The Experts below are selected from a list of 13335 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Yin Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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architecture of buried Reverse Fault zone in the sedimentary basin a case study from the hong che Fault zone of the junggar basin
Journal of Structural Geology, 2017Co-Authors: Yin Liu, Xi Wang, Bo Liu, Jianxun GuoAbstract:Abstract It is widely accepted that the Faults can act as the conduits or the barrier for oil and gas migration. Years of studies suggested that the internal architecture of a Fault zone is complicated and composed of distinct components with different physical features, which can highly influence the migration of oil and gas along the Fault. The field observation is the most useful methods of observing the Fault zone architecture, however, in the petroleum exploration, what should be concerned is the buried Faults in the sedimentary basin. Meanwhile, most of the studies put more attention on the strike-slip or normal Faults, but the architecture of the Reverse Faults attracts less attention. In order to solve these questions, the Hong-Che Fault Zone in the northwest margin of the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang Province, is chosen for an example. Combining with the seismic data, well logs and drill core data, we put forward a comprehensive method to recognize the internal architectures of buried Faults. High-precision seismic data reflect that the Fault zone shows up as a disturbed seismic reflection belt. Four types of well logs, which are sensitive to the fractures, and a comprehensive discriminated parameter, named Fault zone index are used in identifying the Fault zone architecture. Drill core provides a direct way to identify different components of the Fault zone, the Fault core is composed of breccia, gouge, and serpentinized or foliated Fault rocks and the damage zone develops multiphase of fractures, which are usually cemented. Based on the recognition results, we found that there is an obvious positive relationship between the width of the Fault zone and the displacement, and the power-law relationship also exists between the width of the Fault core and damage zone. The width of the damage zone in the hanging wall is not apparently larger than that in the footwall in the Reverse Fault, showing different characteristics with the normal Fault. This study provides a comprehensive method in identifying the architecture of buried Faults in the sedimentary basin and would be helpful in evaluating the Fault sealing behavior.
Jianxun Guo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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architecture of buried Reverse Fault zone in the sedimentary basin a case study from the hong che Fault zone of the junggar basin
Journal of Structural Geology, 2017Co-Authors: Yin Liu, Xi Wang, Bo Liu, Jianxun GuoAbstract:Abstract It is widely accepted that the Faults can act as the conduits or the barrier for oil and gas migration. Years of studies suggested that the internal architecture of a Fault zone is complicated and composed of distinct components with different physical features, which can highly influence the migration of oil and gas along the Fault. The field observation is the most useful methods of observing the Fault zone architecture, however, in the petroleum exploration, what should be concerned is the buried Faults in the sedimentary basin. Meanwhile, most of the studies put more attention on the strike-slip or normal Faults, but the architecture of the Reverse Faults attracts less attention. In order to solve these questions, the Hong-Che Fault Zone in the northwest margin of the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang Province, is chosen for an example. Combining with the seismic data, well logs and drill core data, we put forward a comprehensive method to recognize the internal architectures of buried Faults. High-precision seismic data reflect that the Fault zone shows up as a disturbed seismic reflection belt. Four types of well logs, which are sensitive to the fractures, and a comprehensive discriminated parameter, named Fault zone index are used in identifying the Fault zone architecture. Drill core provides a direct way to identify different components of the Fault zone, the Fault core is composed of breccia, gouge, and serpentinized or foliated Fault rocks and the damage zone develops multiphase of fractures, which are usually cemented. Based on the recognition results, we found that there is an obvious positive relationship between the width of the Fault zone and the displacement, and the power-law relationship also exists between the width of the Fault core and damage zone. The width of the damage zone in the hanging wall is not apparently larger than that in the footwall in the Reverse Fault, showing different characteristics with the normal Fault. This study provides a comprehensive method in identifying the architecture of buried Faults in the sedimentary basin and would be helpful in evaluating the Fault sealing behavior.
Abbas Ghalandarzadeh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Centrifuge experiments for shallow tunnels at active Reverse Fault intersection
Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering, 2020Co-Authors: Mehdi Sabagh, Abbas GhalandarzadehAbstract:Tunnels extend in large stretches with continuous lengths of up to hundreds of kilometers which are vulnerable to Faulting in earthquake-prone areas. Assessing the interaction of soil and tunnel at an intersection with an active Fault during an earthquake can be a beneficial guideline for tunnel design engineers. Here, a series of 4 centrifuge tests are planned and tested on continuous tunnels. Dip-slip surface Faulting in Reverse mechanism of 60-degree is modeled by a Fault simulator box in a quasi-static manner. Failure mechanism, progression and locations of damages to the tunnels are assessed through a gradual increase in Permanent Ground Displacement (PGD). The ground surface deformations and strains, Fault surface trace, Fault scarp and the sinkhole caused by Fault movement are observed here. These ground surface deformations are major threats to stability, safety and serviceability of the structures. According to the observations, the modeled tunnels are vulnerable to Reverse Fault rupture and but the functionality loss is not abrupt, and the tunnel will be able to tolerate some Fault displacements. By monitoring the progress of damage states by increasing PGD, the fragility curves corresponding to each damage state were plotted and interpreted in related figures.
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centrifuge modeling of Reverse Fault rupture propagation through single layered and stratified soil
Engineering Geology, 2019Co-Authors: Naser Tali, Gholam Reza Lashkaripour, Naser Hafezi Moghadas, Abbas GhalandarzadehAbstract:Abstract Many buildings have been built over active Faults. Surface Faulting as a main effect of earthquakes can cause damage such buildings. Properties of material over bedrock affect the pattern of rupture propagation through deposits and the width of the rupture zone on ground surface. Several researchers have primarily studied Fault rupture propagation patterns on single-layered granular soil; however, natural geologic deposits are rarely homogeneous and uniform, but mostly consist of different layers. In this study, centrifuge model tests were conducted to investigate the patterns of Reverse Fault rupture propagation through single and double-layered soil stratum. It was observed that the soil type and sequence of layers affected the Fault rupture propagation pattern as well as the surface rupture zone. The results show that the width of deformation zone tends to decrease in stiffer soil in compare to softer soil. These findings may help to produce a framework for predicting the occurrence and geometry of surface Fault rupture zone that, can help us to define a setback zone, which is a major concern in building codes.
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Centrifuge modeling of shallow embedded foundations subjected to Reverse Fault rupture
Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 2016Co-Authors: M. Ashtiani, Abbas Ghalandarzadeh, Ikuo TowhataAbstract:Although the performance of surface, piled, and caisson foundations has been investigated against a large tectonic dislocation from a dip-slip Fault, to date, the embedment depth has not been clearly considered on the behavior of shallow foundations subjected to dip-slip Faulting. This paper presents a series of centrifuge model tests to investigate the effects of foundation embedment depth and contact pressure on the interaction of Reverse Faults and shallow foundations embedded at a depth of D. The effect of embedment depth on the behavior of a foundation was observed by comparing the results of the embedded foundation tests with those of surface foundation tests. The depth of the embedment, acting as a kinematic constraint, prevents the occurrence of sliding at the foundation–soil interface and consequently leads to significant foundation rotation and translation. Moreover, embedding the foundation causes the mechanism of the Fault rupture – foundation interaction to change. The effect of contact press...
James M Scott - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Reactivation of normal Faults as high-angle Reverse Faults due to low frictional strength: Experimental data from the Moonlight Fault Zone, New Zealand
Journal of Structural Geology, 2017Co-Authors: Steven A F Smith, James M Scott, Telemaco Tesei, Cristiano CollettiniAbstract:Abstract Large normal Faults are frequently reactivated as high-angle Reverse Faults during basin inversion. Elevated fluid pressure is commonly invoked to explain high-angle Reverse slip. Analogue and numerical modeling have demonstrated that frictional weakening may also promote high-angle Reverse slip, but there are currently no frictional strength measurements available for Fault rocks collected from large high-angle Reverse Faults. To test the hypothesis that frictional weakening could facilitate high-angle Reverse slip, we performed single- and double-direct friction experiments on Fault rocks collected from the Moonlight Fault Zone in New Zealand, a basin-bounding normal Fault zone that was reactivated as a high-angle Reverse Fault (present-day dip angle 60°–75°). The Fault core is exposed in quartzofeldspathic schists exhumed from c. 4–8 km depth and contains a
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Fault zone structure and weakening processes in basin scale Reverse Faults the moonlight Fault zone south island new zealand
Journal of Structural Geology, 2016Co-Authors: S Alder, Steven A F Smith, James M ScottAbstract:Abstract The >200 km long Moonlight Fault Zone (MFZ) in southern New Zealand was an Oligocene basin-bounding normal Fault zone that reactivated in the Miocene as a high-angle Reverse Fault (present dip angle 65 ° –75 ° ). Regional exhumation in the last c. 5 Ma has resulted in deep exposures of the MFZ that present an opportunity to study the structure and deformation processes that were active in a basin-scale Reverse Fault at basement depths. Syn-rift sediments are preserved only as thin Fault-bound slivers. The hanging wall and footwall of the MFZ are mainly greenschist facies quartzofeldspathic schists that have a steeply-dipping (55 ° –75 ° ) foliation subparallel to the main Fault trace. In more fissile lithologies (e.g. greyschists), hanging-wall deformation occurred by the development of foliation-parallel breccia layers up to a few centimetres thick. Greyschists in the footwall deformed mainly by folding and formation of tabular, foliation-parallel breccias up to 1 m wide. Where the hanging-wall contains more competent lithologies (e.g. greenschist facies metabasite) it is laced with networks of pseudotachylyte that formed parallel to the host rock foliation in a damage zone extending up to 500 m from the main Fault trace. The Fault core contains an up to 20 m thick sequence of breccias, cataclasites and foliated cataclasites preserving evidence for the progressive development of interconnected networks of (partly authigenic) chlorite and muscovite. Deformation in the Fault core occurred by cataclasis of quartz and albite, frictional sliding of chlorite and muscovite grains, and dissolution-precipitation. Combined with published friction and permeability data, our observations suggest that: 1) host rock lithology and anisotropy were the primary controls on the structure of the MFZ at basement depths and 2) high-angle Reverse slip was facilitated by the low frictional strength of Fault core materials. Restriction of pseudotachylyte networks to the hanging-wall of the MFZ further suggests that the wide, phyllosilicate-rich Fault core acted as an efficient hydrological barrier, resulting in a relatively hydrous footwall and Fault core but a relatively dry hanging-wall.
Hanlin Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Origin of Cenozoic ‘Reverse Faults’ in northeastern China—an example from the Rongxintun Fault in the Liaohe basin, China
Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2004Co-Authors: Hanlin Chen, Shufeng Yang, Jia Chengzao, Hongbin Sun, Xiaogan ChengAbstract:Abstract In northeastern China, Cenozoic ‘Reverse Faults’ can be found in most basins. It was proposed that these Faults were the products of inversion tectonics during a Cenozoic regional compressional event. This explanation is inconsistent with regional structures that are dominated by normal Faults on seismic profile. As a typical example, the Rongxintun Fault in northeastern Liaohe basin is systemically analyzed on the basis of deformation style, sedimentary character, and systemic mapping using seismic data. We conclude that the Rongxintun Fault was related to right-lateral strike slipping of the Yannan main Fault during the late Paleogene when the Dongying deposition occurred, and it was a secondary right-lateral/Reverse Fault (P Plane Fault) of the Yannan strike-slip Fault system. The fold was a Fault related fold formed as a result of movement along the Rongxintun Fault. According to this analysis of the Rongxintun Fault, we conclude that the Cenozoic ‘Reverse Fault’ in northeastern China was a secondary right-lateral/Reverse Fault of a strike-slip Fault system and did not represent a compressional event. This kind of mechanism of ‘Reverse Faulting’ is consistent with the fact that there was large-scale strike-slip Faulting in northeastern China during the Cenozoic.
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origin of cenozoic Reverse Faults in northeastern china an example from the rongxintun Fault in the liaohe basin china
Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2004Co-Authors: Hanlin Chen, Shufeng Yang, Jia Chengzao, Hongbin Sun, Xiaogan ChengAbstract:Abstract In northeastern China, Cenozoic ‘Reverse Faults’ can be found in most basins. It was proposed that these Faults were the products of inversion tectonics during a Cenozoic regional compressional event. This explanation is inconsistent with regional structures that are dominated by normal Faults on seismic profile. As a typical example, the Rongxintun Fault in northeastern Liaohe basin is systemically analyzed on the basis of deformation style, sedimentary character, and systemic mapping using seismic data. We conclude that the Rongxintun Fault was related to right-lateral strike slipping of the Yannan main Fault during the late Paleogene when the Dongying deposition occurred, and it was a secondary right-lateral/Reverse Fault (P Plane Fault) of the Yannan strike-slip Fault system. The fold was a Fault related fold formed as a result of movement along the Rongxintun Fault. According to this analysis of the Rongxintun Fault, we conclude that the Cenozoic ‘Reverse Fault’ in northeastern China was a secondary right-lateral/Reverse Fault of a strike-slip Fault system and did not represent a compressional event. This kind of mechanism of ‘Reverse Faulting’ is consistent with the fact that there was large-scale strike-slip Faulting in northeastern China during the Cenozoic.
