The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Rose Mcgready - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Bernard Yuhor Thong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • World Allergy Organization Guidelines for the Assessment and Management of Anaphylaxis
    World Allergy Organization Journal, 2011
    Co-Authors: F. Estelle R. Simons, Ledit R F Ardusso, Dennis K Ledford, Johannes Ring, Gianenrico Senna, Aziz Sheikh, M. Beatrice Bilò, Yehia M. El-gamal, Mario Sanchez-borges, Bernard Yuhor Thong
    Abstract:

    The illustrated World Allergy Organization (WAO) Anaphylaxis Guidelines were created in response to absence of global guidelines for anaphylaxis. Uniquely, before they were developed, lack of worldwide availability of essentials for the diagnosis and treatment of anaphylaxis was documented. They incorporate contributions from more than 100 allergy/immunology specialists on 6 continents. Recommendations are based on the best evidence available, supported by references published to the end of December 2010. The Guidelines review patient risk factors for severe or fatal anaphylaxis, co-factors that amplify anaphylaxis, and anaphylaxis in vulnerable patients, including pregnant women, infants, the elderly, and those with cardiovascular disease. They focus on the supreme importance of making a prompt clinical diagnosis and on the basic initial treatment that is urgently needed and should be possible even in a low Resource Environment. This involves having a written emergency protocol and rehearsing it regularly; then, as soon as anaphylaxis is diagnosed, promptly and simultaneously calling for help, injecting epinephrine (adrenaline) intramuscularly, and placing the patient on the back or in a position of comfort with the lower extremities elevated. When indicated, additional critically important steps include administering supplemental oxygen and maintaining the airway, establishing intravenous access and giving fluid resuscitation, and initiating cardiopulmonary resuscitation with continuous chest compressions. Vital signs and cardiorespiratory status should be monitored frequently and regularly (preferably, continuously). The Guidelines briefly review management of anaphylaxis refractory to basic initial treatment. They also emphasize preparation of the patient for self-treatment of anaphylaxis recurrences in the community, confirmation of anaphylaxis triggers, and prevention of recurrences through trigger avoidance and immunomodulation. Novel strategies for dissemination and implementation are summarized. A global agenda for anaphylaxis research is proposed.

  • world allergy organization anaphylaxis guidelines summary
    The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Estelle F R Simons, Ledit R F Ardusso, Beatrice M Bilo, Yehia M Elgamal, Dennis K Ledford, Johannes Ring, M Sanchezborges, Gianenrico Senna, Aziz Sheikh, Bernard Yuhor Thong
    Abstract:

    The uniqueWorld Allergy Organization (WAO) Guidelines for the Assessment and Management of Anaphylaxis were created in response to the absence of global guidelines for anaphylaxis. They were developed after documenting that essential medications, supplies, and equipment for assessment andmanagement of anaphylaxis are not universally available worldwide. Additionally, they were developed with the awareness that any health care professional might, at some time, have to assess and manage anaphylaxis in a low-Resource Environment, whether this be a country, a region, or a specific location, such as an aircraft cabin or a remote area. They incorporate contributions frommore than 100 allergy/immunology specialists on 6 continents received through the WAO member societies and the WAO Board of Directors. In order to transcend language barriers, the principles of anaphylaxis assessment and management set forth in the guidelines are summarized in 5 comprehensive illustrations. The guidelines review patients’ risk factors for severe or fatal anaphylaxis, cofactors that amplify anaphylaxis, and anaphylaxis in vulnerable patients, such as pregnant women, infants, and the

Hermann Ney - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • generating synthetic audio data for attention based speech recognition systems
    International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing, 2020
    Co-Authors: Nick Rossenbach, Albert Zeyer, Ralf Schluter, Hermann Ney
    Abstract:

    Recent advances in text-to-speech (TTS) led to the development of flexible multi-speaker end-to-end TTS systems. We extend state-of-the-art attention-based automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems with synthetic audio generated by a TTS system trained only on the ASR corpora itself. ASR and TTS systems are built separately to show that text-only data can be used to enhance existing end-to-end ASR systems without the necessity of parameter or architecture changes. We compare our method with language model integration of the same text data and with simple data augmentation methods like SpecAugment and show that performance improvements are mostly independent. We achieve improvements of up to 33% relative in word-error-rate (WER) over a strong baseline with data-augmentation in a low-Resource Environment (LibriSpeech-100h), closing the gap to a comparable oracle experiment by more than 50%. We also show improvements of up to 5% relative WER over our most recent ASR baseline on LibriSpeech-960h.

Katharine N Suding - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • competition and soil Resource Environment alter plant soil feedbacks for native and exotic grasses
    Aob Plants, 2015
    Co-Authors: Loralee Larios, Katharine N Suding
    Abstract:

    Feedbacks between plants and soil biota are increasingly identified as key determinants of species abundance patterns within plant communities. However, our understanding of how plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs) may contribute to invasions is limited by our understanding of how feedbacks may shift in the light of other ecological processes. Here we assess how the strength of PSFs may shift as soil microbial communities change along a gradient of soil nitrogen (N) availability and how these dynamics may be further altered by the presence of a competitor. We conducted a greenhouse experiment where we grew native Stipa pulchra and exotic Avena fatua, alone and in competition, in soils inoculated with conspecific and heterospecific soil microbial communities conditioned in low, ambient and high N Environments. Stipa pulchra decreased in heterospecific soil and in the presence of a competitor, while the performance of the exotic A. fatua shifted with soil microbial communities from altered N Environments. Moreover, competition and soil microbial communities from the high N Environment eliminated the positive PSFs of Stipa. Our results highlight the importance of examining how individual PSFs may interact in a broader community context and contribute to the establishment, spread and dominance of invaders.

Antronette K Yancey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • african americans access to healthy food options in south los angeles restaurants
    American Journal of Public Health, 2005
    Co-Authors: La Vonna B. Lewis, David C Sloane, Lori Miller Nascimento, Joyce Jones Guinyard, Allison Diamant, Antronette K Yancey, Gwendolyn Flynn
    Abstract:

    Objectives. We examined availability and food options at restaurants in less affluent (target area) and more affluent (comparison area) areas of Los Angeles County to compare residents’ access to healthy meals prepared and purchased away from home. We also considered Environmental prompts that encourage the purchase of various foods. Methods. We designed an instrument to assess the availability, quality, and preparation of food in restaurants. We also assessed advertisements and promotions, cleanliness, and service for each restaurant. We assessed 659 restaurants: 348 in the target area and 311 in the comparison area. Results. The nutritional Resource Environment in our target area makes it challenging for residents to eat healthy away from home. Poorer neighborhoods with a higher proportion of African American residents have fewer healthy options available, both in food selections and in food preparation; restaurants in these neighborhoods heavily promote unhealthy food options to residents. Conclusions. Environment is important in understanding health status: support for the healthy lifestyle associated with lower risks for disease is difficult in poorer communities with a higher proportion of African American residents. (Am J Public Health. 2005;95:668‐673. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.050260)

  • improving the nutritional Resource Environment for healthy living through community based participatory research
    Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2003
    Co-Authors: David C Sloane, La Vonna B. Lewis, Lori Miller Nascimento, Joyce Jones Guinyard, Gwendolyn Flynn, Allison Diamant, Antronette K Yancey, William J. Mccarthy, Michael R. Cousineau
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVES: To build health promotion capacity among community residents through a community-based participatory model, and to apply this model to study the nutritional Environment of an urban area to better understand the role of such Resources in residents’ efforts to live a healthy life.

  • Improving the nutritional Resource Environment for healthy living through community-based participatory research
    Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2003
    Co-Authors: David C Sloane, Allison L. Diamant, La Vonna B. Lewis, Lori Miller Nascimento, Joyce Jones Guinyard, Gwendolyn Flynn, Antronette K Yancey, William J. Mccarthy, Michael R. Cousineau
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVES To build health promotion capacity among community residents through a community-based participatory model, and to apply this model to study the nutritional Environment of an urban area to better understand the role of such Resources in residents' efforts to live a healthy life. DESIGN A multiphase collaborative study that inventoried selected markets in targeted areas of high African-American concentration in comparison with markets in a contrasting wealthier area with fewer African Americans. SETTING A community study set in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. PARTICIPANTS African-American community organizations and community residents in the target areas. INTERVENTIONS Two surveys of market inventories were conducted. The first was a single-sheet form profiling store conditions and the availability of a small selection of healthy foods. The second provided detailed information on whether the store offered fruit, vegetables, low-fat dairy products, dried goods and other items necessary for residents to consume a nutritious diet. RESULTS The targeted areas were significantly less likely to have important items for living a healthier life. The variety and quality of fresh fruit and vegetable produce was significantly lower in the target areas. Such products as 1% milk, skim milk, low-fat and nonfat cheese, soy milk, tofu, whole grain pasta and breads, and low-fat meat and poultry items were significantly less available. CONCLUSIONS Healthy food products were significantly less available in the target areas. The authors conclude from these results that the health disparities experienced by African-American communities have origins that extend beyond the health delivery system and individual behaviors inasmuch as adherence to the healthy lifestyle associated with low chronic disease risk is more difficult in Resource-poor neighborhoods than in Resource-rich ones.