The Experts below are selected from a list of 1734 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
William J. Tyler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Quantitative Overview of Biophysical Forces Governing Neural Function
Physical biology, 2014Co-Authors: Jerel K Mueller, William J. TylerAbstract:The Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) model is the currently accepted formalism of neuronal excitability. However, the HH model does not capture a number of biophysical behaviors associated with action potentials or propagating nerve impulses. Physical mechanisms underlying these processes, such as Reversible Heat Transfer and axonal swelling have been separately investigated and compartmentally modeled to indicate the nervous system is not purely electrical or biochemical. Rather, mechanical forces and principles of thermodynamics also govern neuronal excitability and signaling. To advance our understanding of neural function and dysfunction, compartmentalized analyses of electrical, chemical, and mechanical processes need to revaluated and integrated into more comprehensive theories. The present quantitative perspective is intended to broaden the awareness of known biophysical phenomena, which are often overlooked in neuroscience. By starting to consider the collective influence of the biophysical forces influencing neural function, new paradigms can be applied to the characterization and manipulation of nervous systems.
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A quantitative overview of biophysical forces impinging on neural function
Physical biology, 2014Co-Authors: Jerel K Mueller, William J. TylerAbstract:The fundamentals of neuronal membrane excitability are globally described using the Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) model. The HH model, however, does not account for a number of biophysical phenomena associated with action potentials or propagating nerve impulses. Physical mechanisms underlying these processes, such as Reversible Heat Transfer and axonal swelling, have been compartmentalized and separately investigated to reveal neuronal activity is not solely influenced by electrical or biochemical factors. Instead, mechanical forces and thermodynamics also govern neuronal excitability and signaling. To advance our understanding of neuronal function and dysfunction, compartmentalized analyses of electrical, chemical, and mechanical processes need to be revaluated and integrated into more comprehensive theories. The present perspective is intended to provide a broad overview of biophysical forces that can influence neural function, but which have been traditionally underappreciated in neuroscience. Further, several examples where mechanical forces have been shown to exert their actions on nervous system development, signaling, and plasticity are highlighted to underscore their importance in sculpting neural function. By considering the collective actions of biophysical forces influencing neuronal activity, our working models can be expanded and new paradigms can be applied to the investigation and characterization of brain function and dysfunction.
Jerel K Mueller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Quantitative Overview of Biophysical Forces Governing Neural Function
Physical biology, 2014Co-Authors: Jerel K Mueller, William J. TylerAbstract:The Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) model is the currently accepted formalism of neuronal excitability. However, the HH model does not capture a number of biophysical behaviors associated with action potentials or propagating nerve impulses. Physical mechanisms underlying these processes, such as Reversible Heat Transfer and axonal swelling have been separately investigated and compartmentally modeled to indicate the nervous system is not purely electrical or biochemical. Rather, mechanical forces and principles of thermodynamics also govern neuronal excitability and signaling. To advance our understanding of neural function and dysfunction, compartmentalized analyses of electrical, chemical, and mechanical processes need to revaluated and integrated into more comprehensive theories. The present quantitative perspective is intended to broaden the awareness of known biophysical phenomena, which are often overlooked in neuroscience. By starting to consider the collective influence of the biophysical forces influencing neural function, new paradigms can be applied to the characterization and manipulation of nervous systems.
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A quantitative overview of biophysical forces impinging on neural function
Physical biology, 2014Co-Authors: Jerel K Mueller, William J. TylerAbstract:The fundamentals of neuronal membrane excitability are globally described using the Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) model. The HH model, however, does not account for a number of biophysical phenomena associated with action potentials or propagating nerve impulses. Physical mechanisms underlying these processes, such as Reversible Heat Transfer and axonal swelling, have been compartmentalized and separately investigated to reveal neuronal activity is not solely influenced by electrical or biochemical factors. Instead, mechanical forces and thermodynamics also govern neuronal excitability and signaling. To advance our understanding of neuronal function and dysfunction, compartmentalized analyses of electrical, chemical, and mechanical processes need to be revaluated and integrated into more comprehensive theories. The present perspective is intended to provide a broad overview of biophysical forces that can influence neural function, but which have been traditionally underappreciated in neuroscience. Further, several examples where mechanical forces have been shown to exert their actions on nervous system development, signaling, and plasticity are highlighted to underscore their importance in sculpting neural function. By considering the collective actions of biophysical forces influencing neuronal activity, our working models can be expanded and new paradigms can be applied to the investigation and characterization of brain function and dysfunction.
Paul R. Eastham - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Quantum control of excitons for Reversible Heat Transfer
Communications Physics, 2019Co-Authors: Conor N. Murphy, Paul R. EasthamAbstract:Quantum Heat engines hold potential to achieve efficiencies set by the Carnot limit, however loss of energy between quasiparticles and their environment prevents experimental realisation. Here, the authors propose a model to control this Heat flow using chirped laser pulses. Lasers, photovoltaics, and thermoelectrically-pumped light emitting diodes are thermodynamic machines which use excitons (electron-hole pairs) as the working medium. The Heat Transfers in such devices are highly irReversible, leading to low efficiencies. Here we predict that Reversible Heat Transfers between a quantum-dot exciton and its phonon environment can be induced by laser pulses. We calculate the Heat Transfer when a quantum-dot exciton is driven by a chirped laser pulse. The reversibility of this Heat Transfer is quantified by the efficiency of a Heat engine in which it forms the hot stroke, which we predict to reach 95% of the Carnot limit. This performance is achieved by using the time-dependent laser-dressing of the exciton to control the Heat current and exciton temperature. We conclude that Reversible Heat Transfers can be achieved in excitonic thermal machines, allowing substantial improvements in their efficiency.
Eastham Paul - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Quantum control of excitons for Reversible Heat Transfer
2019Co-Authors: Eastham PaulAbstract:Lasers, photovoltaics, and thermoelectrically-pumped light emitting diodes are thermodynamic machines which use excitons (electron-hole pairs) as the working medium. The Heat Transfers in such devices are highly irReversible, leading to low efficiencies. Here we predict that Reversible Heat Transfers between a quantum-dot exciton and its phonon environment can be induced by laser pulses. We calculate the Heat Transfer when a quantum-dot exciton is driven by a chirped laser pulse. The reversibility of this Heat Transfer is quantified by the efficiency of a Heat engine in which it forms the hot stroke, which we predict to reach 95% of the Carnot limit. This performance is achieved by using the time-dependent laser-dressing of the exciton to control the Heat current and exciton temperature. We conclude that Reversible Heat Transfers can be achieved in excitonic thermal machines, allowing substantial improvements in their efficiency
Conor N. Murphy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Quantum control of excitons for Reversible Heat Transfer
Communications Physics, 2019Co-Authors: Conor N. Murphy, Paul R. EasthamAbstract:Quantum Heat engines hold potential to achieve efficiencies set by the Carnot limit, however loss of energy between quasiparticles and their environment prevents experimental realisation. Here, the authors propose a model to control this Heat flow using chirped laser pulses. Lasers, photovoltaics, and thermoelectrically-pumped light emitting diodes are thermodynamic machines which use excitons (electron-hole pairs) as the working medium. The Heat Transfers in such devices are highly irReversible, leading to low efficiencies. Here we predict that Reversible Heat Transfers between a quantum-dot exciton and its phonon environment can be induced by laser pulses. We calculate the Heat Transfer when a quantum-dot exciton is driven by a chirped laser pulse. The reversibility of this Heat Transfer is quantified by the efficiency of a Heat engine in which it forms the hot stroke, which we predict to reach 95% of the Carnot limit. This performance is achieved by using the time-dependent laser-dressing of the exciton to control the Heat current and exciton temperature. We conclude that Reversible Heat Transfers can be achieved in excitonic thermal machines, allowing substantial improvements in their efficiency.