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Anthony Herrel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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shrews of the genus crocidura from el harhoura 2 temara morocco the contribution of broken specimens to the understanding of late pleistocene holocene palaeoenvironments in north africa
Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 2015Co-Authors: Raphaël Cornette, Anthony Herrel, Rainer Hutterer, Emmanuelle Stoetzel, Michel Baylac, Sibyle Moulin, Roland Nespoulet, Mohammed Abdeljalil El Hajraoui, Christiane DenysAbstract:article i nfo The El Harhoura 2 cave (Morocco) presents a high density of white-toothed shrew (Crocidurinae) remains inthe eightstudiedarchaeologicallevels,rangingfromaround108,000to5800BP.Adetailedunderstandingofthespe- cies contained in these assemblages is important for palaeoecological studies, yet often difficult to achieve be- cause the remains are systematically broken. Here we apply geometric morphometric methods that use sliding landmarks allowing us to assign broken mandibles to five potential species present in Morocco today. Four spe- cies were detected, with a distinct distribution in the different levels. Surprisingly, Crocidura Russula, a species typically associated with relatively humid habitats, was found to be more abundant in periods characterized by dry conditions. Moreover, the abundance of the Saharan species Crocidura tarfayensis and Crocidura lusitania followed an inverse pattern. Both groups appear to affect each other's abundance throughout the studied period. We suggest that the coastal position of El Harhoura 2 as well as the inter-specific competition between C. Russula and other species may explain this pattern. © 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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Does bite force provide a competitive advantage in shrews? The case of the greater white-toothed shrew
Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015Co-Authors: Raphaël Cornette, Anne Tresset, Céline Houssin, Michel Pascal, Anthony HerrelAbstract:Competition for resources has long been considered a major driver of evolution by natural selection. Thus, the ability to gain access to resources not available to other individuals and species should be under strong selection. In the present study, we focus on the potential role of biting in a shrew (Crocidura Russula) because this trait may confer two advantages: (1) a broadening of the dietary niche and (2) the provision of direct superiority in interspecific interactions. The model chosen is the greater white-toothed shrew, which is considered as invasive in northern Europe and which is also known to displace native species of shrew in this area. Moreover, its distribution appears to constrain the distributional ranges of other species of shrew in the Maghreb. We use geometric morphometrics and a simple biomechanical model to describe shape variation and to evaluate the mechanical potential of the mandible of ten species of white-toothed shrews, with a special emphasis on C. Russula and Crocidura suaveolens. We find that C. Russula possesses an intermediate mechanical potential linked with an intermediate level of shape variability. Our results suggest that the higher mechanical potential may explain the observed pattern of colonization of the Atlantic islands by C. Russula at the expense of C.suaveolens. Finally, our results also suggest that the ability to bite hard may be under strong selection in shrews.(c) 2015 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015, 114, 795-807.
Peter Vogel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Taxonomic status and origin of the shrews (Soricidae) from the Canary islands inferred from a mtDNA comparison with the European Crocidura species.
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 2003Co-Authors: Peter Vogel, J. F. Cosson, L. F. L. JuradoAbstract:European island shrews are either relicts of the endemic Pleistocene fauna, e.g.,. Crocidura zimmermanni, or were introduced from continental source populations. In order to clarify the taxonomic status and the origin of the two shrew species from the Canary islands, a 981bp fragment of cytochrome b gene was investigated in all European Crocidura species and compared with the Canary shrew (Crocidura canariensis) and the Osorio shrew (Crocidura osorio). The first shares its karyotype with the Sicilian shrew Crocidura sicula (2N=36), the second with the Greater white-toothed shrew Crocidura Russula (2N=42), suggesting possible sister species relationships. Results confirm the monophyly of taxa sharing the same karyotype. Genetic distances between C. sicula and C. canariensis suggest a separation since 5 Myr. The first was probably isolated from the North African ancestor after the Messinian desiccation; the second arrived on the Canary islands by natural jump dispersal. Within the 2N=42 cluster, a first split separated an Eastern line (Tunisia) from a western line (Morocco/Europe) of C. Russula. C. osorio clusters together with C. Russula from Spain, indicating conspecificy. This suggests a recent introduction from Spain by human.
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geographic variation of the greater white toothed shrew crocidura Russula hermann 1780 mammalia soricidae
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 1996Co-Authors: Maurizio Sara, Peter VogelAbstract:Abstract A multivariate morphometric study of the Greater white-toothed shrew ( C. Russula ) throughout its Palearctic range was carried out to search for patterns of geographic variation within the species boundary. Burnaby's and multiple group principal component analysis allowed the adjustment of raw data with respect to within-sample allometric variation. Multivariate ‘size-free’ results show a stepped cline with the phenotypical trait reduction and shape change from the eastern to the western Maghreb. Pleistocene fossil mandibles proved to have low phenetic distances with eastern populations (Tunisia, east Algeria) and it is argued that their character set is the primitive condition. The ancestral Mid-Pleistocene shrews lived in a relatively more humid climate. Geo-climatic changes in the north African range during the Quaternary provoked phenetic variation of C. Russula and, it can be argued, evolution of the modern western C.r. yebalensis . A historical process can thus be assumed as the main cause of this categorical variation, by segmentation of the species range due to geo-climatic events. Morphometric discontinuity within the C. Russula Maghreb range is shown to be congruent with karyological and biochemical studies. Moroccan and Tunisian shrews differ, for example, in NFa chromosomes and electrophoretical traits. A statispatric process should be invoked to explain categorical variation in the Maghreb range. Colonization and divergence of insular populations results in more or less differentiated geographic races. The populations of Ibiza and Pantelleria are close to the species threshold (Nei's D ≥ 0·1). The process of speciation undergone by the Greater white-toothed shrew results in a complex pattern of geographic variation, including both allopatric and non-allopatric modes.
John Ohalloran - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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invading and expanding range dynamics and ecological consequences of the greater white toothed shrew crocidura Russula invasion in ireland
PLOS ONE, 2014Co-Authors: Allan D Mcdevitt, Ian W Montgomery, David G Tosh, John Lusby, Neil Reid, Thomas A White, Damien C Mcdevitt, John Ohalloran, Jeremy B SearleAbstract:Establishing how invasive species impact upon pre-existing species is a fundamental question in ecology and conservation biology. The greater white-toothed shrew (Crocidura Russula) is an invasive species in Ireland that was first recorded in 2007 and which, according to initial data, may be limiting the abundance/distribution of the pygmy shrew (Sorex minutus), previously Ireland's only shrew species. Because of these concerns, we undertook an intensive live-trapping survey (and used other data from live-trapping, sightings and bird of prey pellets/nest inspections collected between 2006 and 2013) to model the distribution and expansion of C. Russula in Ireland and its impacts on Ireland's small mammal community. The main distribution range of C. Russula was found to be approximately 7,600 km2 in 2013, with established outlier populations suggesting that the species is dispersing with human assistance within the island. The species is expanding rapidly for a small mammal, with a radial expansion rate of 5.5 km/yr overall (2008–2013), and independent estimates from live-trapping in 2012–2013 showing rates of 2.4–14.1 km/yr, 0.5–7.1 km/yr and 0–5.6 km/yr depending on the landscape features present. S. minutus is negatively associated with C. Russula. S. minutus is completely absent at sites where C. Russula is established and is only present at sites at the edge of and beyond the invasion range of C. Russula. The speed of this invasion and the homogenous nature of the Irish landscape may mean that S. minutus has not had sufficient time to adapt to the sudden appearance of C. Russula. This may mean the continued decline/disappearance of S. minutus as C. Russula spreads throughout the island.
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first record of greater white toothed shrew crocidura Russula in ireland
Mammal Review, 2008Co-Authors: David G Tosh, Ian W Montgomery, John Lusby, John OhalloranAbstract:Skeletal remains of greater white-toothed shrew Crocidura Russula were recovered from barn owl Tyto alba and kestrel Falco tinnunculus pellets collected at 15 locations in Counties Tipperary and Limerick in Ireland in September 2007 and March 2008. Seven greater white- toothed shrews were trapped at four locations in Tipperary in March 2008. This is the first Irish record of C. Russula and compelling evidence that the species is established in Ireland. 2. The absence of C. Russula from earlier surveys of owl pellets and small mammals in Ireland suggests a recent introduction by uncertain means, possibly since 2001. It seems likely that C. Russula will expand its range in Ireland. Its impact on the ecology of habitats in which it is found is uncertain but may be considerable.
Slavomir Adamcik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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taxonomic revision of Russula subsection amoeninae from south korea
MycoKeys, 2020Co-Authors: Komsit Wisitrassameewong, Myung Soo Park, Hyun Min Lee, Aniket Ghosh, Kanad Das, Bart Buyck, Brian Looney, Miroslav Caboň, Slavomir Adamcik, Changmu KimAbstract:Russula subsection Amoeninae is morphologically defined by a dry velvety pileus surface, a complete absence of cystidia with heteromorphous contents in all tissues, and spores without amyloid suprahilar spot. Thirty-four species within subsection Amoeninae have been published worldwide. Although most Russula species in South Korea have been assigned European or North American names, recent molecular studies have shown that Russula species from different continents are not conspecific. Therefore, the present study aims to: 1) define which species of Russula subsection Amoeninae occur on each continent using molecular phylogenetic analyses; 2) revise the taxonomy of Korean Amoeninae. The phylogenetic analyses using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and multilocus sequences showed that subsection Amoeninae is monophyletic within subgenus Heterophyllidiae section Heterophyllae. A total of 21 Russula subsection Amoeninae species were confirmed from Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and Central America, and species from different continents formed separate clades. Three species were recognized from South Korea and were clearly separated from the European and North American species. These species are R. bella, also reported from Japan, a new species described herein, Russula orientipurpurea, and a new species undescribed due to insufficient material.
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coalescent based delimitation and species tree estimations reveal appalachian origin and neogene diversification in Russula subsection roseinae
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2020Co-Authors: Brian P Looney, Slavomir Adamcik, Brandon P MathenyAbstract:Numerous lineages of mushroom-forming fungi have been subject to bursts of diversification throughout their evolutionary history, events that can impact our ability to infer well-resolved phylogenies. However, groups that have undergone quick genetic change may have the highest adaptive potential. As the second largest genus of mushroom-forming fungi, Russula provides an excellent model for studying hyper-diversification and processes in evolution that drives it. This study focuses on the morphologically defined group - Russula subsection Roseinae. Species hypotheses based on morphological differentiation and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses are tested in the Roseinae using different applications of the multi-species coalescent model. Based on this combined approach, we recognize fourteen species in Roseinae including the Albida and wholly novel Magnarosea clades. Reconstruction of biogeographic and host association history suggest that parapatric speciation in refugia during glacial cycles of the Pleistocene drove diversification within the Roseinae, which is found to have a Laurasian distribution with an evolutionary origin in the Appalachian Mountains of eastern North America. Finally, we detect jump dispersal at a continental scale that has driven diversification since the most recent glacial cycles.
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The quest for a globally comprehensible Russula language
Fungal Diversity, 2019Co-Authors: Slavomir Adamcik, Peter G. Avis, Brian Looney, Miroslav Caboň, Soňa Jancovicova, Katarína Adamčíková, Magdalena Barajas, Rajendra P. Bhatt, Adriana Corrales, Kanad DasAbstract:Since 2007, the quality of Russula descriptions has improved and the use of molecular support for species delimitation and the number of published new species has increased. However, the description style is not consistent and has regional or author-specific patterns. Most recent publications still favour descriptions of spores compared to hymenium and pileipellis elements, and usually only the spore size is provided with statistical support. This study proposes standards for descriptions of the microscopic structure of Russula species (Russulaceae, Agaricomycetes). We present the description template, the template measurements table, the specific terminology and the essential chemical reagents. The proposed standards were tested by mycologists from 11 countries who met at the Russula Microscopy Workshop in Slovakia. Descriptions of 26 species from 9 countries and four continents were prepared, among them R. amarissima , R. castanopsidis , R. seperina and R. subtilis are re-described and 15 species are introduced as new: R. abietiphila , R. amerorecondita , R. aurantioflava , R. echidna , R. flavobrunnescens , R. fluvialis , R. fortunae , R. garyensis , R. gemmata , R. laevis , R. madrensis , R. olivaceohimalayensis , R. purpureogracilis , R. sancti - pauli and R. wielangtae . Seven descriptions for candidate new species are provided without a formal name assignment. Pairwise comparison of species described in this study with available similar descriptions of related species suggests that microscopic characters from all parts of the basidiomata can be equally important for species recognition and they deserve the same treatment including number of measurements and statistics. The majority of recent studies does not recognise differences between the pileus margin and centre, but more than one-third of the species described in this study show distinct differences between the pileus areas, emphasizing the importance to specify the origin of pileipellis observations. This study proved that there is frequently insufficient difference in the ITS barcode between closely related species and that it is necessary to use more genetic markers combined with ecological and geographical data.
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miocene and pliocene speciation of Russula subsection roseinae in temperate forests of eastern north america
bioRxiv, 2019Co-Authors: Brian Looney, Slavomir Adamcik, Brandon P MathenyAbstract:Abstract Numerous lineages of mushroom-forming fungi have been subject to bursts of diversification throughout their evolutionary history, events that can impact our ability to infer well-resolved phylogenies. However, groups that have undergone quick genetic change may have the highest adaptive potential. As the second largest genus of mushroom-forming fungi, Russula provides an excellent model for studying hyper-diversification and processes in evolution that drives it. This study focuses on the morphologically defined group – Russula subsection Roseinae. Species hypotheses based on morphological differentiation and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses are tested in the Roseinae using different applications of the multi-species coalescent model. Based on this combined approach, we recognize fourteen species in Roseinae including the Albida and wholly novel Magnarosea clades. Reconstruction of biogeographic and host association history suggest that parapatric speciation in refugia during glacial cycles of the Pleistocene drove diversification within the Roseinae, which is found to have a Laurasian distribution with an evolutionary origin in the Appalachian Mountains of eastern North America. Finally, we detect jump dispersal at a continental scale that has driven diversification since the most recent glacial cycles.
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the study of Russula in the western united states
Cryptogamie Mycologie, 2015Co-Authors: Bart Buyck, Soňa Jancovicova, Slavomir AdamcikAbstract:Abstract A short history to the study of Russula in the Western United States is provided and for the first time an exhaustive list of all 49 taxa described from this part of the country has been compiled. As a start to a revision of these species, a first series of four holotypes (one from California and three from the Pacific Northwest) have here been studied microscopically, resulting in some very substantial changes concerning species concept and consequent systematic placement. Russula flava var. pacifica appears unrelated to the type variety. It is therefore excluded as member of Integroidinae, subgen. Polychromidia, and deserves probably to be upgraded to species level within subgen. Russula. The Californian R. paxilloides is lectotypified and is a good member of subgen. Russula, but is closer to sect. Persicinae than to the white-spored Vinaceae as previously suggested. Russula maxima, widely accepted as a species of subsect. Subcompactinae (subgen. Heterophyllidia), certainly does not belong ther...
Bart Buyck - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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three novel species of Russula pers subg compactae fr bon from dinghushan biosphere reserve in southern china
Cryptogamie Mycologie, 2020Co-Authors: Songyan Zhou, Bart Buyck, Yu Song, Kaixing Chen, Lihong QiuAbstract:Three novel species of Russula Pers. subg. Compactae (Fr.) Bon from southern China are described with morphological evidence and phylogenetic analyses based on ITS and the concatenated partial LSU, mtSSU, rpb1, rpb2 and tef1 gene sequences. All three species possess sparse and broad lamellae. Russula latolamellata Y.Song & L.H.Qiu, sp. nov., is characterized by its cracking, black-tan pileus, scarlet-turning context on bruising and absence of pileocystidia and caulocystidia. Russula nigrocarpa S.Y.Zhou, Y.Song & L.H.Qiu, sp. nov., can be distinguished by its off-white lamellae, small basidiospores, hymenial cystidia and pileocystidia of various forms, often with forked apices and by its gelatinous pileipellis. Russula ochrobrunnea S.Y.Zhou, Y.Song & L.H.Qiu, sp. nov., is characterized by its cracking, grayish brown pileus with striate margin, light-brown lamellae whose edges turn dark-brown when mature, small basidiospores and slightly flexuous ormoniliform hymenial cystidia. Their detailed morphological features and phylogenetic positions are discussed and compared among closely related species.
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taxonomic revision of Russula subsection amoeninae from south korea
MycoKeys, 2020Co-Authors: Komsit Wisitrassameewong, Myung Soo Park, Hyun Min Lee, Aniket Ghosh, Kanad Das, Bart Buyck, Brian Looney, Miroslav Caboň, Slavomir Adamcik, Changmu KimAbstract:Russula subsection Amoeninae is morphologically defined by a dry velvety pileus surface, a complete absence of cystidia with heteromorphous contents in all tissues, and spores without amyloid suprahilar spot. Thirty-four species within subsection Amoeninae have been published worldwide. Although most Russula species in South Korea have been assigned European or North American names, recent molecular studies have shown that Russula species from different continents are not conspecific. Therefore, the present study aims to: 1) define which species of Russula subsection Amoeninae occur on each continent using molecular phylogenetic analyses; 2) revise the taxonomy of Korean Amoeninae. The phylogenetic analyses using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and multilocus sequences showed that subsection Amoeninae is monophyletic within subgenus Heterophyllidiae section Heterophyllae. A total of 21 Russula subsection Amoeninae species were confirmed from Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and Central America, and species from different continents formed separate clades. Three species were recognized from South Korea and were clearly separated from the European and North American species. These species are R. bella, also reported from Japan, a new species described herein, Russula orientipurpurea, and a new species undescribed due to insufficient material.
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Russula viridicinnamomea f yuan y song sp nov and r pseudocatillus f yuan y song sp nov two new species from southern china
Cryptogamie Mycologie, 2019Co-Authors: Fa Yuan, Bart Buyck, Yu Song, Lihong QiuAbstract:Two novel species of Russula Pers. subgenus Heterophyllidia Romagnesi, collected from the Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve in southern China, are described and illustrated based on both morphological and phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. Russula viridicinnamomea F. Yuan & Y. Song, sp. nov. is characterized by the emerald green-tinged buff pileus with undulate and tearing margin, lamellae that are frequently forked, subreticulate basidiospores with interconnected warts, very thick pileipellis with terminal elements that are often inflated to subglobose, and abundant hymenial cystidia and dermatocystidia, all changing to dark grey in sulphovanillin. Russula pseudocatillus F. Yuan & Y. Song, sp. nov. shows close relationship to Russula catillus Lee, Park & Lim, but it differs from the latter by its smaller basidiomata and pleurocystidia, irregular presence of lamellulae, much bigger basidiospores ornamented with higher warts never forming a reticulum, and not gelatinized pileipellis. Both morphological and molecular analyses consistently confirm the distinctiveness of these two novel taxa in subgenus Heterophyllidia. The differences among two novel taxa and their related species are discussed.
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Russula verrucospora sp nov and r xanthovirens sp nov two novel species of Russula Russulaceae from southern china
Cryptogamie Mycologie, 2018Co-Authors: Yu Song, Bart Buyck, Jianfei Zheng, Lihong QiuAbstract:Two novel species of Russula subgenus Heterophyllidia, collected from Guangdong Province, P. R. of China, are described and illustrated based on both morphology and phylogenetic analyses of ITS sequences. Russula verrucospora sp. nov. is characterized by a combination of unequal lamellae, verrucose basidiospores, presence of robust caulocystidia, and pleurocystidia changing to reddish-brown in sulphovanillin (SV). R. xanthovirens sp. nov. is phylogenetically closely related to R. aureoviridis within subsection Virescentinae, but it can be separated from the latter by its much thicker pileipellis which is distinctly divided into two layers and orthochromatic in cresyl blue, ellipsoid to globose subterminal cells, bigger basidiospores with higher warts and ridges, and much longer pleurocystidia and cheilocystidia. Both morphological and molecular data consistently verify that R. verrucospora and R. xanthovirens are new to subg. Heterophyllidia. The differences among these two novel species and their related taxa are discussed.
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the study of Russula in the western united states
Cryptogamie Mycologie, 2015Co-Authors: Bart Buyck, Soňa Jancovicova, Slavomir AdamcikAbstract:Abstract A short history to the study of Russula in the Western United States is provided and for the first time an exhaustive list of all 49 taxa described from this part of the country has been compiled. As a start to a revision of these species, a first series of four holotypes (one from California and three from the Pacific Northwest) have here been studied microscopically, resulting in some very substantial changes concerning species concept and consequent systematic placement. Russula flava var. pacifica appears unrelated to the type variety. It is therefore excluded as member of Integroidinae, subgen. Polychromidia, and deserves probably to be upgraded to species level within subgen. Russula. The Californian R. paxilloides is lectotypified and is a good member of subgen. Russula, but is closer to sect. Persicinae than to the white-spored Vinaceae as previously suggested. Russula maxima, widely accepted as a species of subsect. Subcompactinae (subgen. Heterophyllidia), certainly does not belong ther...
