The Experts below are selected from a list of 315 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Phil Reed - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Retention Period differentially attenuates win shift lose stay relative to win stay lose shift performance in the rat
Learning & Behavior, 2018Co-Authors: Phil ReedAbstract:Hungry rats were trained in a two-lever conditioning chamber to earn food reinforcement according to either a win–shift/lose–stay or a win–stay/lose–shift contingency. Performance on the two contingencies was similar when there was little delay between the initial, information part of the trial (i.e., win or lose) and the choice portion of the trial (i.e., stay or shift with respect to the lever presented in the information stage). However, when a delay between the information and choice portions of the trial was introduced, subjects experiencing the win–shift/lose–stay contingency performed worse than subjects experiencing the alternative contingency. In particular, the lose–stay rule was differentially negatively impacted relative to the other rules. This result is difficult for ecological or response interference accounts to explain.
Claudia D. Tesche - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Frontal theta activity in humans increases with memory load in a working memory task.
The European journal of neuroscience, 2002Co-Authors: Ole Jensen, Claudia D. TescheAbstract:Recent theoretical work has suggested that brain oscillations in the theta band are involved in active maintenance and recall of working memory representations. To test this theoretical framework we recorded neuromagnetic responses from 10 subjects performing the Sternberg task. Subjects were required to retain a list of 1, 3, 5 or 7 visually presented digits during a 3-s Retention Period. During the Retention Period we observed ongoing frontal theta activity in the 7-8.5-Hz band recorded by sensors over frontal brain areas. The activity in the theta band increased parametrically with the number of items retained in working memory. A time-frequency analysis revealed that the task-dependent theta was present during the Retention Period and during memory scanning. Following the memory task the theta activity was reduced. These results suggest that theta oscillations generated in frontal brain regions play an active role in memory maintenance.
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SHORT COMMUNICATION Frontal theta activity in humans increases with memory load in a working memory task
European Journal of Neuroscience, 2002Co-Authors: Ole Jensen, Claudia D. TescheAbstract:Recent theoretical work has suggested that brain oscillations in the theta band are involved in active maintenance and recall of working memory representations. To test this theoretical framework we recorded neuromagnetic responses from 10 subjects performing the Sternberg task. Subjects were required to retain a list of 1, 3, 5 or 7 visually presented digits during a 3-s Retention Period. During the Retention Period we observed ongoing frontal theta activity in the 7‐8.5-Hz band recorded by sensors over frontal brain areas. The activity in the theta band increased parametrically with the number of items retained in working memory. A time‐frequency analysis revealed that the task-dependent theta was present during the Retention Period and during memory scanning. Following the memory task the theta activity was reduced. These results suggest that theta oscillations generated in frontal brain regions play an active role in memory maintenance.
B Garba - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of temperature and Retention Period on biogas production from lignocellulosic material
Renewable Energy, 1996Co-Authors: B GarbaAbstract:The extensive utilization of biogas for energy needs of rural dwellers would reduce their dependence on fossil fuels and fuelwoods and henoe camplement Government afforestation programes. In this investigation, effect of temperature and Retention Period on biogas production from lignooellulosic material, hereafter referred to as cow dung were studied. Maximum gas production was dotained at thermophilic temperature. The results of the effect of Retention Period shows that gas production was qotimum at 4th and 7th weeks of production.
Ole Jensen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Frontal theta activity in humans increases with memory load in a working memory task.
The European journal of neuroscience, 2002Co-Authors: Ole Jensen, Claudia D. TescheAbstract:Recent theoretical work has suggested that brain oscillations in the theta band are involved in active maintenance and recall of working memory representations. To test this theoretical framework we recorded neuromagnetic responses from 10 subjects performing the Sternberg task. Subjects were required to retain a list of 1, 3, 5 or 7 visually presented digits during a 3-s Retention Period. During the Retention Period we observed ongoing frontal theta activity in the 7-8.5-Hz band recorded by sensors over frontal brain areas. The activity in the theta band increased parametrically with the number of items retained in working memory. A time-frequency analysis revealed that the task-dependent theta was present during the Retention Period and during memory scanning. Following the memory task the theta activity was reduced. These results suggest that theta oscillations generated in frontal brain regions play an active role in memory maintenance.
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SHORT COMMUNICATION Frontal theta activity in humans increases with memory load in a working memory task
European Journal of Neuroscience, 2002Co-Authors: Ole Jensen, Claudia D. TescheAbstract:Recent theoretical work has suggested that brain oscillations in the theta band are involved in active maintenance and recall of working memory representations. To test this theoretical framework we recorded neuromagnetic responses from 10 subjects performing the Sternberg task. Subjects were required to retain a list of 1, 3, 5 or 7 visually presented digits during a 3-s Retention Period. During the Retention Period we observed ongoing frontal theta activity in the 7‐8.5-Hz band recorded by sensors over frontal brain areas. The activity in the theta band increased parametrically with the number of items retained in working memory. A time‐frequency analysis revealed that the task-dependent theta was present during the Retention Period and during memory scanning. Following the memory task the theta activity was reduced. These results suggest that theta oscillations generated in frontal brain regions play an active role in memory maintenance.
Norbert Dichtl - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Thermophilic and Mesophilic (Two‐Stage) Anaerobic Digestion
Water and Environment Journal, 1997Co-Authors: Norbert DichtlAbstract:The objectives of sludge stabilization include (a) the degradation of organic matter, (b) a reduction of solid matter, (c) a decrease in the number of pathogenic organisms, (d) an improvement of dewaterability, and (e) the production of biogas. The anaerobic digestion of organic substances normally proceeds in four stages, and the various microorganisms which are involved in microbial metabolism have different ambient conditions for their optimum mode of operation. This can be achieved, for example, by splitting the process technique into two stages. In order to achieve disinfection, a primary thermophilic stage with 1–3 days’Retention is followed by anaerobic degradation under mesophilic conditions having a Retention Period of 10–15 days. The combined Retention Period of about 15 days for this two-stage combined sludge stabilization process is compared with the results of single-stage mesophilic digestion with a Retention Period of 20 to 30 days.
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Thermophilic and mesophilic (two-stage) anaerobic digestion : Innovative technologies for sludge utilization and disposal
Journal of The Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management, 1997Co-Authors: Norbert DichtlAbstract:The objectives of sludge stabilization include (a) the degradation of organic matter, (b) a reduction of solid matter, (c) a decrease in the number of pathogenic organisms, (d) an improvement of dewaterability, and (e) the production of biogas. The anaerobic digestion of organic substances normally proceeds in four stages, and the various microorganisms which are involved in microbial metabolism have different ambient conditions for their optimum mode of operation. This can be achieved, for example, by splitting the process technique into two stages. In order to achieve disinfection, a primary thermophilic stage with 1-3 days' Retention is followed by anaerobic degradation under mesophilic conditions having a Retention Period of 10-15 days. The combined Retention Period of about 15 days for this two-stage combined sludge stabilization process is compared with the results of single-stage mesophilic digestion with a Retention Period of 20 to 30 days.
