal of Preventive Medicine
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Preventing childhood obesity: a solution-oriented Research Paradigm.
American journal of preventive medicine, 2005Co-Authors: Thomas N Robinson, John R SirardAbstract:Past Research has identified social and environmental causes and correlates of behaviors thought to be associated with obesity and weight gain among children and adolescents. Much less Research has documented the efficacy of interventions designed to manipulate those presumed causes and correlates. These latter efforts have been inhibited by the predominant biomedical and social science problem-oriented Research Paradigm, emphasizing reductionist approaches to understanding etiologic mechanisms of diseases and risk factors. The implications of this problem-oriented approach are responsible for leaving many of the most important applied Research questions unanswered, and for slowing efforts to prevent obesity and improve individual and population health. An alternative, and complementary, solution-oriented Research Paradigm is proposed, emphasizing experimental Research to identify the causes of improved health. This subtle conceptual shift has significant implications for phrasing Research questions, generating hypotheses, designing Research studies, and making Research results more relevant to policy and practice. The solution-oriented Research Paradigm encourages Research with more immediate relevance to human health and a shortened cycle of discovery from the laboratory to the patient and population. Finally, a "litmus test" for evaluating Research studies is proposed, to maximize the efficiency of the Research enterprise and contributions to the promotion of health and the prevention and treatment of disease. A Research study should only be performed if (1) you know what you will conclude from each possible result (whether positive, negative, or null); and (2) the result may change how you would intervene to address a clinical, policy, or public health problem.
Thomas N Robinson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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preventing childhood obesity a solution oriented Research Paradigm
American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2005Co-Authors: Thomas N Robinson, John R SirardAbstract:Past Research has identified social and environmental causes and correlates of behaviors thought to be associated with obesity and weight gain among children and adolescents. Much less Research has documented the efficacy of interventions designed to manipulate those presumed causes and correlates. These latter efforts have been inhibited by the predominant biomedical and social science problem-oriented Research Paradigm, empha- sizing reductionist approaches to understanding etiologic mechanisms of diseases and risk factors. The implications of this problem-oriented approach are responsible for leaving many of the most important applied Research questions unanswered, and for slowing efforts to prevent obesity and improve individual and population health. An alternative, and complementary, solution-oriented Research Paradigm is proposed, emphasizing ex- perimental Research to identify the causes of improved health. This subtle conceptual shift has significant implications for phrasing Research questions, generating hypotheses, designing Research studies, and making Research results more relevant to policy and practice. The solution-oriented Research Paradigm encourages Research with more imme- diate relevance to human health and a shortened cycle of discovery from the laboratory to the patient and population. Finally, a "litmus test" for evaluating Research studies is proposed, to maximize the efficiency of the Research enterprise and contributions to the promotion of health and the prevention and treatment of disease. A Research study should only be performed if (1) you know what you will conclude from each possible result (whether positive, negative, or null); and (2) the result may change how you would intervene to address a clinical, policy, or public health problem. (Am J Prev Med 2005;28(2S2):194-201) © 2005 American Journal of Preventive Medicine
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Preventing childhood obesity: a solution-oriented Research Paradigm.
American journal of preventive medicine, 2005Co-Authors: Thomas N Robinson, John R SirardAbstract:Past Research has identified social and environmental causes and correlates of behaviors thought to be associated with obesity and weight gain among children and adolescents. Much less Research has documented the efficacy of interventions designed to manipulate those presumed causes and correlates. These latter efforts have been inhibited by the predominant biomedical and social science problem-oriented Research Paradigm, emphasizing reductionist approaches to understanding etiologic mechanisms of diseases and risk factors. The implications of this problem-oriented approach are responsible for leaving many of the most important applied Research questions unanswered, and for slowing efforts to prevent obesity and improve individual and population health. An alternative, and complementary, solution-oriented Research Paradigm is proposed, emphasizing experimental Research to identify the causes of improved health. This subtle conceptual shift has significant implications for phrasing Research questions, generating hypotheses, designing Research studies, and making Research results more relevant to policy and practice. The solution-oriented Research Paradigm encourages Research with more immediate relevance to human health and a shortened cycle of discovery from the laboratory to the patient and population. Finally, a "litmus test" for evaluating Research studies is proposed, to maximize the efficiency of the Research enterprise and contributions to the promotion of health and the prevention and treatment of disease. A Research study should only be performed if (1) you know what you will conclude from each possible result (whether positive, negative, or null); and (2) the result may change how you would intervene to address a clinical, policy, or public health problem.
M Y Feilzer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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doing mixed methods Research pragmatically implications for the rediscovery of pragmatism as a Research Paradigm
Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 2010Co-Authors: M Y FeilzerAbstract:This article explores the practical relevance of pragmatism as a Research Paradigm through the example of a piece of pragmatic Research that not only used both quantitative and qualitative Research...
Njeri Karanja - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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expanding the obesity Research Paradigm to reach african american communities
Preventing Chronic Disease, 2007Co-Authors: Shiriki K Kumanyika, Melicia C Whittglover, Tiffany L Gary, Elaine T Prewitt, Angela Odomsyoung, Joanne Bankswallace, Bettina M Beech, Chanita Hughes Halbert, Njeri KaranjaAbstract:Obesity is more prevalent among African Americans and other racial and ethnic minority populations than among whites. The behaviors that determine weight status are embedded in the core social and cultural processes and environments of day-to-day life in these populations. Therefore, identifying effective, sustainable solutions to obesity requires an ecological model that is inclusive of relevant contextual variables. Race and ethnicity are potent stratification variables in U.S. society and strongly influence life contexts, including many aspects that relate to eating and physical activity behaviors. This article describes a synthesis initiated by the African American Collaborative Obesity Research Network (AACORN) to build and broaden the obesity Research Paradigm. The focus is on African Americans, but the expanded Paradigm has broader implications and may apply to other populations of color. The synthesis involves both community and Researcher perspectives, drawing on and integrating insights from an expanded set of knowledge domains to promote a deeper understanding of relevant contexts. To augment the traditional, biomedical focus on energy balance, the expanded Paradigm includes insights from family sociology, literature, philosophy, transcultural psychology, marketing, economics, and studies of the built environment. We also emphasize the need for more attention to tensions that may affect African American or other Researchers who identify or are identified as members of the communities they study. This expanded Paradigm, for which development is ongoing, poses new challenges for Researchers who focus on obesity and obesity-related health disparities but also promises discovery of new directions that can lead to new solutions.
Bettina M Beech - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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expanding the obesity Research Paradigm to reach african american communities
Preventing Chronic Disease, 2007Co-Authors: Shiriki K Kumanyika, Melicia C Whittglover, Tiffany L Gary, Elaine T Prewitt, Angela Odomsyoung, Joanne Bankswallace, Bettina M Beech, Chanita Hughes Halbert, Njeri KaranjaAbstract:Obesity is more prevalent among African Americans and other racial and ethnic minority populations than among whites. The behaviors that determine weight status are embedded in the core social and cultural processes and environments of day-to-day life in these populations. Therefore, identifying effective, sustainable solutions to obesity requires an ecological model that is inclusive of relevant contextual variables. Race and ethnicity are potent stratification variables in U.S. society and strongly influence life contexts, including many aspects that relate to eating and physical activity behaviors. This article describes a synthesis initiated by the African American Collaborative Obesity Research Network (AACORN) to build and broaden the obesity Research Paradigm. The focus is on African Americans, but the expanded Paradigm has broader implications and may apply to other populations of color. The synthesis involves both community and Researcher perspectives, drawing on and integrating insights from an expanded set of knowledge domains to promote a deeper understanding of relevant contexts. To augment the traditional, biomedical focus on energy balance, the expanded Paradigm includes insights from family sociology, literature, philosophy, transcultural psychology, marketing, economics, and studies of the built environment. We also emphasize the need for more attention to tensions that may affect African American or other Researchers who identify or are identified as members of the communities they study. This expanded Paradigm, for which development is ongoing, poses new challenges for Researchers who focus on obesity and obesity-related health disparities but also promises discovery of new directions that can lead to new solutions.
