The Experts below are selected from a list of 279 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Nirupama Mandal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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development of a smart Rotameter with intelligent temperature compensation
International Conference on Sensing Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Anamika Lata, Joyanta Kumar Roy, Nirupama Mandal, Praveen Maurya, Subhas Chandra MukhopadhyayAbstract:Rotameter is a particular kind of flow meter, based on variable area principle. In this paper, an intelligent inductive pickup type flow transducer using Rotameter is developed with temperature compensation. The float of Rotameter is attached with a ferromagnetic wire and with the movement of float the self-inductance of inductive pickup changes. The self-inductance is changed into a voltage with the modified Maxwell bridge network. The density of the fluid flowing through the Rotameter get changed with the change in temperature, and it disturbs the calibration of Rotameter. In this paper, different ANN (Artifical neural network) algorithm scheme is used for compensating the temperature influence in the modified Rotameter.
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ICST - Development of a Smart Rotameter with Intelligent Temperature Compensation
2018 12th International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST), 2018Co-Authors: Anamika Lata, Joyanta Kumar Roy, Nirupama Mandal, Praveen Maurya, Subhas Chandra MukhopadhyayAbstract:Rotameter is a particular kind of flow meter, based on variable area principle. In this paper, an intelligent inductive pickup type flow transducer using Rotameter is developed with temperature compensation. The float of Rotameter is attached with a ferromagnetic wire and with the movement of float the self-inductance of inductive pickup changes. The self-inductance is changed into a voltage with the modified Maxwell bridge network. The density of the fluid flowing through the Rotameter get changed with the change in temperature, and it disturbs the calibration of Rotameter. In this paper, different ANN (Artifical neural network) algorithm scheme is used for compensating the temperature influence in the modified Rotameter.
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ICST - Design and implementation of a real time PC based flow indicating controller and optical transmitter
2017 Eleventh International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST), 2017Co-Authors: Nirupama Mandal, Anamika Lata, Joyanta Kumar Roy, Rajan SarkarAbstract:PC based measurement and control are important to the industrial automation. The signal transmission through a hazardous region in the form of optical signal is preferred more than the electrical signal. In the present work, an experimental study has been made with low cost modified optically isolated Rotameter based flow transmitter and flow control system. This flow indicating controller has been designed using modified LVDT based Rotameter, PC based controller NI DAQ and LabVIEW software. An analog signal-conditioning and flow control circuit is developed. The same was calibrated with flow measuring test rig with a standard available industrial flow meter. The output of the opto-isolator circuit has been shown in a PC and the flow rate is controlled to a desired value using LabVIEW software. The output of the Rotameter is sent to the remote location through optical fiber cable and converted to electrical signal using optoelectronics converter. The experiment has been performed and results are presented in the paper. The experimental result follows the theoretical equations. Simulation is done on optical flow transmitter. It has been observed that variation of LVDT output voltage and the characteristic of the transducer and PC based controller are all linear in nature.
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An accurate technique of measurement of flow rate using Rotameter as a primary sensor and an improved op-amp based network
Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, 2017Co-Authors: Nirupama Mandal, Gurindapalli RajitaAbstract:Abstract In the present paper, a simple Rotameter transmitter has been studied using an inductive coil in differential form as a secondary sensor and Rotameter as the primary sensor. The proposed technique measures the flow rate and converts the flow rate variation into an electrical current which can be easily transmitted to a remote location like a control room. The change in inductance due to change in flow rate is measured by an improved op-amp inductance based network. The proposed prototype transmitter unit has been designed and developed and then its theory of operation has been derived. The performance of the developed transducer has been experimentally studied and the experimental results are reported in the paper. The experimental result appears to follow the theoretical equations with very good linearity and repeatability with very small uncertainty in measurement. The graphical abstract is shown below.
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Design and Analysis of an Intelligent Flow Transmitter Using Artificial Neural Network
IEEE Sensors Letters, 2017Co-Authors: Sunita Sinha, Nirupama MandalAbstract:This paper presents an intelligent flow transmitter using Rotameter as a primary sensor. The float movement of the Rotameter is converted into an electrical signal so that one can monitor it and control it at a remote location in industries. A Hall probe sensor is used to convert the float movement into Hall voltage, but various parameters like temperature, liquid density, viscosity etc., affect the Hall voltage measurement. The change of Hall voltage with respect to temperature is nonlinear in nature. In this respect, back propagation algorithm of the artificial neural network (ANN) is used to compensate the nonlinearity and inaccuracy of Hall probe sensor due to change in temperature. The proposed measurement system, experimental results, and testing results of the ANN are reported in this paper.
A. N. Poo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Twin‐wire resistance probe Rotameter
Review of Scientific Instruments, 1990Co-Authors: C.y. Liu, A. N. PooAbstract:The principle of the twin‐wire resistance probe Rotameter is developed in this article. The main feature of the design is a low‐cost flowmeter with an electrical output capability. From performance tests conducted on both a simulated Rotameter and an actual Rotameter constructed based on the principle described, good agreement was observed between experimental and analytical results. It was found that the output voltage from this flowmeter depends mainly upon the material and the size of the float used, and the angle of the taper of the surface of the meter.
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twin wire resistance probe Rotameter
Review of Scientific Instruments, 1990Co-Authors: C.y. Liu, A. N. PooAbstract:The principle of the twin‐wire resistance probe Rotameter is developed in this article. The main feature of the design is a low‐cost flowmeter with an electrical output capability. From performance tests conducted on both a simulated Rotameter and an actual Rotameter constructed based on the principle described, good agreement was observed between experimental and analytical results. It was found that the output voltage from this flowmeter depends mainly upon the material and the size of the float used, and the angle of the taper of the surface of the meter.
C.y. Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Theoretical and experimental investigations of a capacitance variable area flowmeter
Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control, 1995Co-Authors: C.y. Liu, A.c. Lua, W.k. Chan, Y.w. WongAbstract:The principle of the capacitance variable area flowmeter or Rotameter for gas measurements is developed. This method utilised the change of the annular gap between the float and the tapered bore at different positions to measure the corresponding change in capacitance in the form of voltage. From performance tests conducted for air on both a simulated Rotameter and an actual Rotameter constructed based on the principle described, good agreement was obtained between analytical and experimental results. It was found that the output voltage from this Rotameter depended upon the relative sizes of the diameters of the tapered bore and the float, and the angle of the tapered tube.
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Twin‐wire resistance probe Rotameter
Review of Scientific Instruments, 1990Co-Authors: C.y. Liu, A. N. PooAbstract:The principle of the twin‐wire resistance probe Rotameter is developed in this article. The main feature of the design is a low‐cost flowmeter with an electrical output capability. From performance tests conducted on both a simulated Rotameter and an actual Rotameter constructed based on the principle described, good agreement was observed between experimental and analytical results. It was found that the output voltage from this flowmeter depends mainly upon the material and the size of the float used, and the angle of the taper of the surface of the meter.
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twin wire resistance probe Rotameter
Review of Scientific Instruments, 1990Co-Authors: C.y. Liu, A. N. PooAbstract:The principle of the twin‐wire resistance probe Rotameter is developed in this article. The main feature of the design is a low‐cost flowmeter with an electrical output capability. From performance tests conducted on both a simulated Rotameter and an actual Rotameter constructed based on the principle described, good agreement was observed between experimental and analytical results. It was found that the output voltage from this flowmeter depends mainly upon the material and the size of the float used, and the angle of the taper of the surface of the meter.
Stefan Maas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Use of a Computed Tomography Based Approach to Validate Noninvasive Devices to Measure Rotational Knee Laxity.
International Scholarly Research Notices, 2015Co-Authors: Simon Neumann, Stefan Maas, Danièle Waldmann, Pierre-louis Ricci, Arno Zürbes, Pierre-jean Arnoux, Frédéric Walter, Jens KelmAbstract:The purpose of this study is to validate a noninvasive rotational knee laxity measuring device called “Rotameter P2” with an approach based on Computed Tomography (CT). This CT-approach using X-rays is hence invasive and can be regarded as a precise reference method that may also be applied to similar devices. An error due to imperfect femur fixation was observed but can be neglected for small torques. The most significant estimation error is due to the unavoidable soft tissues rotation and hence flexibility in the measurement chain. The error increases with the applied torque. The assessment showed that the rotational knee angle measured with the Rotameter is still overestimated because of thigh and femur displacement, soft tissues deformation, and measurement artefacts adding up to a maximum of 285% error at +15 Nm for the Internal Rotation of female volunteers. This may be questioned if such noninvasive devices for measuring the Tibia-Femoral Rotation (TFR) can help diagnosing knee pathologies and investigate ligament reconstructive surgery.
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Design, Repeatability, and Comparison to Literature Data of a New Noninvasive Device Called “Rotameter” to Measure Rotational Knee Laxity
International Scholarly Research Notices, 2015Co-Authors: Simon Neumann, Stefan Maas, Danièle Waldmann, Pierre-louis Ricci, Arno Zürbes, Pierre-jean Arnoux, Jens KelmAbstract:The present paper deals with the design, the repeatability, and the comparison to literature data of a new measuring device called “Rotameter” to characterize the rotational knee laxity or the tibia-femoral rotation (TFR). The initial prototype P1 of the Rotameter is shortly introduced and then modified according to trials carried out on a prosthetic leg and on five healthy volunteers, leading therefore to an improved prototype P2. A comparison of results obtained from P1 and P2 with the same male subject shows the enhancements of P2. Intertester and intratester repeatability of this new device were shown and it was observed that rotational laxities of left and right knees are the same for a healthy subject. Moreover, a literature review showed that measurements with P2 presented lower TFR values than other noninvasive devices. The measured TFR versus torque characteristic was quite similar to other invasive devices, which are more difficult to use and harmful to the patient. Hence, our prototype P2 proved to be an easy-to-use and suitable device for quantifying rotational knee laxity. A forthcoming study will validate the Rotameter thanks to an approach based on computed tomography in order to evaluate its precision.
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Reliability testing of a new device to measure tibial rotation.
Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy, 2009Co-Authors: Olaf Lorbach, Pascal Wilmes, Stefan Maas, Dieter Kohn, Daniel Theisen, Matthias Brockmeyer, Romain SeilAbstract:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of a new developed device to measure tibial rotation, the Rotameter. Thirty healthy subjects (15 males, 15 females, 24 years) were examined with the Rotameter measurement device. External and internal rotation was performed at an applied torque of 5, 10 and 15 Nm by two independent examiners in order to test the inter-observer reliability. The patients were measured again after a mean of 31 ± 43 days by the same examiners to test the intra-observer reliability. Statistical analysis was performed using the intra-class correlation coefficient. The Pearson Correlation coefficient was used to compare the measurements of the left with the right side of the participants. In the measurements, a high inter- and intra-observer reliability was found at 5, 10 and 15 Nm of applied torque for the external rotation, internal rotation and the rotational range (internal + external rotation). Comparison of the left and the right knee of the same participant also revealed high correlations in the Pearson correlation coefficient at all applied torques. In conclusion, the Rotameter testing device for the measurement of tibial rotation showed a high inter-observer and intra-observer reliability. It is easy to perform and might be used in a wide field as a non-invasive instrument to objectively determine rotational stability and to investigate the restoration of the rotational stability after surgical procedures.
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A non-invasive device to objectively measure tibial rotation: verification of the device
Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy, 2009Co-Authors: Olaf Lorbach, Pascal Wilmes, Stefan Maas, Tina Zerbe, Lüder C. Busch, Dieter Kohn, Romain SeilAbstract:The purpose of this study was the correlation of the results of a new measurement device for tibial rotation (Rotameter) in comparison with the measurements of a knee navigation system as standard method. In a biomechanical laboratory study, all soft tissues were removed from 20 human cadaveric knees leaving only the intact capsule and the bone. Specific tracers were bicortically fixed in the bone in order to measure tibial rotation using a knee navigation system. The knees were fixed to a custom-made inside-boot to rule out undesirable rotation of the reconstruction inside the Rotameter measurement device. Internal and external rotation values were measured at an applied torque of 5, 10 and 15 Nm. The different methods to evaluate tibial rotation were compared using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The correlations were deemed to be reliable if a value of ≥0.80 was achieved. At 5 Nm of applied torque, high correlations for the internal rotation, external rotation and the entire rotational range were found in the Pearson correlation coefficient between the Rotameter testing device in comparison with the knee navigation system as invasive reference method. These results were also confirmed at an applied torque of 10 and 15 Nm. In conclusion, the Rotameter testing device showed high correlations compared with the knee navigation system as an invasive standard method. It might be used as a non-invasive and easy alternative to investigate tibial rotation.
Jens Kelm - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Use of a Computed Tomography Based Approach to Validate Noninvasive Devices to Measure Rotational Knee Laxity.
International Scholarly Research Notices, 2015Co-Authors: Simon Neumann, Stefan Maas, Danièle Waldmann, Pierre-louis Ricci, Arno Zürbes, Pierre-jean Arnoux, Frédéric Walter, Jens KelmAbstract:The purpose of this study is to validate a noninvasive rotational knee laxity measuring device called “Rotameter P2” with an approach based on Computed Tomography (CT). This CT-approach using X-rays is hence invasive and can be regarded as a precise reference method that may also be applied to similar devices. An error due to imperfect femur fixation was observed but can be neglected for small torques. The most significant estimation error is due to the unavoidable soft tissues rotation and hence flexibility in the measurement chain. The error increases with the applied torque. The assessment showed that the rotational knee angle measured with the Rotameter is still overestimated because of thigh and femur displacement, soft tissues deformation, and measurement artefacts adding up to a maximum of 285% error at +15 Nm for the Internal Rotation of female volunteers. This may be questioned if such noninvasive devices for measuring the Tibia-Femoral Rotation (TFR) can help diagnosing knee pathologies and investigate ligament reconstructive surgery.
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Design, Repeatability, and Comparison to Literature Data of a New Noninvasive Device Called “Rotameter” to Measure Rotational Knee Laxity
International Scholarly Research Notices, 2015Co-Authors: Simon Neumann, Stefan Maas, Danièle Waldmann, Pierre-louis Ricci, Arno Zürbes, Pierre-jean Arnoux, Jens KelmAbstract:The present paper deals with the design, the repeatability, and the comparison to literature data of a new measuring device called “Rotameter” to characterize the rotational knee laxity or the tibia-femoral rotation (TFR). The initial prototype P1 of the Rotameter is shortly introduced and then modified according to trials carried out on a prosthetic leg and on five healthy volunteers, leading therefore to an improved prototype P2. A comparison of results obtained from P1 and P2 with the same male subject shows the enhancements of P2. Intertester and intratester repeatability of this new device were shown and it was observed that rotational laxities of left and right knees are the same for a healthy subject. Moreover, a literature review showed that measurements with P2 presented lower TFR values than other noninvasive devices. The measured TFR versus torque characteristic was quite similar to other invasive devices, which are more difficult to use and harmful to the patient. Hence, our prototype P2 proved to be an easy-to-use and suitable device for quantifying rotational knee laxity. A forthcoming study will validate the Rotameter thanks to an approach based on computed tomography in order to evaluate its precision.
