The Experts below are selected from a list of 5799 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Rockwell W Geyer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the alongshore transport of freshwater in a surface trapped River Plume
Journal of Physical Oceanography, 2002Co-Authors: Derek A Fong, Rockwell W GeyerAbstract:Abstract The alongshore transport of a surface-trapped River Plume is studied using a three-dimensional model. Model simulations exhibit the previously observed rightward veering (in the Northern Hemisphere) of the freshwater and establishment of a downstream geostrophically balanced coastal current. In the absence of any ambient current, the Plume does not reach a steady state. The downstream coastal current only carries a fraction of the discharged freshwater; the remaining fraction recirculates in a continually growing “bulge” of freshwater in the vicinity of the River mouth. The River mouth conditions influence the amount of freshwater transported in the coastal current relative to the growing bulge. For high Rossby number [O(1)] discharge conditions, the bulge shape is circular and the coastal current transport is smaller than for the model runs of low Rossby number discharges. For all model runs conducted without an ambient current, the freshwater transport in the coastal current is less than the fr...
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response of a River Plume during an upwelling favorable wind event
Journal of Geophysical Research, 2001Co-Authors: Derek A Fong, Rockwell W GeyerAbstract:The response of a surface-trapped River Plume to an upwelling favorable wind is studied using a three-dimensional model in a simple, rectangular domain. Model simulations demonstrate that the Plume thins and is advected offshore by the cross-shore Ekman transport. The thinned Plume is susceptible to significant mixing because of the vertically sheared horizontal currents. The Ekman dynamics and shear-induced mixing cause the Plume to evolve to a quasi-steady uniform thickness, which can be estimated by a critical Richardson number criterion. Although the mixing rate decreases slowly in time, mixing continues under a sustained upwelling wind until the Plume is destroyed. Mixing persists at the seaward Plume front because of an Ekman straining mechanism in which there is a balance between the advection of cross-shore salinity gradients and vertical mixing. The Plume mixing rate observed is similar to the mixing law obtained by previous studies of one-dimensional mixing, although the River Plume mixing is essentially two-dimensional.
Yanfang Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sensitivity analysis of the physical dynamics of the fly River Plume in torres strait
Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 2017Co-Authors: Flavio Martins, Yanfang Li, Eric WolanskiAbstract:Abstract The intrusion in the Torres Strait of the Fly River Plume polluted by mine tailings is an international water issue. To investigate the physical mechanisms involved in the intrusion process, numerical simulations were conducted to assess the relative influence of the bathymetry and the external forcing, namely the tides, the mean sea level slope across the strait, River runoff and wind forcing. The wind data from Horn Island, the only long-term wind station in the Torres Strait, is shown to be unreliable due to orographic effects. Mean sea level data from altimetry compare well with those from tide gauges in these shallow, reef-studded waters. The wind has a dominant effect on the mean sea level at seasonal and inter-annual periods. The resulting mean sea level difference across the strait fluctuated seasonally and strongly influenced the intrusion of the Fly River Plume in the Torres Strait. The 3D finite-volume MOHID model reproduced the observation that the River Plume starts by being stratified in the Gulf of Papua where it originates, and it mixes vertically when it enters the Torres Strait. The MOHID and the SLIM models were applied with different resolution to the Torres Strait and responded similarly to the external forcings. The predicted and observed Fly River Plume intrusion in the eastern Torres Strait agreed well with each other, including the formation of patches due to flow reversals. However, the two models predicted a widely different Fly River Plume in its far field in the western Torres Strait, the differences were attributed to the different bathymetry in the Australian and British-US bathymetry data for these poorly charted waters, which demonstrated the importance of the details of the bathymetry in controlling the extent of Plume intrusion.
Chentung Arthur Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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intrusion of the pearl River Plume into the main channel of the taiwan strait in summer
Journal of Sea Research, 2015Co-Authors: Tinghsuan Huang, Xianqiang He, Shu Lun Wang, Yi Chia Hsin, Chau Ron Wu, Weidong Zhai, Chentung Arthur ChenAbstract:Abstract The Penghu Channel is the main channel connecting the East and South China Seas, two of the largest marginal seas in the world. Located in the southeast of Taiwan Strait, the Penghu Channel is usually covered by the high salinity water from the South China Sea and the Kuroshio. However, we observed abnormal low-salinity water in the Penghu Channel during a cruise through the southern Taiwan Strait and northern South China Sea in August 2008. We argue that the normalized alkalinity is a good indicator for the identification of a River Plume as it is not affected by rainwater. Using satellite-derived water transparency and chlorophyll images and field-measured alkalinity, the source of this low salinity water was found to be the intrusion of the Pearl River Plume. A significant phytoplankton bloom across the entire Taiwan Strait occurred with the intrusion event. The intrusion was not a unique event, as we also found a strong jet-shaped Pearl River Plume intruding into the Penghu Channel in the summer of 2009 from cloud-free satellite-derived images. Time series satellite data reveal that the Pearl River Plume intrudes into the Penghu Channel in the summer of most years. Multiple data analysis and modeling simulation indicate that a large River discharge and strong southwesterly winds on the shelf may be responsible for the significant intrusion of the Pearl River Plume into the Penghu Channel in summer. As the Pearl River Plume has a high nutrient and dissolved inorganic carbon content, combined with the strong northward flows through the Penghu Channel, such intrusions may contribute to the nutrient dynamics and carbon budget of the East and northern South China Seas.
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summertime changjiang River Plume variation during 1998 2010
Journal of Geophysical Research, 2014Co-Authors: Xianqiang He, Chentung Arthur Chen, Yan Kang, Xiaoyan ChenAbstract:Using an improved satellite-derived salinity algorithm in the East China Sea (ECS), we presented and examined a general view on summertime Changjiang River Plume variation during 1998–2010. Three types of Plume shapes were identified: (1) the commonly known northeastward transportation, (2) a case in which most of the Plume water crossed the Cheju Strait into the Tsushima-Korea Straits with only a small fraction staying on the shelf of the ECS, and (3) a rare case in which the Plume front moved southeastward. Satellite time-series data suggested that, during the peak River discharge time in July with favorable southwest monsoon, the Plume area was highly correlated with the River discharge of the same month. Interestingly, the Plume area in August was also dominated by the discharge in July. In August, as the direct effect of freshwater discharge weakening, the Plume area also became positively correlated with wind speed in the 45° and 60°direction, suggesting that the Plume extension was more influenced by the southwesterly wind during periods of smaller discharge. Furthermore, a few special cases with unique Plume extensions were found under extreme weather conditions. Finally, we found no significant long-term trend of Plume area change over 1998–2010 in summertime and concluded that the interannual variation was probably regulated by natural variation rather than anthropogenic effects, such as construction of the Three Gorges Dam. This study will have implications for biogeochemical and modeling studies in large River Plume areas.
Eric Wolanski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sensitivity analysis of the physical dynamics of the fly River Plume in torres strait
Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 2017Co-Authors: Flavio Martins, Yanfang Li, Eric WolanskiAbstract:Abstract The intrusion in the Torres Strait of the Fly River Plume polluted by mine tailings is an international water issue. To investigate the physical mechanisms involved in the intrusion process, numerical simulations were conducted to assess the relative influence of the bathymetry and the external forcing, namely the tides, the mean sea level slope across the strait, River runoff and wind forcing. The wind data from Horn Island, the only long-term wind station in the Torres Strait, is shown to be unreliable due to orographic effects. Mean sea level data from altimetry compare well with those from tide gauges in these shallow, reef-studded waters. The wind has a dominant effect on the mean sea level at seasonal and inter-annual periods. The resulting mean sea level difference across the strait fluctuated seasonally and strongly influenced the intrusion of the Fly River Plume in the Torres Strait. The 3D finite-volume MOHID model reproduced the observation that the River Plume starts by being stratified in the Gulf of Papua where it originates, and it mixes vertically when it enters the Torres Strait. The MOHID and the SLIM models were applied with different resolution to the Torres Strait and responded similarly to the external forcings. The predicted and observed Fly River Plume intrusion in the eastern Torres Strait agreed well with each other, including the formation of patches due to flow reversals. However, the two models predicted a widely different Fly River Plume in its far field in the western Torres Strait, the differences were attributed to the different bathymetry in the Australian and British-US bathymetry data for these poorly charted waters, which demonstrated the importance of the details of the bathymetry in controlling the extent of Plume intrusion.
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Patchiness in the Fly River Plume in Torres Strait
Journal of Marine Systems, 1998Co-Authors: Eric Wolanski, Simon Spagnol, Brian King, Tenshi AyukaiAbstract:Abstract Oceanographic studies were carried out from August 1994 to March 1995 on the intrusion of the Fly River Plume in Torres Strait. Measurements at offshore coral reefs revealed an event of decreased salinity (≈24) while salinity of the water over the reefs fluctuated between 30–34 the rest of the time. Modelling suggests that this event resulted from the reversal of longshore currents advecting old River Plume water back past the River mouth. There the new River water mixed with the old River Plume water generating a patch of low-salinity water. While such events may be infrequent, they have the potential to leave a terrestrial signature on offshore coral reefs, in terms of (1) an input of terrigenous sediment and (2) the possible incorporation of Riverine particulate metal into the food chain. The impact during an intrusion event may be significant. In the long term the Riverine material is diluted in calcareous sediment produced throughout the year by bio-erosion of coral reefs.
Daniel D Heath - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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benefits of turbid River Plume habitat for lake erie yellow perch perca flavescens recruitment determined by juvenile to larval genotype assignment
PLOS ONE, 2015Co-Authors: Lucia B Carreonmartinez, Ryan P Walter, Timothy B Johnson, Stuart A Ludsin, Daniel D HeathAbstract:Nutrient-rich, turbid River Plumes that are common to large lakes and coastal marine ecosystems have been hypothesized to benefit survival of fish during early life stages by increasing food availability and (or) reducing vulnerability to visual predators. However, evidence that River Plumes truly benefit the recruitment process remains meager for both freshwater and marine fishes. Here, we use genotype assignment between juvenile and larval yellow perch (Perca flavescens) from western Lake Erie to estimate and compare recruitment to the age-0 juvenile stage for larvae residing inside the highly turbid, south-shore Maumee River Plume versus those occupying the less turbid, more northerly Detroit River Plume. Bayesian genotype assignment of a mixed assemblage of juvenile (age-0) yellow perch to putative larval source populations established that recruitment of larvae was higher from the turbid Maumee River Plume than for the less turbid Detroit River Plume during 2006 and 2007, but not in 2008. Our findings add to the growing evidence that turbid River Plumes can indeed enhance survival of fish larvae to recruited life stages, and also demonstrate how novel population genetic analyses of early life stages can contribute to determining critical early life stage processes in the fish recruitment process.