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Carine Brouat - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in commensal Rodents sampled across Senegal, West Africa
Parasite, 2018Co-Authors: Carine Brouat, Christophe Amidi Diagne, Khadija Ismaïl, Abdelkrim Aroussi, Ambroise Dalecky, Mamadou Kane, Youssoupha Niang, Mamoudou Diallo, Aliou Sow, Lokman GalalAbstract:Risks related to Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans remain poorly known in Senegal. Although Rodent surveys could help to assess the circulation of T. gondii, they have seldom been set up in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to examine Toxoplasma seroprevalence in Rodents from villages and towns across Senegal. Rodents were sampled in 40 localities using a standardised trapping protocol. Detection of T. gondii antibodies was performed on 1205 Rodents, using a modified agglutination test (MAT) technique. Seroprevalence data were analysed depending on geography, the local Rodent community, and individual characteristics of the Rodent hosts. We found 44 seropositive Rodents from four different species (Mastomys erythroleucus, Mastomys natalensis, Mus musculus domesticus, Rattus rattus). Toxoplasma seroprevalence was low, averaging 4% in the localities. Higher Toxoplasma seroprevalence (up to 24%) was found in northern Senegal, a region known to be the heart of pastoral herding in the country.
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Serological Survey of Zoonotic Viruses in Invasive and Native Commensal Rodents in Senegal, West Africa
Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 2017Co-Authors: Christophe Amidi Diagne, Nathalie Charbonnel, Heikki Henttonen, Tarja Sironen, Carine BrouatAbstract:Increasing studies on Rodent-borne diseases still highlight the major role of Rodents as reservoirs of numerous zoonoses of which the frequency is likely to increase worldwide as a result of accelerated anthropogenic changes, including biological invasions. Such a situation makes pathogen detection in Rodent populations important, especially in the context of developing countries characterized by high infectious disease burden. Here, we used indirect fluorescent antibody tests to describe the circulation of potentially zoonotic viruses in both invasive (Mus musculus domesticus and Rattus rattus) and native (Mastomys erythroleucus and Mastomys natalensis) murine Rodent populations in Senegal (West Africa). Of the 672 Rodents tested, we reported 22 seropositive tests for Hantavirus, Orthopoxvirus, and Mammarenavirus genera, and no evidence of viral coinfection. This study is the first to report serological detection of Orthopoxvirus in Rodents from Senegal, Mammarenavirus in R. rattus from Africa, and Hantavirus in M. m. domesticus and in M. erythroleucus. Further specific identification of the viral agents highlighted here is urgently needed for crucial public health concerns.
Paulauskas Algimantas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Bacterial pathogens in lice collected from small redents
2021Co-Authors: Aleksandravičienė Asta, Radzijevskaja Jana, Stanko Michal, Paulauskas AlgimantasAbstract:Wild Rodents are important hosts of Bartonella and Rickettsia species and some species of these bacteria are considered to be pathogenic for humans. Although Rodent ectoparasites, such as fleas and ticks, are known as vectors of Bartonella spp. and Rickettsia spp., there are limited data on the prevalence of these bacteria in other Rodent ectoparasites – lice. More than half of described blood-sucking lice species are found on Rodents. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Bartonella and Rickettsia species in lice collected from Rodents in Slovakia. Small Rodents were live-captured between 2010 and 2015 at four different sites in eastern Slovakia. A total of 1074 lice belonging to seven species (28 Hoplopleura acanthopus, 732 Hoplopleura affinis, 1 Hoplopleura edentula, 7 Hoplopleura sp., 225 Polyplax serrata, 79 Polyplax spinulosa, and 2 Polyplax sp.) were collected from 216 small Rodents representing six species (Apodemus agrarius n=151, Apodemus flavicollis n=35, Microtus arvalis n=13, Microtus subterraneus n=2, Myodes glareolus n=11 and Rattus norvegicus n=4). Lice were tested for Bartonella and Rickettsia pathogens by real-time PCR targeting the ssrA and gltA gene respectively. Bartonella spp. were found in H. affinis lice species collected from A. agrarius, A. flavicollis, M. glareolus Rodent species and in one P. serrata louse collected from A. agrarius. Sequence analysis revealed that the Bartonella strains belonged to the B. coopersplainsensis, B. tribocorum, B. taylorii genogroups. Rickettsia DNR were detected in H. affinis and P. serrata lice collected from A. agrarius and in P. serrata collected from A. flavicollis. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of Rickettsia helvetica and Rickettsia sp. To the best of authors knowledge, this study is the first investigation of Rodent-associated bacterial pathogens Rickettsia and Bartonella in lice parasitizing Rodents in EuropeBiologijos katedraGamtos mokslų fakultetasVytauto Didžiojo universiteta
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Laelapid mites (Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) associated with small Rodents in Lithuania
2021Co-Authors: Kaminskienė Evelina, Radzijevskaja Jana, Balčiauskas Linas, Stanko Michal, Paulauskas AlgimantasAbstract:Laelapid mites (Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) are one of the most important groups of parasitic mesostigmatic mites associated with small Rodents. Associations of laelapid mites with its Rodent hosts are studied poorly. The aim of this study was to investigate laelapid mites and estimate their infestation patterns in different Rodent species in Lithuania. Small Rodents identified as Apodemus flavicollis, A. agrarius, Myodes glareolus, Micromys minutus, Mus musculus, Microtus oeconomus, M. arvalis and M. agrestis were snap- and live-trapped in six locations in Lithuania during 2013–2016. A total of 343 (47.1%) Rodents were found to be infested with up to eight species of laelapid mites (n = 1363): Laelaps agilis, L. hilaris, Hyperlaelaps microti, Haemogamasus nidi, H. hirsutus, Eulaelaps stabularis, Hirstionyssus sunci and Myonyssus gigas. Abundance and mean intensity of infestation with mites were highest for A. flavicollis. In the present study, we reported mite-host associations, occurrence and diversity of eight mite species from eight species of Rodent hosts in different geographic regions across LithuaniaBiologijos katedraGamtos tyrimų centrasVytauto Didžiojo universiteta
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Associations between diferent Laelapidae (Mesostigmata: Dermanyssoidea) mites and small Rodents from Lithuania
2020Co-Authors: Kaminskienė Evelina, Radzijevskaja Jana, Balčiauskas Linas, Stanko Michail, Paulauskas AlgimantasAbstract:Associations between species of Laelapidae (Mesostigmata: Dermanyssoidea) mites and small Rodents have been studied insufciently. The aim of this study was to investigate infestation patterns of small Rodent species by laelapid mites at six locations in Lithuania. A total of 728 Rodents were snap- and live-trapped in various locations during 2013–2016. Eight Rodent species were identifed, namely Apodemus favicollis, Apodemus agrarius, Myodes glareolus, Micromys minutus, Mus musculus, Microtus oeconomus, Microtus arvalis and Microtus agrestis. A total of 343 (47.1%) Rodents were found to be infested with up to eight species of parasitic mites from the Laelapidae family (n=1363): Laelaps agilis, Laelaps hilaris, Hyperlaelaps microti, Haemogamasus nidi, Haemogamasus hirsutus, Eulaelaps stabularis, Hirstionyssus sunci and Myonyssus gigas. The dominant species of mite found on Rodents was L. agilis (89.1%), found on 43.4% of all hosts. Abundance and mean intensity of infestation with mites varied among species of hosts and were highest for A. favicollis. We document new geographical and host records for gamasid mites of eight Rodent species in LithuaniaBiologijos katedraGamtos mokslų fakultetasGamtos tyrimų centrasVytauto Didžiojo universiteta
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Associations between diferent Laelapidae (Mesostigmata: Dermanyssoidea) mites and small Rodents from Lithuania
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2020Co-Authors: Kaminskienė Evelina, Radzijevskaja Jana, Balčiauskas Linas, Stanko Michail, Paulauskas AlgimantasAbstract:Associations between species of Laelapidae (Mesostigmata: Dermanyssoidea) mites and small Rodents have been studied insufciently. The aim of this study was to investigate infestation patterns of small Rodent species by laelapid mites at six locations in Lithuania. A total of 728 Rodents were snap- and live-trapped in various locations during 2013–2016. Eight Rodent species were identifed, namely Apodemus favicollis, Apodemus agrarius, Myodes glareolus, Micromys minutus, Mus musculus, Microtus oeconomus, Microtus arvalis and Microtus agrestis. A total of 343 (47.1%) Rodents were found to be infested with up to eight species of parasitic mites from the Laelapidae family (n=1363): Laelaps agilis, Laelaps hilaris, Hyperlaelaps microti, Haemogamasus nidi, Haemogamasus hirsutus, Eulaelaps stabularis, Hirstionyssus sunci and Myonyssus gigas. The dominant species of mite found on Rodents was L. agilis (89.1%), found on 43.4% of all hosts. Abundance and mean intensity of infestation with mites varied among species of hosts and were highest for A. favicollis. We document new geographical and host records for gamasid mites of eight Rodent species in LithuaniaBiologijos katedraGamtos tyrimų centrasVytauto Didžiojo universiteta
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Genetic diversity of Bartonella strains in small Rodents
2018Co-Authors: Mardosaitė-busaitienė Dalytė, Radzijevskaja Jana, Balčiauskas Linas, Paulauskas Algimantas, Bračikov MaksimAbstract:Bartonella infections have been documented in a wide range of mammals and 15 Bartonella species have been detected in small Rodents. Several Rodent-associated Bartonella species have been related to human diseases. However, there is a lack of studies on the presence and diversity of Bartonella pathogens in small Rodents in Baltic region. The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence and genetic diversity of Bartonella strains in different species of small Rodents from Lithuania. We collected spleens from seven small Rodent species captured in different parts of Lithuania during 2013-2016. The presence of Bartonella was examined by real-time PCR targeting the ssrA gene. Species identification and molecular characterization of bacteria strains were based on sequence analysis of two housekeeping genes (rpoB, groEL) and the intergenic species region. Bartonella DNA was detected with different prevalence in Apodemus flavicollis, Micromys minutus, Myodes glareolus, Microtus oeconomus, Microtus agrestis and Microtus arvalis Rodents. Sequence analysis of Bartonella isolates showed that the Bartonella strains circulating among the investigated Rodents are heterogenic and belonged to Bartonella grahamii, Bartonella taylorii and Bartonella rochalimae genogroup. Phylogenetic analysis based on each of the targets demonstrated the presence of different Bartonella grahamii and Bartonella taylorii strains associated with different species of Rodents. This is the first report on molecular characterization of Bartonella strains in multiple Rodent species from Baltic region. Our findings provide evidence of wide distribution of human pathogenic Bartonella grahamii in LithuaniaAplinkotyros katedraBiologijos katedraGamtos mokslų fakultetasGamtos tyrimų centrasVytauto Didžiojo universiteta
Christophe Amidi Diagne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in commensal Rodents sampled across Senegal, West Africa
Parasite, 2018Co-Authors: Carine Brouat, Christophe Amidi Diagne, Khadija Ismaïl, Abdelkrim Aroussi, Ambroise Dalecky, Mamadou Kane, Youssoupha Niang, Mamoudou Diallo, Aliou Sow, Lokman GalalAbstract:Risks related to Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans remain poorly known in Senegal. Although Rodent surveys could help to assess the circulation of T. gondii, they have seldom been set up in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to examine Toxoplasma seroprevalence in Rodents from villages and towns across Senegal. Rodents were sampled in 40 localities using a standardised trapping protocol. Detection of T. gondii antibodies was performed on 1205 Rodents, using a modified agglutination test (MAT) technique. Seroprevalence data were analysed depending on geography, the local Rodent community, and individual characteristics of the Rodent hosts. We found 44 seropositive Rodents from four different species (Mastomys erythroleucus, Mastomys natalensis, Mus musculus domesticus, Rattus rattus). Toxoplasma seroprevalence was low, averaging 4% in the localities. Higher Toxoplasma seroprevalence (up to 24%) was found in northern Senegal, a region known to be the heart of pastoral herding in the country.
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Serological Survey of Zoonotic Viruses in Invasive and Native Commensal Rodents in Senegal, West Africa
Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 2017Co-Authors: Christophe Amidi Diagne, Nathalie Charbonnel, Heikki Henttonen, Tarja Sironen, Carine BrouatAbstract:Increasing studies on Rodent-borne diseases still highlight the major role of Rodents as reservoirs of numerous zoonoses of which the frequency is likely to increase worldwide as a result of accelerated anthropogenic changes, including biological invasions. Such a situation makes pathogen detection in Rodent populations important, especially in the context of developing countries characterized by high infectious disease burden. Here, we used indirect fluorescent antibody tests to describe the circulation of potentially zoonotic viruses in both invasive (Mus musculus domesticus and Rattus rattus) and native (Mastomys erythroleucus and Mastomys natalensis) murine Rodent populations in Senegal (West Africa). Of the 672 Rodents tested, we reported 22 seropositive tests for Hantavirus, Orthopoxvirus, and Mammarenavirus genera, and no evidence of viral coinfection. This study is the first to report serological detection of Orthopoxvirus in Rodents from Senegal, Mammarenavirus in R. rattus from Africa, and Hantavirus in M. m. domesticus and in M. erythroleucus. Further specific identification of the viral agents highlighted here is urgently needed for crucial public health concerns.
Heikki Henttonen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Serological Survey of Zoonotic Viruses in Invasive and Native Commensal Rodents in Senegal, West Africa
Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 2017Co-Authors: Christophe Amidi Diagne, Nathalie Charbonnel, Heikki Henttonen, Tarja Sironen, Carine BrouatAbstract:Increasing studies on Rodent-borne diseases still highlight the major role of Rodents as reservoirs of numerous zoonoses of which the frequency is likely to increase worldwide as a result of accelerated anthropogenic changes, including biological invasions. Such a situation makes pathogen detection in Rodent populations important, especially in the context of developing countries characterized by high infectious disease burden. Here, we used indirect fluorescent antibody tests to describe the circulation of potentially zoonotic viruses in both invasive (Mus musculus domesticus and Rattus rattus) and native (Mastomys erythroleucus and Mastomys natalensis) murine Rodent populations in Senegal (West Africa). Of the 672 Rodents tested, we reported 22 seropositive tests for Hantavirus, Orthopoxvirus, and Mammarenavirus genera, and no evidence of viral coinfection. This study is the first to report serological detection of Orthopoxvirus in Rodents from Senegal, Mammarenavirus in R. rattus from Africa, and Hantavirus in M. m. domesticus and in M. erythroleucus. Further specific identification of the viral agents highlighted here is urgently needed for crucial public health concerns.
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multiple co infections of Rodents with hantaviruses leptospira and babesia in croatia
Vector-borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 2012Co-Authors: Ante Tadin, Misa Korva, Nenad Turk, Josip Margaletic, Relja Beck, Marko Vucelja, Josipa Habus, Petra Svoboda, Tatjana Avsic županc, Heikki HenttonenAbstract:Hantaviruses, Leptospira spp., and Babesia spp. are Rodent-borne pathogens present worldwide. We studied multiple co-infections of small Rodents in Croatia with all three pathogens. Twenty-eight Apodemus flavicollis and 16 Myodes glareolus were tested for the presence of hantavirus RNA by real-time RT-PCR, Leptospira strains by renoculture method and Babesia DNA by PCR. Anti-hantavirus antibodies and anti-Leptospira antibodies were detected by serological methods. Very high infection rates with each pathogen were found in A. flavicollis: 20 of 28 Rodents (71%) were infected with Dobrava virus, 13 Rodents (46%) were infected with Leptospira, and 5 Rodents (18%) were infected with Babesia. Multiple co-infections with all three pathogens were found in 3 of 28 (11%) A. flavicollis animals, suggesting that the same Rodent host can be infected with several pathogens at the same time. Dual infections with both hantaviruses and Leptospira were found in 7 of 44 Rodents (16%), with hantaviruses and Babesia in 2 Rodents (5%), and double infection with both Leptospira and Babesia were found in 1 Rodent (2%). Since hantaviruses, Leptospira, and Babesia have similar geographical distributions, it is to be expected that in other parts of the world multiple co-infections, representing a serious threat to public health, can be found.
Willem Takken - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of Rodent density on tick and tick borne pathogen populations consequences for infectious disease risk
Parasites & Vectors, 2020Co-Authors: Aleksandra I Krawczyk, Manoj Fonville, Hein Sprong, Gilian Van Duijvendijk, Arno Swart, Dieter Heylen, Ryanne I Jaarsma, Frans Jacobs, Willem TakkenAbstract:Rodents are considered to contribute strongly to the risk of tick-borne diseases by feeding Ixodes ricinus larvae and by acting as amplifying hosts for pathogens. Here, we tested to what extent these two processes depend on Rodent density, and for which pathogen species Rodents synergistically contribute to the local disease risk, i.e. the density of infected nymphs (DIN). In a natural woodland, we manipulated Rodent densities in plots of 2500 m2 by either supplementing a critical food source (acorns) or by removing Rodents during two years. Untreated plots were used as controls. Collected nymphs and Rodent ear biopsies were tested for the presence of seven tick-borne microorganisms. Linear models were used to capture associations between Rodents, nymphs, and pathogens. Investigation of data from all plots, irrespective of the treatment, revealed a strong positive association between Rodent density and nymphal density, nymphal infection prevalence (NIP) with Borrelia afzelii and Neoehrlichia mikurensis, and hence DIN’s of these pathogens in the following year. The NIP, but not the DIN, of the bird-associated Borrelia garinii, decreased with increasing Rodent density. The NIPs of Borrelia miyamotoi and Rickettsia helvetica were independent of Rodent density, and increasing Rodent density moderately increased the DINs. In addition, NIPs of Babesia microti and Spiroplasma ixodetis decreased with increasing Rodent density, which had a non-linear association with DINs of these microorganisms. A positive density dependence for all Rodent- and tick-associated tick-borne pathogens was found, despite the observation that some of them decreased in prevalence. The effects on the DINs were variable among microorganisms, more than likely due to contrasts in their biology (including transmission modes, host specificity and transmission efficiency). The strongest associations were found in Rodent-associated pathogens that most heavily rely on horizontal transmission. Our results draw attention to the importance of considering transmission mode of a pathogen while developing preventative measures to successfully reduce the burden of disease.
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multi trophic interactions driving the transmission cycle of borrelia afzelii between ixodes ricinus and Rodents a review
Parasites & Vectors, 2015Co-Authors: Gilian Van Duijvendijk, Hein Sprong, Willem TakkenAbstract:The tick Ixodes ricinus is the main vector of the spirochaete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the causal agent of Lyme borreliosis, in the western Palearctic. Rodents are the reservoir host of B. afzelii, which can be transmitted to I. ricinus larvae during a blood meal. The infected engorged larvae moult into infected nymphs, which can transmit the spirochaetes to Rodents and humans. Interestingly, even though only about 1 % of the larvae develop into a borreliae-infected nymph, the enzootic borreliae lifecycle can persist. The development from larva to infected nymph is a key aspect in this lifecycle, influencing the density of infected nymphs and thereby Lyme borreliosis risk. The density of infected nymphs varies temporally and geographically and is influenced by multi-trophic (tick-host-borreliae) interactions. For example, blood feeding success of ticks and spirochaete transmission success differ between Rodent species and host-finding success appears to be affected by a B. afzelii infection in both the Rodent and the tick. In this paper, we review the major interactions between I. ricinus, Rodents and B. afzelii that influence this development, with the aim to elucidate the critical factors that determine the epidemiological risk of Lyme borreliosis. The effects of the tick, Rodent and B. afzelii on larval host finding, larval blood feeding, spirochaete transmission from Rodent to larva and development from larva to nymph are discussed. Nymphal host finding, nymphal blood feeding and spirochaete transmission from nymph to Rodent are the final steps to complete the enzootic B. afzelii lifecycle and are included in the review. It is concluded that Rodent density, Rodent infection prevalence, and tick burden are the major factors affecting the development from larva to infected nymph and that these interact with each other. We suggest that the B. afzelii lifecycle is dependent on the aggregation of ticks among Rodents, which is manipulated by the pathogen itself. Better understanding of the processes involved in the development and aggregation of ticks results in more precise estimates of the density of infected nymphs, and hence predictions of Lyme borreliosis risk.
