The Experts below are selected from a list of 69 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
E. Schuller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Intrathecal origin of CSF ribonuclease. Differences between infectious processes of the nervous system and multiple sclerosis.
Acta neurologica Scandinavica, 2009Co-Authors: B. Allinquant, C. Musenger, E. SchullerAbstract:– A CSF Poly(C)-avid ribonuclease (RNAse) activity was determined in serum and CSF of 11 controls and 75 neurological patients (34 multiple sclerosis (MS), 18 infectious processes and 23 other neurological diseases (OND)). In controls, the blood-CSF ratio of RNAse activity is low. This fact and the absence of correlation between serum and CSF RNAse activity (except in OND group), and between CSF albumin and CSF RNAse activity in controls and MS patients, suggest an intrathecal origin for the major part of this CSF RNAse activity. A formula taking into account any plasmatic enrichment in RNAse of the CSF is proposed to evaluate this intrathecal activity. The normal mean value of this intrathecal RNAse activity is 27 ± 3 units/ml (mean ± SE) in our experimental conditions and using our formula. The highest intrathecal RNAse activity is observed in infectious processes and this finding is associated with a significant increase in the local anti-RNA Antibody synthesis. An increase in intrathecal RNAse activity is rarely found in MS and local anti-RNA synthesis is only observed in one third of MS patients.
W.j. Van Venrooij - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Changes in anti-U1 RNA Antibody levels correlate with disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus overlap syndrome.
Arthritis and rheumatism, 1992Co-Authors: R.m.a. Hoet, I Koornneef, D. J. De Rooij, L. B. A. Van De Putte, W.j. Van VenrooijAbstract:Objective. To evaluate correlations between changes in anti–U1 RNA Antibody levels and disease activity in 9 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) overlap syndrome who were prospectively followed up for at least 3 years. Methods. Anti–U1 RNA Antibody levels were measured quantitatively, using a nitrocellulose filter binding assay. Disease activity was measured with a validated SLE activity index. Results. All 9 major disease exacerbations were associated with peaks in anti–U1 RNA Antibody level. Conclusion. These results seem to indicate that measuring anti–U1 RNA Antibody levels can be useful for monitoring disease activity.
D. A. Isenberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Analysis of antibodies to RNA in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune rheumatic diseases.
Clinical and experimental immunology, 2008Co-Authors: Federico A. Castillo Blanco, Jatinderpal Kalsi, D. A. IsenbergAbstract:The frequency and clinical associations of anti-RNA antibodies measured by ELISA were assessed in 138 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Of the sera from these patients 9.4% had anti-RNA antibodies but no distinguishing features, clinical, serological or immunogenetic, between those with or without these antibodies could be identified. However, investigations of patients with other autoimmune rheumatic diseases did not reveal any anti-RNA positivity, which indicates a marked disease specificity for anti-RNA antibodies in SLE. The initial anti-RNA Antibody screen used a soluble yeast extract as test antigen. The positive sera were further tested against a range of RNAs from 10 different types of rat tissue. In essence few differences were observed, suggesting that the anti-RNA response is directed against common, highly conserved epitopes.
Ryo Kominami - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Serological association of lupus autoantibodies to a limited functional domain of 28S ribosomal RNA and to the ribosomal proteins bound to the domain.
Clinical & Experimental Immunology, 2008Co-Authors: Takehiro Sato, T. Uchiumi, Masaaki Arakawa, Ryo KominamiAbstract:Site-specific anti-RNA antibodies were sought in 120 sera of patients with autoimmune diseases by ribonuclease-protection assay using six fragments covering 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) as antigens. Fifteen of 90 sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but none of 30 sera of the other autoimmune diseases, provided a 60 nucleotide fragment within a region termed the 'GTPase domain' of 28S rRNA. These sera had potency to precipitate 0.42-69.3 nmol of the RNA domain per ml serum, which was higher than 15 control sera of healthy donors. No other specific antigenic site was detected in 28S rRNA under conditions used. All of the 15 sera having this anti-RNA Antibody showed reactivity to ribosomal P proteins (anti-P), and two of them contained an additional Antibody to ribosomal protein L12. These results suggested a strong association of the production of these three antibodies. Since P and L12 proteins form a stable complex with the GTPase domain, this serological association may result from an immune response to epitopes clustered on a single RNA-protein complex domain in ribosomes.
Diane E Griffin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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recruitment and retention of b cells in the central nervous system in response to alphavirus encephalomyelitis
Journal of Virology, 2013Co-Authors: Talibah U Metcalf, Victoria K Baxter, Voraphoj Nilaratanakul, Diane E GriffinAbstract:Sindbis virus (SINV) infection of neurons results in nonfatal viral encephalomyelitis and provides a model system for understanding recovery from virus infection of the central nervous system (CNS). Infection is followed by clearance of infectious virus, a gradual decrease in viral RNA, and then long-term maintenance of low levels of viral RNA. Antibody to the E2 glycoprotein is important for virus clearance, and B cells enter the CNS along with CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells during the early clearance phase. Antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) are present in the CNS and become enriched for SINV-specific ASCs. We have evaluated the factors within the CNS that facilitate continued local Antibody production after infection. Expression of CXCL9, CXCL10, CCL1, CCL2, and CCL5 chemokine mRNAs increased early, and infiltrating B cells expressed CXCR3, CXCR5, and CCR7. The mRNAs for IL-10 and IL-21, cytokines important for B cell proliferation and differentiation, rose rapidly and remained elevated long after clearance of infectious virus. Active proliferation of B cells, as indicated by Ki-67 expression, continued for months. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling of proliferating cells showed that ASCs produced in the draining cervical lymph nodes during the early germinal center response were preferentially retained in the CNS. Sustained increase in B-cell-activating factor (BAFF) mRNA in the CNS and BAFF receptor expression by B cells coincided with the long-term maintenance of SINV-specific ASCs in the brain. We conclude that multiple changes in the brain microenvironment facilitate B-cell entry and support proliferation and differentiation and long-term survival of antiviral ASCs during recovery from alphaviral encephalomyelitis.
