The Experts below are selected from a list of 246 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Kathleen C Flanders - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Austin Rountree - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Biochemical adaptations of the retina and Retinal Pigment Epithelium support a metabolic ecosystem in the vertebrate eye
    eLife, 2017
    Co-Authors: Mark A Kanow, Michelle M Giarmarco, Connor Sr Jankowski, Kristine Tsantilas, Abbi L Engel, Jianhai Du, Stephanie R Sloat, Christopher C. Farnsworth, Jonathan D Linton, Austin Rountree
    Abstract:

    Here we report multiple lines of evidence for a comprehensive model of energy metabolism in the vertebrate eye. Metabolic flux, locations of key enzymes, and our finding that glucose enters mouse and zebrafish retinas mostly through photoreceptors support a conceptually new model for Retinal metabolism. In this model, glucose from the choroidal blood passes through the Retinal Pigment Epithelium to the retina where photoreceptors convert it to lactate. Photoreceptors then export the lactate as fuel for the Retinal Pigment Epithelium and for neighboring Müller glial cells. We used human Retinal epithelial cells to show that lactate can suppress consumption of glucose by the Retinal Pigment Epithelium. Suppression of glucose consumption in the Retinal Pigment Epithelium can increase the amount of glucose that reaches the retina. This framework for understanding metabolic relationships in the vertebrate retina provides new insights into the underlying causes of Retinal disease and age-related vision loss.

Shizuya Saika - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Mark A Kanow - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Biochemical Adaptations Of The Retina And Retinal Pigment Epithelium Support A Metabolic Ecosystem In The Vertebrate Eye
    bioRxiv, 2017
    Co-Authors: Mark A Kanow, Michelle M Giarmarco, Kristine Tsantilas, Abbi L Engel, Jianhai Du, Stephanie R Sloat, Christopher C. Farnsworth, Jonathan D Linton, Connor Jankowski, Ken J. Lindsay
    Abstract:

    Here we report multiple lines of evidence for a comprehensive model for Retinal energy metabolism. Metabolic flux, locations of key enzymes and our finding that glucose enters the neural retina almost entirely through photoreceptors support a conceptually new model for Retinal metabolism. In this model, glucose from the choroidal blood supply passes through the Retinal Pigment Epithelium to the retina where photoreceptors convert it to lactate. Photoreceptors then export the lactate as fuel for the Retinal Pigment Epithelium and for neighboring Muller glial cells. A key feature of this model is that aerobic glycolysis in photoreceptors produces lactate to suppress glycolysis in the neighboring Retinal Pigment Epithelium. That enhances the flow of glucose to the retina by minimizing consumption of glucose within the Retinal Pigment Epithelium. This framework for metabolic relationships in retina provides new insights into the underlying causes of Retinal disease, age-related vision loss and metabolism-based therapies.

  • Biochemical adaptations of the retina and Retinal Pigment Epithelium support a metabolic ecosystem in the vertebrate eye
    eLife, 2017
    Co-Authors: Mark A Kanow, Michelle M Giarmarco, Connor Sr Jankowski, Kristine Tsantilas, Abbi L Engel, Jianhai Du, Stephanie R Sloat, Christopher C. Farnsworth, Jonathan D Linton, Austin Rountree
    Abstract:

    Here we report multiple lines of evidence for a comprehensive model of energy metabolism in the vertebrate eye. Metabolic flux, locations of key enzymes, and our finding that glucose enters mouse and zebrafish retinas mostly through photoreceptors support a conceptually new model for Retinal metabolism. In this model, glucose from the choroidal blood passes through the Retinal Pigment Epithelium to the retina where photoreceptors convert it to lactate. Photoreceptors then export the lactate as fuel for the Retinal Pigment Epithelium and for neighboring Müller glial cells. We used human Retinal epithelial cells to show that lactate can suppress consumption of glucose by the Retinal Pigment Epithelium. Suppression of glucose consumption in the Retinal Pigment Epithelium can increase the amount of glucose that reaches the retina. This framework for understanding metabolic relationships in the vertebrate retina provides new insights into the underlying causes of Retinal disease and age-related vision loss.

Marco A. Zarbin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Short-term study of Retinal Pigment Epithelium sheet transplants onto Bruch's membrane
    Experimental Eye Research, 2020
    Co-Authors: Hao Wang, Fumihiko Yagi, Noounanong Cheewatrakoolpong, Ilene K. Sugino, Marco A. Zarbin
    Abstract:

    The purpose of this study is to investigate the survival and behaviour of Retinal Pigment Epithelium sheets transplanted onto hydraulically debrided Bruch's membrane. Uncultured Retinal Pigment Epithelium sheets obtained from male cats and sandwiched between two gelatin sheets were transplanted onto the tapetal area of female cats after native Retinal Pigment Epithelium was debrided. For controls, the gelatin carrier was transplanted after debridement. Each transplant or control specimen was analyzed histologically and immunohistochemically. Transplanted male Retinal Pigment epithelial cells were identified by in situ labelling of the cat Y chromosome. Over half of the transplants appeared as Retinal Pigment Epithelium multilayers in the subRetinal space. Retinal Pigment Epithelium Pigment dispersion into the subRetinal space was seen in most of the transplants, and Retinal Pigment Epithelium Pigment infiltration into the neural retina was seen in all 7-day survival transplants. A few condensed darkly stained Retinal Pigment Epithelium nuclei and Terminal Transferase dUTP Nick End Labelling-positive Retinal Pigment Epithelium cells were observed in all transplants. Cellular Retinaldehyde-binding protein was present up to day-7 in most transplanted RPE cells. In both transplant and control specimens, the antibody against the Ki-67 nuclear antigen labelled a few Retinal Pigment Epithelium cells at day-3. Terminal Transferase dUTP Nick End Labelling-positive outer nuclear layer nuclei were most frequently observed at day-1 but were much less frequent at day-3 in both transplants and controls. The survival and effectiveness of Retinal Pigment Epithelium sheet transplants appeared similar to the Retinal Pigment Epithelium microaggregates transplants conducted previously in this model.

  • Short-term study of Retinal Pigment Epithelium sheet transplants onto Bruch's membrane
    Experimental Eye Research, 2004
    Co-Authors: Hao Wang, Fumihiko Yagi, Noounanong Cheewatrakoolpong, Ilene K. Sugino, Marco A. Zarbin
    Abstract:

    The purpose of this study is to investigate the survival and behaviour of Retinal Pigment Epithelium sheets transplanted onto hydraulically debrided Bruch's membrane. Uncultured Retinal Pigment Epithelium sheets obtained from male cats and sandwiched between two gelatin sheets were transplanted onto the tapetal area of female cats after native Retinal Pigment Epithelium was debrided. For controls, the gelatin carrier was transplanted after debridement. Each transplant or control specimen was analyzed histologically and immunohistochemically. Transplanted male Retinal Pigment epithelial cells were identified by in situ labelling of the cat Y chromosome. Over half of the transplants appeared as Retinal Pigment Epithelium multilayers in the subRetinal space. Retinal Pigment Epithelium Pigment dispersion into the subRetinal space was seen in most of the transplants, and Retinal Pigment Epithelium Pigment infiltration into the neural retina was seen in all 7-day survival transplants. A few condensed darkly stained Retinal Pigment Epithelium nuclei and Terminal Transferase dUTP Nick End Labelling-positive Retinal Pigment Epithelium cells were observed in all transplants. Cellular Retinaldehyde-binding protein was present up to day-7 in most transplanted RPE cells. In both transplant and control specimens, the antibody against the Ki-67 nuclear antigen labelled a few Retinal Pigment Epithelium cells at day-3. Terminal Transferase dUTP Nick End Labelling-positive outer nuclear layer nuclei were most frequently observed at day-1 but were much less frequent at day-3 in both transplants and controls. The survival and effectiveness of Retinal Pigment Epithelium sheet transplants appeared similar to the Retinal Pigment Epithelium microaggregates transplants conducted previously in this model. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.