The Experts below are selected from a list of 558 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
K. A. Provins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Early infant motor asymmetries and handedness: A critical evaluation of the evidence
Developmental Neuropsychology, 1992Co-Authors: K. A. ProvinsAbstract:Evidence relating to early infant motor asymmetries is critically evaluated with respect to (a) hand and arm movements, (b) head turning and the Rooting Reflex, (c) postural orientation, and (d) parental holding and carrying practices. The evidence suggests that where asymmetries occur, they may be temporary developments that reflect the cumulative pre‐ and/or postnatal experiences of the infant up to that time. Claims of early infant and other asymmetries predicting adult handedness are considered doubtful in view of the handedness criteria employed. Spontaneous fluctuations in both the absolute and relative activity of the right and left hands characteristic of infancy may also account for some of the otherwise incompatible findings reported previously. It is suggested that there is currently insufficient behavioral evidence to conclude that the cerebral lateralization of motor functions is based on a hemispheric specialization that is fixed at birth and is unchanging thereafter. Some possible lines for...
Charles J. Heyser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Assessment of developmental milestones in rodents.
Current protocols in neuroscience, 2004Co-Authors: Charles J. HeyserAbstract:Developmental tests are used to characterize early markers of behavior for investigation of the neurobiology of these behaviors, and to assess the impact of early prenatal or postnatal insult. These perturbations may include pharmacological, environmental, and genetic manipulations. At birth the rat is capable of some specific activities, but its movements are uncoordinated and seemingly random, its tactile sensitivity is not fully developed, and its ear canals and eyes remain closed until several days after birth. Postnatal development consists mainly of the continuation of processes begun earlier. This unit presents protocols for the most commonly used animal tests of developmental Reflexology, including negative geotaxis, cliff avoidance, placing responses, tactile and acoustic startle responses, surface and air righting Reflexes, crossed extensor Reflex, Rooting Reflex, grasp Reflex, bar holding, and horizontal and vertical screen tests.
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Current Protocols in Neuroscience - Assessment of developmental milestones in rodents.
Current Protocols in Neuroscience, 2003Co-Authors: Charles J. HeyserAbstract:Developmental tests are used to characterize early markers of behavior for investigation of the neurobiology of these behaviors, and to assess the impact of early prenatal or postnatal insult. These perturbations may include pharmacological, environmental, and genetic manipulations. At birth the rat is capable of some specific activities, but its movements are uncoordinated and seemingly random, its tactile sensitivity is not fully developed, and its ear canals and eyes remain closed until several days after birth. Postnatal development consists mainly of the continuation of processes begun earlier. This unit presents protocols for the most commonly used animal tests of developmental Reflexology, including negative geotaxis, cliff avoidance, placing responses, tactile and acoustic startle responses, surface and air righting Reflexes, crossed extensor Reflex, Rooting Reflex, grasp Reflex, bar holding, and horizontal and vertical screen tests.
Provins K.a. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Early Infant Motor Asymmetries and Handedness: A Critical Evaluation of the Evidence
'Informa UK Limited', 1992Co-Authors: Provins K.a.Abstract:Evidence relating to early infant motor asymmetries is critically evaluated with respect to (a) hand and arm movements, (b) head turning and the Rooting Reflex, (c) postural orientation, and (d) parental holding and carrying practices. The evidence suggests that where asymmetries occur, they may be temporary developments that reflect the cumulative pre- and/or postnatal experiences of the infant up to that time. Claims of early infant and other asymmetries predicting adult handedness are considered doubtful in view of the handedness criteria employed. Spontaneous fluctuations in both the absolute and relative activity of the right and left hands characteristic of infancy may also account for some of the otherwise incompatible findings reported previously. It is suggested that there is currently insufficient behavioral evidence to conclude that the cerebral lateralization of motor functions is based on a hemispheric specialization that is fixed at birth and is unchanging thereafter. Some possible lines for future research are indicated
F Schon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Visually-evoked Rooting, a fascinating primitive Reflex
Practical Neurology, 2006Co-Authors: Chris Turner, F SchonAbstract:The Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry carried a series of six articles on aspects of the neurological examination between 2002 and 2003 which, in some cases, highlighted how little is known about the scientific basis of certain routine clinical tests.1 One such is the group of Reflexes collectively known as “primitive Reflexes”, reviewed by Schott and Rossor,2 which include the grasp, snout, palmomental, and Rooting Reflexes. They are usually associated with neurodegenerative diseases causing dementia and, as the authors point out, loosely linked to frontal lobe pathology, but their exact physiological and anatomical substrates are poorly understood. The well known tactile-evoked Rooting Reflex is the movement …
Cools A.r. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The development of various somatic markers is retarded in an animal model for schizophrenia, namely apomorphine-susceptible rats.
'Elsevier BV', 2005Co-Authors: Degen S., Ellenbroek B.a., Wiegant V.m., Cools A.r.Abstract:Contains fulltext : 48172.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)Although schizophrenia usually sets on after puberty, deviations of normal development exist in pre-schizophrenic children. To investigate the presence of early developmental abnormalities in a valid animal model for schizophrenia, we delineated line-specific developmental differences between apomorphine-susceptible rats (APO-SUS), which share many features with schizophrenic patients, and their counterpart, apomorphine-unsusceptible rats (APO-UNSUS). A battery of somatic developmental markers was assessed in naive animals on postnatal day (PND) 4 and in animals from PND 0 to PND 60. Three comparisons were made: naive APO-SUS and naive APO-UNSUS rats on PND 4; naive and handled APO-SUS and APO-UNSUS rats on PND 4; handled APO-SUS rats and handled APO-UNSUS rats across the initial 60 PND's. Naive APO-SUS rats developed much slower than naive APO-UNSUS rats as far as it concerns digit-separation, anogenital-distance, Rooting-Reflex, and body-displacement on PND 4, thereby underlining the validity of the APO-SUS rats as model for aspects of schizophrenia. Handling on PND 0-3 retarded the development of both types of rat, implying that early life events have long-lasting effects on pure-somatic markers. Finally, handling from PND 0 to PND 60 had a more pronounced retardation effect in APO-UNSUS rats than in APO-SUS rats. It is suggested that the APO-SUS rats are not affected as much as the APO-UNSUS rats, because they are already overwhelmed by other subliminal stimuli that have no effect on APO-UNSUS rats. In conclusion: (1) the APO-SUS rat, which is a valid model for schizophrenia, has a retarded development just as pre-schizophrenic children have; (2) early postnatal manipulations have immediate and long-lasting effects on the rodents' morphology; and (3) subchronic, early postnatal handling has a greater effect in APO-UNSUS rats than in APO-SUS rats. The impact of these data for APO-SUS rats as a model for schizophrenia is discussed
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The development of various somatic markers is retarded in an animal model for schizophrenia, namely apomorphine-susceptible rats.
2005Co-Authors: Degen S., Ellenbroek B.a., Wiegant V.m., Cools A.r.Abstract:Although schizophrenia usually sets on after puberty, deviations of normal development exist in pre-schizophrenic children. To investigate the presence of early developmental abnormalities in a valid animal model for schizophrenia, we delineated line-specific developmental differences between apomorphine-susceptible rats (APO-SUS), which share many features with schizophrenic patients, and their counterpart, apomorphine-unsusceptible rats (APO-UNSUS). A battery of somatic developmental markers was assessed in naive animals on postnatal day (PND) 4 and in animals from PND 0 to PND 60. Three comparisons were made: naive APO-SUS and naive APO-UNSUS rats on PND 4; naive and handled APO-SUS and APO-UNSUS rats on PND 4; handled APO-SUS rats and handled APO-UNSUS rats across the initial 60 PND's. Naive APO-SUS rats developed much slower than naive APO-UNSUS rats as far as it concerns digit-separation, anogenital-distance, Rooting-Reflex, and body-displacement on PND 4, thereby underlining the validity of the APO-SUS rats as model for aspects of schizophrenia. Handling on PND 0-3 retarded the development of both types of rat, implying that early life events have long-lasting effects on pure-somatic markers. Finally, handling from PND 0 to PND 60 had a more pronounced retardation effect in APO-UNSUS rats than in APO-SUS rats. It is suggested that the APO-SUS rats are not affected as much as the APO-UNSUS rats, because they are already overwhelmed by other subliminal stimuli that have no effect on APO-UNSUS rats. In conclusion: (1) the APO-SUS rat, which is a valid model for schizophrenia, has a retarded development just as pre-schizophrenic children have; (2) early postnatal manipulations have immediate and long-lasting effects on the rodents' morphology; and (3) subchronic, early postnatal handling has a greater effect in APO-UNSUS rats than in APO-SUS rats. The impact of these data for APO-SUS rats as a model for schizophrenia is discussed
