The Experts below are selected from a list of 674985 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Shira M Goldenberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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enhancing the ethical conduct of hiv Research with migrant sex workers human rights policy and social contextual influences
PLOS ONE, 2016Co-Authors: Shira M Goldenberg, Teresita Rocha Jimenez, Kimberly C Brouwer, Sonia Morales Miranda, Monica Rivera MindtAbstract:Background Migrant sex workers are often highly marginalized and disproportionately experience health and social inequities, including high prevalence of HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and human rights violations. In recent years, Research involving migrant sex workers has increased, yet many knowledge gaps remain regarding how best to protect Research participant rights and welfare. Our objective was to identify key challenges and opportunities related to the responsible conduct of HIV Research with migrant sex workers. Methods Focus groups and interviews conducted with 33 female sex workers ≥18 years old at the Guatemala-Mexico border from June 2013–February 2014 were analyzed. Participants were recruited through community outreach by a local HIV prevention organization to sex work establishments such as bars, hotels, street corners, and truck stops. Results Key themes influencing Research engagement for migrant sex workers included Researcher mistrust and fear related to Research Participation, rooted in the social isolation frequently faced by recent migrants; intersecting concerns related to immigration status, fear of criminalization, and compliance with sex work regulations; and perceived benefits and risks of HIV/STI testing for migrants (e.g., immigration implications, stigma) represent potential barriers and opportunities for the responsible conduct of Research involving migrant sex workers. Conclusions Results highlight the intersection between the human rights vulnerabilities of migrant sex workers and barriers to Research Participation, including social isolation of migrants and policy/legal barriers related to immigration and sex work. Findings illustrate the need for Researchers to develop population-tailored procedures to address fears related to immigration and criminalization, and to reinforce positive and non-stigmatizing relationships with migrant sex workers. Community-led efforts to reduce stigma and foster community organization and supports for migrant sex workers are recommended, as are broader policy shifts that move away from punitive legal approaches towards approaches that safeguard and prioritize the human rights of migrant sex workers.
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structural and interpersonal benefits and risks of Participation in hiv Research perspectives of female sex workers in guatemala
Ethics & Behavior, 2015Co-Authors: Shira M Goldenberg, Monica Rivera Mindt, Teresita Rocha Jimenez, Kimberly C Brouwer, Sonia Morales Miranda, Celia B FisherAbstract:This study explored perceived benefits and risks of Participation in HIV Research among 33 female sex workers in Tecun Uman, Guatemala. Stigma associated with sex work and HIV was a critical barrier to Research Participation. Key benefits of Participation included access to HIV/STI prevention and testing, as well as positive and trusting relationships between sex workers and Research teams. Control exerted by managers had mixed influences on perceived Research risks and benefits. Results underscore the critical need for HIV investigators to develop population-tailored procedures to reduce stigma, engage managers, and reinforce trusting, reciprocal relationships between sex work communities and Researchers.
Randall E. Marcus - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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does Research Participation make a difference in residency training
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 2014Co-Authors: Jonathan B. Macknin, Amy E. Brown, Randall E. MarcusAbstract:The American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery requirements state that an orthopaedic residency must offer at least 5 years of clinical education and some exposure to Research. To expose residents to basic Research, some programs, including ours, have a Research track that allows for 1 year of basic science Research. The degree to which Research productivity during residency—which may be something that can perhaps be influenced by interventions like Research tracks during residency—affects residency graduates’ future Research contributions is unknown. Our Research goals were to determine whether (1) residents who published in a peer-reviewed journal during residency were more likely to publish in their careers after graduation; (2) residents who participated in an elective Research year were more likely to publish at least one paper in a peer-reviewed journal during residency; and (3) residents who participated in the Research year were more likely to choose academic careers. Using questionnaires, online PubMed searches, and office contact, the career paths (academic versus private practice) and publications in peer-reviewed journals of all 122 Case Western Reserve University orthopaedics residents who completed training from 1987 to 2006 were analyzed. Seventy-five percent of residents who published peer-reviewed Research during residency continued with peer-reviewed publications in their careers versus 55% of residents who did not publish during residency (p = 0.02). No difference in career paths was observed between the Case Western Reserve University Research and traditional track-trained surgeons. During residency, however, Research track-trained surgeons were more likely to publish in peer-reviewed journals (71% versus 41% of traditional track-trained surgeons, p < 0.01). Residents who publish in a peer-reviewed journal during residency are more likely to continue publishing in their future careers as orthopaedic surgeons. Future studies are needed to elucidate the causative factors in the association between publishing in a peer-reviewed journal during training and further contributions later in an orthopaedic surgeon’s career.
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Does Research Participation Make a Difference in Residency Training
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 2013Co-Authors: Jonathan B. Macknin, Amy E. Brown, Randall E. MarcusAbstract:Background The American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery requirements state that an orthopaedic residency must offer at least 5 years of clinical education and some exposure to Research. To expose residents to basic Research, some programs, including ours, have a Research track that allows for 1 year of basic science Research. The degree to which Research productivity during residency—which may be something that can perhaps be influenced by interventions like Research tracks during residency—affects residency graduates’ future Research contributions is unknown.
Diana Elbourne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Research Participation effects a skeleton in the methodological cupboard
Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 2014Co-Authors: Jim Mccambridge, Kypros Kypri, Diana ElbourneAbstract:Objective There have been concerns about impacts of various aspects of taking part in Research studies for a century. The concerns have not, however, been sufficiently well conceptualized to form traditions of study capable of defining and elaborating the nature of these problems. In this article we present a new way of thinking about a set of issues attracting long-standing attention.
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systematic review of the hawthorne effect new concepts are needed to study Research Participation effects
Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 2014Co-Authors: Jim Mccambridge, Joh Witto, Diana ElbourneAbstract:Objectives: This study aims to (1) elucidate whether the Hawthorne effect exists, (2) explore under what conditions, and (3) estimate the size of any such effect. Study Design and Setting: This systematic review summarizes and evaluates the strength of available evidence on the Hawthorne effect. An inclusive definition of any form of Research artifact on behavior using this label, and without cointerventions, was adopted. Results: Nineteen purposively designed studies were included, providing quantitative data on the size of the effect in eight randomized controlled trials, five quasiexperimental studies, and six observational evaluations of reporting on one’s behavior by answering questions or being directly observed and being aware of being studied. Although all but one study was undertaken within health sciences, study methods, contexts, and findings were highly heterogeneous. Most studies reported some evidence of an effect, although significant biases are judged likely because of the complexity of the evaluation object. Conclusion: Consequences of Research Participation for behaviors being investigated do exist, although little can be securely known about the conditions under which they operate, their mechanisms of effects, or their magnitudes. New concepts are needed to guide empirical studies. 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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In randomization we trust? There are overlooked problems in experimenting with people in behavioral intervention trials.
Journal of clinical epidemiology, 2013Co-Authors: Jim Mccambridge, Kypros Kypri, Diana ElbourneAbstract:Objectives Behavioral intervention trials may be susceptible to poorly understood forms of bias stemming from Research Participation. This article considers how assessment and other prerandomization Research activities may introduce bias that is not fully prevented by randomization.
Jonathan B. Macknin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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does Research Participation make a difference in residency training
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 2014Co-Authors: Jonathan B. Macknin, Amy E. Brown, Randall E. MarcusAbstract:The American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery requirements state that an orthopaedic residency must offer at least 5 years of clinical education and some exposure to Research. To expose residents to basic Research, some programs, including ours, have a Research track that allows for 1 year of basic science Research. The degree to which Research productivity during residency—which may be something that can perhaps be influenced by interventions like Research tracks during residency—affects residency graduates’ future Research contributions is unknown. Our Research goals were to determine whether (1) residents who published in a peer-reviewed journal during residency were more likely to publish in their careers after graduation; (2) residents who participated in an elective Research year were more likely to publish at least one paper in a peer-reviewed journal during residency; and (3) residents who participated in the Research year were more likely to choose academic careers. Using questionnaires, online PubMed searches, and office contact, the career paths (academic versus private practice) and publications in peer-reviewed journals of all 122 Case Western Reserve University orthopaedics residents who completed training from 1987 to 2006 were analyzed. Seventy-five percent of residents who published peer-reviewed Research during residency continued with peer-reviewed publications in their careers versus 55% of residents who did not publish during residency (p = 0.02). No difference in career paths was observed between the Case Western Reserve University Research and traditional track-trained surgeons. During residency, however, Research track-trained surgeons were more likely to publish in peer-reviewed journals (71% versus 41% of traditional track-trained surgeons, p < 0.01). Residents who publish in a peer-reviewed journal during residency are more likely to continue publishing in their future careers as orthopaedic surgeons. Future studies are needed to elucidate the causative factors in the association between publishing in a peer-reviewed journal during training and further contributions later in an orthopaedic surgeon’s career.
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Does Research Participation Make a Difference in Residency Training
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 2013Co-Authors: Jonathan B. Macknin, Amy E. Brown, Randall E. MarcusAbstract:Background The American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery requirements state that an orthopaedic residency must offer at least 5 years of clinical education and some exposure to Research. To expose residents to basic Research, some programs, including ours, have a Research track that allows for 1 year of basic science Research. The degree to which Research productivity during residency—which may be something that can perhaps be influenced by interventions like Research tracks during residency—affects residency graduates’ future Research contributions is unknown.
Nhi Cristina Y Nguyen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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asian americans and pacific islanders perspectives on participating in the care recruitment Research registry for alzheimer s disease and related dementias aging and caregiving Research
Alzheimer's & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions, 2021Co-Authors: Van Ta M Park, Joshua D Grill, Jeanette Zhu, Khue Nguyen, Bora Nam, Janice Y Tsoh, Alka M Kanaya, Quyen Vuong, Joon Bang, Nhi Cristina Y NguyenAbstract:Author(s): Ta Park, Van; Grill, Joshua D; Zhu, Jeanette; Nguyen, Khue; Nam, Bora; Tsoh, Janice; Kanaya, Alka; Vuong, Quyen; Bang, Joon; Nguyen, Nhi Cristina Y; Cho, In Hyang; Gallagher-Thompson, Dolores; Hinton, Ladson; Meyer, Oanh L | Abstract: IntroductionThis study elicited Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders' (AAPI) perspectives about recruitment strategies/messaging for Participation in an aging, Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD), and caregiving Research recruitment registry.MethodsUsing a mixed methods design, CARE (Collaborative Approach for AAPI Research and Education) conducted 14 focus groups (Nn=n123) with AAPI cultural groups (Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, Samoan, Vietnamese) in different languages. Descriptive statistics and thematic qualitative analyses were conducted.ResultsMean age of participants was 54 years (median: 61; range 18-80), 66% were female, and 81% were foreign-born. Themes of consideration for recruitment emerged: (1) culturally/linguistically appropriate outreach in culturally specific spaces, (2) motivations for Research Participation, and (3) approaches to outreach and recruitment methods. Within each of these themes, there were ethnic differences in specific strategies/approaches reflected as subthemes.DiscussionRecruitment and messaging strategies should be tailored uniquely for each targeted AAPI group, with a thorough understanding of the cultural/linguistic factors that facilitate Research Participation to increase AAPI Participation in ADRD, aging, and caregiver-related Research. .